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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RL32662 |
Title
Order Code RL32662 Democracy in Russia: Trends and Implications for U.S. Interests Updated January 23, 2007 Jim Nichol Specialist in Russian and Eurasian Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Democracy in Russia: Trends and Implications for U.S. Interests Summary U.S. attention has focused on Russia s fitful democratization since Russia emerged in 1991 from the collapse of the ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RL32867 |
Title
Order Code RL32867 Adult Education and Literacy: Overview and Reauthorization Proposals of the 109th Congress Updated January 23, 2007 Paul M. Irwin Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Adult Education and Literacy: Overview and Reauthorization Proposals of the 109th Congress Summary The 109th Congress considered but did not complete the reauthorization of federal adult ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RL33418 |
Title
Order Code RL33418 Welfare Reauthorization in the 109th Congress: An Overview Updated January 23, 2007 Gene Falk, Melinda Gish, and Carmen Solomon-Fears Specialists in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Welfare Reauthorization in the 109th Congress: An Overview Summary Enactment of the Deficit Reduction Act (DRA) of 2005 (P.L. 109-171, S. 1932) on February 8, 2006 concluded a four- ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RS22552 |
Title
Order Code RS22552 Updated January 23, 2007 Agricultural Issues in the 110th Congress Ralph M. Chite Specialist in Agricultural Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary A number of issues of interest to U.S. agriculture are expected to be addressed by the 110th Congress. At the top of the agenda, Congress will be considering the unfinished business of FY2007 funding levels for U.S. ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RL30750 |
Title
Order Code RL30750 Dietary Supplements: Ephedra Updated January 23, 2007 Donna V. Porter Specialist in Life Sciences Domestic Social Policy Division Dietary Supplements: Ephedra Summary Ephedrine is a natural constituent of the herb ephedra and a synthetic compound present in certain over-the-counter drug products. The herbal form, known as Ma Huang in China, has been used as a remedy for asthma. ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RL33491 |
Title
Order Code RL33491 Restructuring U.S. Foreign Aid: The Role of the Director of Foreign Assistance in Transformational Development Updated January 23, 2007 Connie Veillette Specialist in Foreign Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Restructuring U.S. Foreign Aid: The Role of the Director of Foreign Assistance in Transformational Development Summary The creation of a new State ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RL33694 |
Title
Order Code RL33694 Career and Technical Education: Appropriations Updated January 23, 2007 Rebecca R. Skinner and Richard N. Apling Specialists in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Career and Technical Education: Appropriations Summary The federal government provides support for career and technical education through the Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Improvement ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RL33788 |
Title
Order Code RL33788 Arts in Education: Background and Legislation Updated January 23, 2007 Susan Boren Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Arts in Education: Background and Legislation Summary The arts are considered a core academic subject as part of the core curriculum for K-12 education, according to the Goals 2000 panel and as defined in the Elementary and Secondary ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RL33559 |
Title
Order Code RL33559 Food Safety: National Uniformity for Food Act Updated January 23, 2007 Donna V. Porter Specialist in Life Sciences Domestic Social Policy Division Food Safety: National Uniformity for Food Act Summary For more than a century, national uniformity of food laws has been a longsought goal of the food industry. While early statutes tried to improve uniformity, state and local ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RS22480 |
Title
Order Code RS22480 Updated January 23, 2007 Dietary Supplement and Nonprescription Drug Consumer Protection Act (P.L.109-462) Donna V. Porter Specialist in Life Sciences Domestic Social Policy Division Summary A bipartisan bill, the Dietary Supplement and Nonprescription Drug Consumer Protection Act (S. 3546) was introduced on June 21, 2006, and became law (P.L.109462) on December 22, 2006. The ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RS21043 |
Title
Order Code RS21043 Updated January 23, 2007 Immigration: S Visas for Criminal and Terrorist Informants Karma Ester Technical Information Specialist Knowledge Services Group Summary In response to the terrorist acts of September 11, 2001, Congress passed legislation making permanent a provision that allows aliens with critical information on criminal or terrorist organizations to come into the ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RL32716 |
Title
Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) is the main federal program authorizing state and local aid for special education and related services for children with disabilities. On December 3, 2004, President Bush signed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (P.L. 108-446), a major reauthorization and revision of ...
