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| Date May 8, 2024 |
Report No. IF12655 |
Title
May 8, 2024 Federal Reserve s Discount Window: Policy Issues The failure of three large banks in the spring of 2023 put the discount window (DW) of the Federal Reserve (Fed) back in the spotlight. DW lending suddenly spiked, reaching an all-time high of $295.7 billion. This In Focus discusses policy issues raised by this episode. Congress has focused on the DW in its oversight capacity, as ...
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| Date May 8, 2024 |
Report No. IF12215 |
Title
Updated May 8, 2024 Pakistan: Human Rights Assessments Overview The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a federal parliamentary republic. As reported by the State Department s 2023 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices (also known as Human Rights Reports or HRRs), Pakistan is the site of numerous human rights abuses, many of them significant, some seen to be perpetrated by agents of the ...
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| Date May 7, 2024 |
Report No. R45525 |
Title
The 2018 Farm Bill (P.L. 115-334): Summary and Side-by-Side Comparison Updated May 7, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45525 SUMMARY The 2018 Farm Bill (P.L. 115-334): Summary and Side-by-Side Comparison Congress sets national food and agriculture policy through periodic omnibus farm bills that address a broad range of farm and food programs and policies. The ...
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| Date May 7, 2024 |
Report No. TE10100 |
Title
Statement of Ronald O'Rourke Specialist in Naval Affairs Before Committee on Homeland Security Subcommittee on Transportation and Maritime Security U.S. House of Representatives Hearing on Building the Fleet: Assessing the Department of Homeland Security s Role in the United States Coast Guard s Acquisitions Process May 7, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov TE10100 ...
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| Date May 7, 2024 |
Report No. R42755 |
Title
The Post-9/11 GI Bill: A Primer Updated May 7, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42755 The Post-9/11 GI Bill: A Primer Summary The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administers several educational assistance programs, most notably the GI Bills, that provide funds to or on behalf of veterans and servicemembers and their family members to facilitate their ...
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| Date May 7, 2024 |
Report No. IF10599 |
Title
Updated May 7, 2024 Defense Primer: Procurement Overview While procurement implies a process of obtaining goods or services, the word also refers to a specific title and to associated accounts within the annual National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) and Department of Defense Appropriations Act. Appropriations for Procurement The Department of Defense (DOD) procurement appropriations title ...
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| Date May 7, 2024 |
Report No. IF12020 |
Title
Updated May 7, 2024 Search and Rescue (SAR) Operations on Federal Lands Each year, thousands of visitors to federal lands require the assistance of search and rescue (SAR) services. SAR operations take place in a wide range of environments and conditions and can include brief searches of buildings; medical assistance on trails; or more significant multiday air-, water-, and land-based rescue ...
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| Date May 7, 2024 |
Report No. R48028 |
Title
Baltimore Bridge Collapse: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Updated May 7, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48028 Baltimore Bridge Collapse: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Who Owns and Controls the Ship? ...
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| Date May 7, 2024 |
Report No. IN12357 |
Title
INSIGHTi Panama: 2024 Elections and U.S. Interests May 7, 2024 On May 5, 2024, Panamanians elected Jos Ra l Mulino, the right-wing candidate of the Realizing Goals (RM) and Alliance parties, as their president. Mulino captured 34.3% of the vote, almost 10 points ahead of the second-place candidate (Figure 1). Panamanians also cast votes for all 71 seats of the unicameral National Assembly; results ...
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| Date May 7, 2024 |
Report No. IF12654 |
Title
May 7, 2024 IRS Direct File Program: An Overview The assessment and collection of federal taxes owed depend on the level of taxpayer compliance with tax laws and regulations. Two factors shaping this compliance are the cost and ease of preparing and filing a tax return. Electronic filing (e-filing) provides benefits to taxpayers and tax administrators like the IRS. The main benefits to taxpayers ...
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| Date May 6, 2024 |
Report No. R43414 |
Title
Older Americans Act: Overview and Funding Updated May 6, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R43414 Older Americans Act: Overview and Funding Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Older Americans Act: Current Law ...
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| Date May 6, 2024 |
Report No. R45699 |
Title
The Federal Communications Commission: Structure, Operations, and Budget Updated May 6, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45699 SUMMARY The Federal Communications Commission: Structure, Operations, and Budget The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent federal agency established by the Communications Act of 1934 (1934 Act, or Communications Act ...
