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| Date March 15, 2007 |
Report No. RS22162 |
Title
Order Code RS22162 Updated March 15, 2007 The World Bank: The International Development Association s 14th Replenishment (2006-2008) Martin A. Weiss Analyst in International Trade and Finance Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Summary On April 18, 2005, the Board of Governors of the International Development Association (IDA) approved the fourteenth replenishment of IDA s resources. The World ...
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| Date March 14, 2007 |
Report No. RL33921 |
Title
Order Code RL33921 Medicare s Skilled Nursing Facility Payments March 14, 2007 Julie Stone Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Medicare s Skilled Nursing Facility Payments Summary Medicare covers skilled nursing facility (SNF) care following a beneficiary s discharge from a hospitalization of at least three days. If the beneficiary needs skilled care, Medicare will pay for up ...
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| Date March 14, 2007 |
Report No. RS22623 |
Title
Order Code RS22623 March 14, 2007 Railroad Retirement Board Annuities for Widows and Widowers Kathleen Romig Analyst in Social Security Domestic Social Policy Division Summary The Railroad Retirement and Survivors Improvement Act of 2001 (P.L. 107-16) increased monthly annuities for many Railroad Retirement Board (RRB) widow and widower beneficiaries. The legislation added a guaranty amount a ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. RL33345 |
Title
Order Code RL33345 Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2007 Updated March 13, 2007 Michael E. Davey (Coordinator) Christine M. Matthews, John D. Moteff, Daniel Morgan, and Wendy H. Schacht Resources, Science, and Industry Division Pamela W. Smith Domestic Social Policy Division Wayne A. Morrissey Knowledge Services Group Federal Research and Development Funding: FY2007 Summary On February ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. RL33925 |
Title
Order Code RL33925 Drug Safety: A Side-by-Side Comparison of Bills in the 110th Congress March 13, 2007 Susan Thaul Specialist in the Regulation of Prescription Drugs and Biologics Domestic Social Policy Division Drug Safety: A Side-by-Side Comparison of Bills in the 110th Congress Summary Members of Congress and the public are increasingly concerned about the ability of the Food and Drug ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. RS22211 |
Title
Order Code RS22211 Updated March 13, 2007 Islamist Extremism in Europe Kristin Archick (Coordinator), John Rollins, and Steven Woehrel Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary Although the vast majority of Muslims in Europe are not involved in radical activities, Islamist extremists and vocal fringe communities that advocate terrorism exist and reportedly have provided cover for ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. RS22619 |
Title
Order Code RS22619 March 13, 2007 Health Care Spending and the Aging of the Population Jennifer Jenson Specialist in Health Economics Domestic Social Policy Division Summary Health care spending has been growing as a share of national income, as a share of federal spending, and as a share of many consumers income. Because people tend to use more health care as they age, many observers are ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. RS22523 |
Title
Order Code RS22523 Updated March 13, 2007 Federal R&D Funding Under a Continuing Resolution Michael E. Davey Specialist in Science and Technology Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary On February 15, 2007 President Bush signed into law P.L. 110-5 (H.J.Res 20), which provides funding for the nine outstanding regular appropriations bills through September 30, 2007.The 109th Congress ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. RS22621 |
Title
Order Code RS22621 March 13, 2007 The FY2008 Budget Request for the U.S. Department of Agriculture Coordinated by Jim Monke Analyst in Agricultural Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary The Administration s FY2008 budget request for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) includes $92.2 billion in budget authority. Proposed discretionary budget authority would increase 1.6% ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. RS21391 |
Title
Order Code RS21391 Updated March 13, 2007 North Korea s Nuclear Weapons: Latest Developments Sharon Squassoni Specialist in National Defense Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary On October 9, 2006, North Korea conducted a nuclear test, with a yield of under 1 kiloton (vice the anticipated 4-kiloton yield) . The United States and other countries condemned the test and the U.N. ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. RS22613 |
Title
Order Code RS22613 March 13, 2007 District of Columbia School Reform Proposals: Congress s Possible Role in the Legislative Process Eugene Boyd Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division Summary On January 5, 2007, the newly elected mayor of the District of Columbia, Adrian Fenty, released his legislative proposal to transfer administrative and budgetary control of the ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. RS22620 |
Title
Order Code RS22620 March 13, 2007 The 2006 Increase in U.S. Motor Vehicle Imports from Japan Stephen Cooney Industry Specialist Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary Imports of motor vehicles (automobiles and light trucks) from Japan increased by one-third in volume from 2005 to 2006, rising to more than two million units, the highest yearly total since 1989. Some Members of Congress ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. RS20853 |
Title
Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress P.L. 107-16, the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001, repeals the federal estate tax for decedents that die in 2010. In addition, the act repealed the credit for state estate taxes for decedents dying after December 31, 2004, and replaces the credit with a deduction. In most states, the repeal of the tax and the significant ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. 98-168 |
Title
Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Markups provide Members on a committee an opportunity to change parts of a bill prior to its consideration by the full House. A number of administrative, procedural, and substantive steps must be undertaken in preparation for a markup, and other steps could or should be undertaken. Generally, the markup should be strategically planned to minimize ...