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| Date Jan. 23, 2007 |
Report No. RS22310 |
Title
Hurricane Katrina: HIPAA Privacy and Electronic Health Records of Evacuees Gina Marie Stevens Legislative Attorney January 23, 2007 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov RS22310 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Hurricane Katrina: HIPAA Privacy and Electronic Health Records of Evacuees Summary Shortly after Hurricane Katrina, the federal government ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RL33144 |
Title
Order Code RL33144 WTO Doha Round: The Agricultural Negotiations Updated January 22, 2007 Charles E. Hanrahan and Randy Schnepf Senior Specialist and Specialist in Agricultural Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division WTO Doha Round: The Agricultural Negotiations Summary The pace of efforts to revive suspended World Trade Organization Doha Round trade negotiations has quickened as the July ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RL33821 |
Title
Order Code RL33821 U.S. Strategic and Defense Relationships in the Asia-Pacific Region January 22, 2007 Bruce Vaughn Analyst in Southeast and South Asian Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division U.S. Strategic and Defense Relationships in the Asia-Pacific Region Summary This report begins with a question. What changes in U.S. strategic and defense relationships in the Asia-Pacific ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RL33123 |
Title
Order Code RL33123 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Terrorist Capabilities for Cyberattack: Overview and Policy Issues Updated January 22, 2007 John Rollins Specialist in Terrorism and International Crime Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Clay Wilson Specialist in Technology and National Security Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RL30482 |
Title
Order Code RL30482 The Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Program: Background and Context Updated January 22, 2007 Edith Fairman Cooper Analyst in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division The Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities Program: Background and Context Summary The No Child Left Behind Act (P.L. 107-110), amended and reauthorized the Safe and Drug-Free Schools and ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RL30927 |
Title
Order Code RL30927 The Federal Minimum Wage: The Issue of Indexation Updated January 22, 2007 Gerald Mayer Economic Analyst Domestic Social Policy Division The Federal Minimum Wage: The Issue of Indexation Summary Periodically, Congress has considered proposals to index the federal minimum wage. Indexation would result in regular, automatic adjustments in the minimum wage, using changes in an ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RL32944 |
Title
Order Code RL32944 Health Insurance Coverage for Retirees Updated January 22, 2007 Hinda Chaikind Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Health Insurance Coverage for Retirees Summary Many retirees depend on their former employer for retirement health insurance, either as their sole source of coverage for those under age 65 or as a supplement to their Medicare coverage ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RL30653 |
Title
Order Code RL30653 The Employment of People with Disabilities: Federal Data Sources and Trends Updated January 22, 2007 Dennis M. Roth Specialist in Labor Economics Domestic Social Policy Division The Employment of People with Disabilities: Federal Data Sources and Trends Summary Congress has enacted major legislation related to the employment of individuals with disabilities. In 1938, the ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RS22573 |
Title
Order Code RS22573 January 22, 2007 The Postal Accountability and Enhancement Act Kevin R. Kosar Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division Summary President George W. Bush signed the Postal Enhancement and Accountability Act (P.L. 109-435) on December 20, 2006. This report briefly describes Congress s pursuit of postal reform, summarizes the major provisions of the ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RS20468 |
Title
Order Code RS20468 Updated January 22, 2007 Cuban Migration Policy and Issues Ruth Ellen Wasem Specialist in Immigration Policy Domestic Social Policy Division Summary Many of the issues surrounding Cuban migration are unique but not new. Normal immigration from Cuba has been elusive since Fidel Castro came to power. Over the past 40 years, the practice of Cubans fleeing by boat to the United ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RL33617 |
Title
Order Code RL33617 Historic Preservation: Background and Funding Updated January 22, 2007 Susan Boren Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Historic Preservation: Background and Funding Summary Historic preservation can be defined as the protection of cultural resources. It is supported through a variety of federal government, state government, and private programs. ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RS22356 |
Title
Order Code RS22356 Updated January 22, 2007 The Google Book Search Project: Is Online Indexing a Fair Use Under Copyright Law? Robin Jeweler Legislative Attorney American Law Division Summary Google, Inc. is digitally scanning the collections of several prominent libraries in order to create a vast searchable database of literary works. Copyright holders who have not authorized and object to the ...
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| Date Jan. 22, 2007 |
Report No. RS22282 |
Title
Order Code RS22282 Updated January 22, 2007 Katrina Relief: U.S. Labor Department Exemption of Contractors From Written Affirmative Action Requirements Jody Feder Legislative Attorney American Law Division Summary In September, 2005, the Employment Standards Administration (ESA) of the Department of Labor (DOL) issued a memorandum to all federal contracting agencies waiving for a three-month ...
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| Date Jan. 19, 2007 |
Report No. RL33281 |
Title
Order Code RL33281 Montgomery GI Bill Education Benefits: Analysis of College Prices and Federal Student Aid Under the Higher Education Act Updated January 19, 2007 Charmaine Mercer Analyst in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Rebecca R. Skinner Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Montgomery GI Bill Education Benefits: Analysis of College Prices and ...