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| Date May 6, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11160 |
Title
Legal Sidebar The Scope of ACA Section 1557: Health Program or Activity May 6, 2024 On May 6, 2024, the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS, or the Department) finalized a new rule under Section 1557 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). Section 1557 applies various antidiscrimination requirements to any health program or activity, any part of which receives federal ...
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| Date May 6, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11162 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Congressional Court Watcher: Recent Appellate Decisions of Interest to Lawmakers (April 29 May 5, 2024) May 6, 2024 The federal courts issue hundreds of decisions every week in cases involving diverse legal disputes. This Sidebar series selects decisions from the past week that may be of particular interest to federal lawmakers, focusing on orders and decisions of the Supreme Court ...
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| Date May 6, 2024 |
Report No. IF11854 |
Title
Updated May 6, 2024 Al Qaeda: Background, Current Status, and U.S. Policy Al Qaeda (AQ, alt. Al Qaida or Al Qa eda) is a transnational Sunni Islamist terrorist organization with a network of affiliates. The group rose to global prominence after perpetrating the September 11, 2001 attacks (9/11) in the United States. Since then, sustained counterterrorism (CT) efforts by the United States and its ...
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| Date May 6, 2024 |
Report No. IF12530 |
Title
Updated May 6, 2024 Older Americans Act: Summary in Brief Overview Title IV, Activities for Health, Independence, and The Older Americans Act (OAA; P.L. 89-73, as amended; 42 U.S.C. Ch. 35) supports a wide range of social and health-related services and programs for older adults, including supportive services (i.e., personal care, chore services, and transportation); congregate nutrition services ...
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| Date May 6, 2024 |
Report No. IN12355 |
Title
INSIGHTi North Korea-Russia Relations: Current Developments May 6, 2024 Since 2023, North Korea (officially known as the Democratic People s Republic of Korea, or DPRK) and the Russian Federation (Russia) have upgraded their partnership, a development that could potentially boost Russia s full-scale invasion of Ukraine and increase North Korea s military capabilities and its willingness to engage ...
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| Date May 6, 2024 |
Report No. IF12652 |
Title
May 6, 2024 U.S. International Climate Finance: FY2025 U.S. International Climate Finance Over the past several decades, to substantially varying degrees, the United States has delivered financial and technical assistance for climate change initiatives in the developing world through a variety of bilateral and multilateral channels, with appropriations enacted by Congress and implemented by the ...
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| Date May 6, 2024 |
Report No. IN11118 |
Title
INSIGHTi Army Corps of Engineers: Section 7001 Report on Future Studies and Projects Updated May 6, 2024 Congress specifically authorizes most of the water resource development studies, projects, and other assistance activities performed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), typically through Water Resources Development Acts (WRDAs). In 2014, amid congressional earmark moratorium policies ...
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| Date May 6, 2024 |
Report No. IF10328 |
Title
Updated May 6, 2024 The Islamic State: Background, Current Status, and U.S. Policy The Islamic State (IS) is a transnational Sunni Islamist insurgent and terrorist group. At its 2015 height, the group controlled large areas of Iraq and Syria from which it launched attacks in the region and beyond. While the group no longer controls territory outright in Syria and Iraq, U.S. military officials warn ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. R47678 |
Title
Comparing DHS Component Funding, FY2024: In Brief Updated May 3, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47678 Comparing DHS Component Funding, FY2024: In Brief Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 FY2024 DHS Appropriations Overview ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. R44838 |
Title
The Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017: Congressional Direction to NOAA in P.L. 115-25 Updated May 3, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44838 SUMMARY The Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017: Congressional Direction to NOAA in P.L. 115-25 R44838 May 3, 2024 Eva Lipiec Specialist in Natural Resource Policy Congress provides ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. IF12651 |
Title
May 3, 2024 Drug Offense Sentencing Relief Under the First Step Act and the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Congress may establish maximum penalties and mandatory minimum penalties for federal crimes. These statutory penalties form the outer bounds of permissible federal criminal sentences. Within these statutory limits, the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines establish sentencing ranges that federal judges ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. IF12024 |
Title
Updated May 3, 2024 Farm Bill Primer: Conservation Title The conservation title of a farm bill generally contains reauthorizations, amendments, and new programs that encourage farmers and ranchers to voluntarily implement resource-conserving practices on private land. Starting in 1985, farm bills broadened the conservation agenda to include addressing multiple natural resource concerns. Although ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11159 |
Title