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| Date March 13, 2007 |
Report No. 98-335 |
Title
Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The essential purpose of a committee markup is to determine whether a measure pending before a committee should be altered, or amended, in any substantive way. Of course, committees do not actually amend measures; instead a committee votes on which amendments it wishes to recommend to the House. How a panel conducts the amending process in markup ...
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| Date March 12, 2007 |
Report No. RL32521 |
Title
Order Code RL32521 Agroterrorism: Threats and Preparedness Updated March 12, 2007 Jim Monke Analyst in Agricultural Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Agroterrorism: Threats and Preparedness Summary The potential for terrorist attacks against agricultural targets (agroterrorism) is increasingly recognized as a national security threat, especially after the events of September 11, ...
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| Date March 12, 2007 |
Report No. RL33589 |
Title
Order Code RL33589 The Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act (P.L. 109-417): Provisions and Changes to Preexisting Law Updated March 12, 2007 Sarah A. Lister Specialist in Public Health and Epidemiology Domestic Social Policy Division Frank Gottron Specialist in Science and Technology Resources, Science, and Industry Division The Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act (P.L. 109-417): ...
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| Date March 12, 2007 |
Report No. RL33916 |
Title
Order Code RL33916 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web The USDA 2007 Farm Bill Proposal: Possible Questions March 12, 2007 Jasper Womach, Coordinator, Geoffrey S. Becker, Ralph M. Chite, Tadlock Cowan, Ross W. Gorte, Remy Jurenas, Jim Monke, Jean M. Rawson, Randy Schnepf, and Megan Stubbs Resources, Science, and Industry Division Joe Richardson Domestic Social Policy Division ...
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| Date March 12, 2007 |
Report No. RL33555 |
Title
Order Code RL33555 Trends in Terrorism: 2006 Updated March 12, 2007 Raphael Perl Specialist in International Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Trends in Terrorism: 2006 Summary On April 28, 2006, the Department of State sent to Congress its annual report on global terrorism: Country Reports on Global Terrorism 2005. The 262-page report provides an annual strategic assessment of ...
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| Date March 12, 2007 |
Report No. RL32831 |
Title
Order Code RL32831 The Electoral College: Reform Proposals in the 109th Congress Updated March 12, 2007 Thomas H. Neale Government and Finance Division The Electoral College: Reform Proposals in the 109th Congress Summary American voters elect the President and Vice President of the United States under a complex arrangement of constitutional provisions, federal and state laws, and political party ...
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| Date March 12, 2007 |
Report No. RL33366 |
Title
Order Code RL33366 SCHIP Original Allotments: Description and Analysis Updated March 12, 2007 Chris L. Peterson Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division SCHIP Original Allotments: Description and Analysis Summary The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA 97, P.L. 105-33) created the State Children s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP). In BBA 97, Congress authorized and ...