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| Date Jan. 19, 2007 |
Report No. RL33808 |
Title
Order Code RL33808 Germany s Relations with Israel: Background and Implications for German Middle East Policy January 19, 2007 Paul Belkin Analyst in European Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense and Trade Germany s Relations with Israel: Background and Implications for German Middle East Policy Summary Most observers agree that moral considerations surrounding the Holocaust continue to compel German ...
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| Date Jan. 19, 2007 |
Report No. RL32247 |
Title
Order Code RL32247 DNA Testing for Law Enforcement: Legislative Issues for Congress Updated January 19, 2006 Nathan James Analyst in Social Policy Domestic Social Policy Division DNA Testing for Law Enforcement: Legislative Issues for Congress Summary The analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) evidence has been an important tool in law enforcement. DNA analysis has significantly changed the way ...
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| Date Jan. 19, 2007 |
Report No. RS21599 |
Title
Order Code RS21599 Updated October 17, 2006 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Brownfields Tax Incentive Extension Mark Reisch Analyst in Environmental Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary The brownfields tax incentive expired on December 31, 2005. Enacted in 1997, the provision allowed a taxpayer to fully deduct the costs of environmental cleanup in the year ...
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| Date Jan. 19, 2007 |
Report No. RL33570 |
Title
Order Code RL33570 U.S. External Debt: How Has the United States Borrowed Without Cost? Updated January 19, 2007 Craig K. Elwell Specialist in Macroeconomics Government and Finance Division U.S. External Debt: How Does the United States Borrow Without Cost? Summary Despite the huge increase in U.S. external debt, the investment income component of the current account has remained in surplus. The ...
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| Date Jan. 19, 2007 |
Report No. RS22246 |
Title
Order Code RS22246 Updated January 19, 2007 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF): Its Role in Response to the Effects of Hurricane Katrina Gene Falk Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Summary The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant provides grants to states to help them fund a wide variety of benefits and services to low-income ...
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| Date Jan. 19, 2007 |
Report No. RS21839 |
Title
Order Code RS21839 Updated January 19, 2007 Haitian Textile Industry: Impact of Proposed Trade Assistance Bernard A. Gelb Specialist in Industry Economics Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary Haiti suffers from extreme poverty, political unrest, insecurity, high illiteracy, and eroding natural resources, among other problems. These factors contribute to low levels of business ...
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| Date Jan. 19, 2007 |
Report No. RL32763 |
Title
Order Code RL32763 The Presidential Inauguration of 2005: Basic Facts and Information Updated January 19, 2007 Ryan Elliot Granger Information Research Specialist Knowledge Services Group The Presidential Inauguration of 2005: Basic Facts and Information Summary The most recent presidential inauguration took place January 20, 2005. This report provides the legislation, S.Con.Res. 2, concerning the ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RL33637 |
Title
Order Code RL33637 Electronic Surveillance Modernization Act, as Passed by the House of Representatives Updated January 18, 2007 Elizabeth B. Bazan Legislative Attorney American Law Division Electronic Surveillance Modernization Act, as Passed by the House of Representatives Summary After the New York Times reported that the National Security Agency (NSA) was conducting a secret Terrorist ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RL33459 |
Title
Order Code RL33459 Fishery, Aquaculture, and Marine Mammal Legislation in the 109th Congress Updated January 18, 2007 Eugene H. Buck Specialist in Natural Resources Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Fishery, Aquaculture, and Marine Mammal Legislation in the 109th Congress Summary Fish and marine mammals are important resources in open ocean and nearshore coastal areas; many federal ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RL33495 |
Title
Order Code RL33495 Integrating Medicare and Medicaid Services Through Managed Care Updated January 18, 2007 Julie Stone and Karen Tritz Specialists in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Integrating Medicare and Medicaid Services Through Managed Care Summary This report discusses efforts to improve the delivery of health and long-term care services for individuals who are dually ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RL33563 |
Title
Order Code RL33563 District of Columbia: Appropriations for 2007 Updated January 18, 2007 Eugene Boyd Analyst Government and Finance Division David P. Smole Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division The annual consideration of appropriations bills (regular, continuing, and supplemental) by Congress is part of a complex set of budget processes that also encompasses the ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RL33669 |
Title
Order Code RL33669 Terrorist Surveillance Act of 2006: S. 3931 and Title II of S. 3929, the Terrorist Tracking, Identification, and Prosecution Act of 2006 Updated January 18, 2007 Elizabeth B. Bazan Legislative Attorney American Law Division Terrorist Surveillance Act of 2006: S. 3931 and Title II of S. 3929, the Terrorist Tracking, Identification, and Prosecution Act of 2006 Summary In the wake ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RL32784 |