Legal Sidebar The Federal Trade Commission s Non-Compete Rule May 3, 2024 On April 23, 2024, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) adopted a final rule prohibiting most employers from entering into or enforcing non-compete agreements with workers, subject to exceptions for the sale of a business and preexisting non-competes with senior executives. The rule implicates unsettled questions regarding the ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. R48057 |
Title
FY2024 NDAA Funding Authorizations and Legislative Activity: In Brief May 2, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48057 SUMMARY FY2024 NDAA Funding Authorizations and Legislative Activity: In Brief R48057 May 2, 2024 Brendan W. McGarry Specialist in U.S. Defense The National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) is authorization legislation typically Budget introduced ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. R48059 |
Title
Identifying Areas of Economic Distress: Examples and Considerations May 2, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48059 SUMMARY Identifying Areas of Economic Distress: Examples and Considerations For decades, Congress has used place-based policies to address regional socioeconomic disparities. Many recent federal economic development policies including rural ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. R44339 |
Title
Martin Luther King, Jr. Day Speech Resources: Fact Sheet Updated May 2, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44339 Martin Luther King, Jr. Day Speech Resources: Fact Sheet Introduction Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is a federal holiday observed annually on the third Monday in January. It celebrates the life and legacy of Martin Luther King, Jr. in honor of his ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. R48058 |
Title
No Surprises Act Independent Dispute Resolution (IDR) Process Data Analysis for the First Half of 2023 May 2, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48058 SUMMARY No Surprises Act Independent Dispute Resolution (IDR) Process Data Analysis for the First Half of 2023 R48058 May 2, 2024 Ryan J. Rosso Analyst in Health Care Financing The No Surprises Act (NSA), part of ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. IF10652 |
Title
Updated May 2, 2024 Career Programs for Veterans, Gold Star Families, and ActiveDuty Spouses in the House and Senate House Green & Gold Congressional Aide Program Origin In 2008, the leadership of the House of Representatives and the Committee on House Administration established a House aide program designed to provide career opportunities for veterans. The program was originally known as the ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. R48061 |
Title
Criminal Justice Data: Organized Retail Crime May 2, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48061 SUMMARY Criminal Justice Data: Organized Retail Crime Retailers and retail industry advocacy groups have expressed concern about what they see as a general increase in retail crime, and more specifically an increase in organized retail crime (ORC). Reports of incidents ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. IF12270 |
Title
Updated May 2, 2024 The Federal Status of Marijuana and the Policy Gap with States Marijuana is a psychoactive drug that generally consists of leaves and flowers of the cannabis sativa plant. Marijuana is a Schedule I controlled substance under the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA; 21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), and thus is strictly regulated by federal authorities. In contrast, over the last ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. R48056 |
Title
Department of Veterans Affairs FY2024 Appropriations May 1, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48056 SUMMARY Department of Veterans Affairs FY2024 Appropriations The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administers numerous programs that provide benefits and services to eligible veterans and their families. These benefits include medical care, disability ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. R46991 |
Title
Economic Development Administration: An Overview of Programs and Appropriations (FY2011-FY2024) Updated May 1, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46991 SUMMARY Economic Development Administration: An Overview of Programs and Appropriations (FY2011-FY2024) R46991 May 1, 2024 Julie M. Lawhorn Analyst in Economic Development Policy The Economic Development ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IF11243 |
Title
Updated May 1, 2024 Defense Primer: DOD Transfer and Reprogramming Authorities In provisions of the United States Code (U.S.C.) and annual authorization and appropriations acts, Congress provides the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) limited authorities to obligate funds for purposes other than originally approved, or in a manner that otherwise diverges from congressional expectations. These ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. TE10101 |
Title
Statement of Michael Ratner Specialist in Energy Policy Before Committee on the Budget U.S. Senate Hearing on Denial, Disinformation, and Doublespeak: Big Oil s Evolving Efforts to Avoid Accountability for Climate Change May 1, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov TE10101 Congressional Research Service 1 Chairman Whitehouse, Ranking Member Grassley, Members of the ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IN11510 |
Title
INSIGHTi Lying in State or Honor in the U.S. Capitol by Non-Members of Congress Updated May 1, 2024 On April 29, 2024, Colonel Ralph Puckett, Jr., the last surviving Medal of Honor recipient from the Korean War, lay in honor in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda. In a press release, House Speaker Mike Johnson and Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer announced that The extraordinary valor of Colonel Ralph ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IN12304 |