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| Date March 12, 2007 |
Report No. RL33160 |
Title
Order Code RL33160 Combating Terrorism: The Challenge of Measuring Effectiveness Updated March 12, 2007 Raphael Perl Specialist in International Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Combating Terrorism: The Challenge of Measuring Effectiveness Summary This report is designed to support efforts of the 110th Congress to understand and apply broad based objective criteria when ...
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| Date March 12, 2007 |
Report No. RL33918 |
Title
Order Code RL33918 The Whistleblower Protection Act: An Overview March 12, 2007 L. Paige Whitaker Legislative Attorney American Law Division The Whistleblower Protection Act: An Overview Summary This report discusses the federal statutory protections contained within the Whistleblower Protection Act (WPA) for federal employees who engage in whistleblowing, that is, making a disclosure evidencing ...
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| Date March 12, 2007 |
Report No. RS22383 |
Title
Order Code RS22383 Updated March 12, 2007 FY2007 Appropriations for State and Local Homeland Security Shawn Reese Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division Summary The FY2007 Department of Homeland Security appropriations (P.L. 109-295) provides approximately $3.0 billion for state and local homeland security assistance programs $41 million more than Congress ...
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| Date March 9, 2007 |
Report No. RL33442 |
Title
Order Code RL33442 Nuclear Power: Outlook for New U.S. Reactors Updated March 9, 2007 Larry Parker and Mark Holt Specialists in Energy Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Nuclear Power: Outlook for New U.S. Reactors Summary Nearly three decades after the most recent order was placed for a new nuclear power plant in the United States, several utilities are now expressing interest in ...
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| Date March 9, 2007 |
Report No. RL33909 |
Title
Order Code RL33909 Institutional Eligibility for Participation in Title IV Student Aid Programs Under the Higher Education Act: Background and Reauthorization Issues March 9, 2007 Rebecca R. Skinner Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Institutional Eligibility for Participation in Title IV Student Aid Programs Under the Higher Education Act: Background and ...
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| Date March 9, 2007 |
Report No. RL33912 |
Title
Order Code RL33912 District of Columbia School Reform Proposal: Authority of the D.C. Council To Implement March 9, 2007 Kenneth R. Thomas Legislative Attorney American Law Division District of Columbia School Reform Proposal: Authority of the D.C. Council To Implement Summary This report addresses the authority of the District of Columbia Council to implement a proposed reorganization of the ...
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| Date March 9, 2007 |
Report No. RS22212 |
Title
Order Code RS22212 Updated March 9, 2007 Credit Union Regulatory Improvements Act of 2005 (CURIA) Pauline Smale Economic Analyst Government and Finance Division Summary On May 12, 2005, regulatory modernization legislation for credit unions was introduced as H.R. 2317. The three titles of the Credit Union Regulatory Improvements Act (CURIA) would provide regulatory changes requested by credit ...
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| Date March 9, 2007 |
Report No. RL33759 |
Title
Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Health care spending is one of the most rapidly growing portions of the federal budget. Projections suggest if the rapid growth in health care costs is not curtailed, governments at all levels will face an uncomfortable choice between significant cuts in other spending priorities or major tax increases. This report examines the economic ...
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| Date March 8, 2007 |
Report No. RL33583 |
Title
Order Code RL33583 Homeland Security Grants: FY2003 - FY2006 Evolution of Program Guidance and Grant Allocation Methods Updated March 8, 2007 Shawn Reese Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division Homeland Security Grants: FY2003 - FY2006 Evolution of Program Guidance and Grant Allocation Methods Summary On May 31, 2006, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) ...
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| Date March 8, 2007 |
Report No. RL33906 |
Title
Order Code RL33906 Largest Mergers and Acquisitions by Corporations, 2006 March 8, 2007 John Williamson Information Research Specialist Knowledge Services Group Largest Mergers and Acquisitions by Corporations, 2006 Summary Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) activity has continued to increase, especially in each of the past three years. This report provides a listing of the largest M&A transactions ...