Title
Order Code RL32784 Predatory Lending: A Comparison of State Laws to the Federal Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act Updated January 18, 2007 Kamilah Holder Legislative Attorney American Law Division Kate M. Manuel Law Clerk American Law Division Predatory Lending: A Comparison of State Laws to the Federal Home Ownership and Equity Protection Act Summary Since the early 1990s, sub-prime ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RL33650 |
Title
Order Code RL33650 National Security Surveillance Act of 2006: S. 3886, Title II (S. 2453 as Reported Out of the Senate Judiciary Committee) Updated January 18, 2007 Elizabeth B. Bazan Legislative Attorney American Law Division National Security Surveillance Act of 2006: S. 3886, Title II (S. 2453 as Reported Out of the Senate Judiciary Committee) Summary In the wake of disclosures related to the ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RL32012 |
Title
Order Code RL32012 Animal Identification and Meat Traceability Updated January 18, 2007 Geoffrey S. Becker Specialist in Agricultural Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Animal Identification and Meat Traceability Summary Many animal producers support establishment of a nationwide identification (ID) system capable of quickly tracking animals from birth to slaughter. While they ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RL33474 |
Title
Order Code RL33474 Reauthorization of the National Transportation Safety Board Updated January 18, 2007 Bart Elias Specialist in Aviation Safety, Security, and Technology Resources, Science, and Industry Division Reauthorization of the National Transportation Safety Board Summary The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) is a small, independent agency with responsibility for investigating ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RS22553 |
Title
Order Code RS22553 Updated January 18, 2007 SCHIP Provisions of H.R. 6164 (NIH Reform Act of 2006) Chris L. Peterson Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Summary The State Children s Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) is a federal-state matching program providing health insurance to targeted low-income children (and some adults) in families with income above Medicaid ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RS22093 |
Title
Order Code RS22093 Updated January 18, 2007 The Iraqi Security Forces: The Challenge of Sectarian and Ethnic Influences Jeremy M. Sharp Middle East Policy Analyst Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary The Bush Administration has deemed the creation of an effective Iraqi fighting force that is representative of Iraqi society at large as key to stabilizing Iraq and expediting the ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RS22572 |
Title
Order Code RS22572 January 18, 2007 Turkmenistan s Political Succession: Developments and Implications Jim Nichol Specialist in Russian and Eurasian Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary This report discusses the political succession in Turkmenistan following the death of long-time authoritarian leader Saparamurad Niyazov in December 2006. Implications for Turkmenistan and ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RS22468 |
Title
Order Code RS22468 Updated January 18, 2007 Europe: Rising Economic Nationalism? Raymond J. Ahearn Specialist in International Trade and Finance Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Summary Several members of the European Union (EU) over the past two years have been erecting barriers to cross-border mergers and acquisitions, possibly in violation of their Single Market commitments. The main focus ...
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| Date Jan. 18, 2007 |
Report No. RS22562 |
Title
Order Code RS22562 Updated January 18, 2007 Russian Natural Gas: Regional Dependence Bernard A. Gelb Specialist in Industry Economics Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary Russia is the dominant natural gas supplier to Europe and neighboring former Soviet states, as well as a major provider of oil. Some countries are entirely or largely dependent upon Russian energy supplies, ...
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| Date Jan. 17, 2007 |
Report No. RL32996 |
Title
Order Code RL32996 Patent Reform: Innovation Issues Updated January 17, 2007 John R. Thomas Visiting Scholar Resources, Science, and Industry Division Wendy H. Schacht Specialist in Science and Technology Resources, Science, and Industry Division Patent Reform: Innovation Issues Summary Congressional interest in patent policy and possible patent reform has expanded as the importance of ...
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| Date Jan. 17, 2007 |
Report No. RL33762 |
Title
Order Code RL33762 Congress, the IMF, and Exchange Rate Reform: Legislative Proposals Updated January 17, 2007 Jonathan E. Sanford Specialist in International Political Economy Foreign Affairs, Defense and Trade Division Congress, the IMF, and Exchange Rate Reform: Legislative Proposals Summary In recent years, Congress has been increasingly concerned that other countries China, Japan, Taiwan and ...
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| Date Jan. 17, 2007 |
Report No. RL33806 |
Title
Order Code RL33806 Natural Resources Policy: Management, Institutions, and Issues January 17, 2007 Carol Hardy Vincent and Nicole T. Carter, Coordinators Resources, Science, and Industry Division Julie Jennings, Coordinator Knowledge Services Group Natural Resources Policy: Management, Institutions, and Issues Summary Natural resources management remains a significant issue for the federal ...
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