Title
INSIGHTi Revisions to Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity Updated May 1, 2024 The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) oversees the collection of race and ethnicity data through Statistical Policy Directive (SPD) No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IN12353 |
Title
INSIGHTi Discretionary Spending: Setting a Topline Amount for FY2025 Appropriations May 1, 2024 Each year, Congress produces appropriations legislation that provides discretionary funding for a broad range of government activities. The House and Senate Appropriations Committees have jurisdiction over such legislation, with each of their 12 respective subcommittees responsible for developing one ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11105 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Legal Consequences of Rescheduling Marijuana Updated May 1, 2024 On April 30, 2024, news outlets reported that the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) planned to move marijuana from Schedule I to Schedule III under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). The planned change followed an August 2023 recommendation from the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) that DEA ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IF12644 |
Title
Updated May 1, 2024 Patent Listing in FDA s Orange Book For over 40 years, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has maintained a resource formally titled Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations. This frequently updated publication now available as a searchable online database is more commonly called the Orange Book after the color of the print version s cover. ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IF11314 |
Title
Updated May 1, 2024 USMCA: Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) The United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) is a comprehensive free trade agreement (FTA) that entered into force among the three countries in 2020. It updated and replaced the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Chapter 20 of USMCA contains rules to protect and enforce intellectual property rights (IPR). Congress ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IF12523 |
Title
Updated May 1, 2024 Repatriation of Native American Remains and Cultural Items: Requirements for Agencies and Institutions Some federal agencies, museums, and other institutions have, over time, acquired human remains and cultural items related to the Indigenous peoples who originally inhabited the United States. Congress has mandated the return or repatriation of some of these remains and ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. R48054 |
Title
State of the U.S. Economy: Policy Issues in the 118th Congress April 30, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48054 SUMMARY State of the U.S. Economy: Policy Issues in the 118th Congress The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic caused the most severe shock to the U.S. economy since the Great Depression, with a 28% annualized quarterly decline in output and a 14.7% ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. RL30787 |
Title
Parliamentary Reference Sources: House of Representatives Updated April 30, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL30787 SUMMARY Parliamentary Reference Sources: House of Representatives House procedures are based not only on the rules the chamber adopts at the start of each Congress but also on constitutional mandates, published precedents, rulemaking statutes, ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. TE10099 |
Title
Statement of Bryce H. P. Mendez Specialist in Defense Health Care Policy Before Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on Personnel U.S. Senate Hearing on Department of Defense s efforts to ensure servicemembers access to safe, high-quality pharmaceuticals April 30, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov TE10099 Congressional Research Service 1 Introduction Chair ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. IF12648 |
Title
April 30, 2024 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: FY2025 Appropriations Congress generally funds the civil works activities of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in annual Energy and Water Development appropriations acts. These activities include the planning and construction of authorized water resource projects and the operation and maintenance (O&M) of infrastructure and navigation ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. IF12649 |
Title
April 30, 2024 Risks to the 2024 Economic Outlook The economy in 2023 was characterized by high but falling inflation, a tight labor market, and moderate to high growth. Many economists predicted that monetary policy tightening by the Federal Reserve (Fed) would result in a recession in 2023, but that did not come to pass. While inflation is still not back down to the Fed s target, and the path of ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. IN12352 |
Title
INSIGHTi Establishing Data Standards and Measuring Building Use: Select Provisions of the Telework Transparency Act of 2024 (S. 4043) April 30, 2024 On March 21, 2024, Senator Gary Peters introduced the Telework Transparency Act of 2024 (S. 4043). The bill, cosponsored by Senator Joni Ernst, was referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs on the same day, and no ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. IF11329 |
Title
Updated April 30, 2024 American Battlefield Protection Program The American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP; 54 U.S.C. 308101-308105) is a grant program administered by the National Park Service (NPS) aimed at promoting the preservation of sites where historic battles were fought on American soil (54 U.S.C. 308101 note). Initiated by the Secretary of the Interior in 1991, the program was ...
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