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| Date March 8, 2007 |
Report No. RL33924 |
Title
Order Code RL33924 Municipal Reorganization: Chapter 9 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code March 8, 2007 Robin Jeweler Legislative Attorney American Law Division Municipal Reorganization: Chapter 9 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code Summary Because municipalities are government entities, their economic problems have historically been addressed politically through state-based remedies, such as the creation of a ...
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| Date March 8, 2007 |
Report No. RS21592 |
Title
Order Code RS21592 Updated March 8, 2007 Iran s Nuclear Program: Recent Developments Sharon Squassoni Specialist in National Defense Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspections since 2003 have revealed two decades worth of undeclared nuclear activities in Iran, including uranium enrichment and plutonium separation efforts. Iran agreed ...
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| Date March 8, 2007 |
Report No. RS22343 |
Title
Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The Cobell v. Norton litigation has been before the courts since 1996. Cobell is a class action lawsuit alleging federal government mismanagement of accounts held in trust for individual Indians. To date the litigation has not been able to secure from the Department of the Interior sufficient data in the form of an historical accounting to determine ...
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| Date March 7, 2007 |
Report No. RL32228 |
Title
Order Code RL32228 Proposed Savings Accounts: Economic and Budgetary Effects Updated March 7, 2007 Jane G. Gravelle Senior Specialist in Economic Policy Government and Finance Division Maxim Shvedov Analyst in Public Sector Economics Government and Finance Division Proposed Savings Accounts: Economic and Budgetary Effects Summary In various budget proposals, the President proposed to substitute ...
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| Date March 7, 2007 |
Report No. RL33190 |
Title
Order Code RL33190 The Direct Recording Electronic Voting Machine (DRE) Controversy: FAQs and Misperceptions Updated March 7, 2007 Eric A. Fischer Senior Specialist in Science and Technology Resources, Science, and Industry Division Kevin J. Coleman Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division The Direct Recording Electronic Voting Machine (DRE) Controversy: FAQs and ...
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| Date March 7, 2007 |
Report No. RL31720 |
Title
Order Code RL31720 Energy Policy: Conceptual Framework and Continuing Issues Updated March 7, 2007 Robert Bamberger Specialist in Energy Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Energy Policy: Conceptual Framework and Continuing Issues Summary Energy policy continues to be a major legislative issue, despite passage of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT, P.L. 109-58). Shortly after EPACT ...
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| Date March 7, 2007 |
Report No. RL33905 |
Title
Order Code RL33905 Senate Committee Expenditures Resolutions, 110th Congress, and Funding Authorizations, 104th - 110th Congresses March 7, 2007 R. Eric Petersen Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division Senate Committee Expenditures Resolutions, 110th Congress, and Funding Authorizations, 104th - 110th Congresses Summary All standing and select committees of the ...
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| Date March 7, 2007 |
Report No. RS22391 |
Title
Order Code RS22391 Updated March 7, 2007 U.S.-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement M. Angeles Villarreal Analyst in International Trade and Finance Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary On April 12, 2006, U.S. Trade Representative Rob Portman and Peruvian Minister of Foreign Trade and Tourism Alfredo Ferrero Diez Canseco signed the U.S.-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement (PTPA). On January 6, ...
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| Date March 7, 2007 |
Report No. RS22505 |
Title
Order Code RS22505 Updated March 7, 2007 Voter Identification and Citizenship Requirements: Overview and Issues Kevin J. Coleman Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division Eric A. Fischer Senior Specialist in Science and Technology Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary The Help America Vote Act of 2002 (HAVA, P.L. 107-252) requires that certain voters who ...
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| Date March 7, 2007 |
Report No. RS22284 |
Title
Order Code RS22284 Updated March 7, 2007 Daylight Saving Time Mark Gurevitz Information Research Specialist Knowledge Services Group Summary Daylight Saving Time (DST) is currently observed in the United States from 2:00 a.m. on the second Sunday in March until 2:00 a.m. on the first Sunday in November. The following states and territories do not observe DST: Arizona, Hawaii, American Samoa, ...
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| Date March 7, 2007 |
Report No. RS22426 |
Title
Order Code RS22426 Updated March 7, 2007 Federal Programs With Over $10 Billion in Outlays in FY2006 Philip D. Winters Analyst in Government Finance Government and Finance Division The government spent $2,655 billion in fiscal year 2006, the most recent fiscal year with complete budget data. Mandatory spending ($1,412 billion) accounted for 53.2% and discretionary spending ($1,017 billion) ...
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| Date March 6, 2007 |
Report No. RL33729 |
Title
Order Code RL33729 Federal Emergency Management Policy Changes After Hurricane Katrina: A Summary of Statutory Provisions Updated March 6, 2007 Keith Bea, Coordinator Specialist, American National Government Government and Finance Division Elaine Halchin, Henry Hogue, Frederick Kaiser, Natalie Love, Francis X. McCarthy, Shawn Reese, Barbara Schwemle Government and Finance Division Federal ...
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| Date March 6, 2007 |
Report No. RL33427 |
Title
Order Code RL33427 Military Construction, Military Quality of Life and Veterans Affairs: FY2007 Appropriations Updated March 6, 2007 Daniel H. Else Specialist in National Defense Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Christine Scott Specialist in Tax Economics Domestic Social Policy Division Sidath Viranga Panangala Analyst in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division The annual ...
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| Date March 6, 2007 |
Report No. RS22617 |
Title
Order Code RS22617 March 6, 2007 Supreme Court Decision in Jones v. Bock: Exhaustion Requirements under the Prison Litigation Reform Act Paul Starett Wallace, Jr. Specialist in American Public Law American Law Division Summary Congress passed the Prison Litigation Reform Act (PLRA) to help reduce the strain on the federal judicial system of extensive inmate litigation. The act mandated exhaustion ...
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| Date March 6, 2007 |
Report No. RS22423 |
Title
Order Code RS22423 Updated March 6, 2007 Immigration Statistics on the Web LaVonne M. Mangan Information Research Specialist Knowledge Services Group Summary As immigration legislation is considered by Congress, the need for accurate information relating to immigration and immigrants has increased. This report identifies selected websites that provide general and statistical information on ...
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| Date March 5, 2007 |
Report No. RL33897 |
Title
Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The U.S. population age 65 and older grew steadily through most of the last century. U.S. Census Bureau population projections to 2030 indicate that further and more dramatic growth is still to come. This increase is, in part, due to longer life expectancies and the aging of the baby boom generation. As the older population continues to increase in ...
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| Date March 2, 2007 |
Report No. RL32711 |
Title
Order Code RL32711 Homeland Security: Compendium of Recommendations Relevant to House Committee Organization and Analysis of Considerations for the House, and 109th and 110th Congresses Epilogue Updated March 2, 2007 Michael L. Koempel Senior Specialist in American National Government Government and Finance Division Homeland Security: Compendium of Recommendations Relevant to House Committee ...
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| Date March 1, 2007 |
Report No. RL33871 |
Title
Order Code RL33871 Foreign Countries Response to the Avian Influenza (H5N1) Virus: Current Status Updated March 1, 2007 Emma Chanlett-Avery, Coordinator Foreign Affairs, Defense and Trade Division Susan Chesser, Thomas Coipuram, Jr., Hannah Fischer, Hussein Hassan, Kim Klarman, George Mangan, Mari-Jana M-J Oboroceanu, Barbara Salazar Torreon Knowledge Services Group Foreign Countries Response to ...
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| Date March 1, 2007 |
Report No. RL32866 |
Title
Order Code RL32866 U.S. Assistance to the Former Soviet Union Updated March 1, 2007 Curt Tarnoff Specialist in Foreign Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division U.S. Assistance to the Former Soviet Union Summary Since 1992, the United States has provided more than $28 billion in assistance to the 12 states of the former Soviet Union (FSU). It continues to provide nearly $2 billion ...
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