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| Date May 21, 2024 |
Report No. R47624 |
Title
Legislative Branch: FY2024 Appropriations Updated May 21, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47624 SUMMARY Legislative Branch: FY2024 Appropriations The legislative branch appropriations bill provides funding for the Senate; House of Representatives; Joint Items; Capitol Police; Office of Congressional Workplace Rights; Congressional Budget Office (CBO); Architect ...
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| Date May 21, 2024 |
Report No. R47337 |
Title
Military Memorials, Monuments, and Museums: Selected Resources for Federal, State, and Local Funding Updated May 21, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47337 SUMMARY Military Memorials, Monuments, and Museums: Selected Resources for Federal, State, and Local Funding R47337 May 21, 2024 Carly A. Miller Research Librarian This report provides selected resources to ...
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| Date May 21, 2024 |
Report No. R48074 |
Title
DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2025 May 21, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48074 SUMMARY DHS Budget Request Analysis: FY2025 On March 11, 2024, President Joe Biden s Administration released its budget request for FY2025, including $107.74 billion in total non-contingent budget authority for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). DHS is the third largest ...
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| Date May 21, 2024 |
Report No. R42672 |
Title
The Crime Victims Fund (CVF): Federal Support for Victims of Crime Updated May 21, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42672 SUMMARY The Crime Victims Fund (CVF): Federal Support for Victims of Crime R42672 May 21, 2024 Lisa N. Sacco Analyst in Illicit Drugs and In 1984, the Crime Victims Fund (CVF, or the Fund) was established by the Victims of Crime Crime Policy ...
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| Date May 21, 2024 |
Report No. R47599 |
Title
AUKUS Pillar 2 (Advanced Capabilities): Background and Issues for Congress Updated May 21, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47599 SUMMARY AUKUS Pillar 2 (Advanced Capabilities): Background and Issues for Congress AUKUS Pillar 2 refers to a suite of cooperative activities conducted by the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia to develop and field ...
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| Date May 21, 2024 |
Report No. IF11626 |
Title
Updated May 21, 2024 The Armed Forces Retirement Home Since the late 1700s, Congress has established numerous federal programs to provide housing, housing assistance, and health care support to certain wounded, ill, or injured servicemembers, military retirees, and other veterans. Some of those programs included the establishment of military asylums for temporarily or permanently disabled ...
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| Date May 21, 2024 |
Report No. IF11755 |
Title
Updated May 21, 2024 The Marine Corps Amphibious Combat Vehicle (ACV) Background The Marine Corps describes the Amphibious Combat Vehicle (ACV) as The Corps next-generation vehicle designed to move Marines from ship to shore (Figure 1). Designed to replace the Corps aging Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAV), which has been in service since 1972, the ACV will be the primary means of tactical mobility ...
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| Date May 21, 2024 |
Report No. IN12365 |
Title
INSIGHTi Iran s President Dies in Helicopter Crash May 21, 2024 On May 19, 2024, Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi, Foreign Minister Hossein Amir-Abdollahian, and several other officials were killed when their helicopter crashed amid bad weather in mountainous northwestern Iran. Raisi s death comes at a particularly tense moment for the Iranian government, which last month launched its first-ever ...
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| Date May 21, 2024 |
Report No. IF11725 |
Title
Updated May 21, 2024 Bulgaria: An Overview After decades of single-party communist rule and a difficult transition period in the 1990s, Bulgaria joined NATO in 2004 and the European Union (EU) in 2007. Bulgaria s Black Sea location and NATO and EU memberships make it an important U.S. partner. Members of Congress may monitor several issues in Bulgaria with implications for the U.S.-Bulgaria ...
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| Date May 21, 2024 |
Report No. IF12387 |
Title
Updated May 21, 2024 EPA s Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF) On August 16, 2022, President Biden signed H.R. 5376 (P.L. 117-169), a budget reconciliation measure commonly referred to as the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (IRA). IRA contains eight titles, each with some provisions that directly or indirectly address issues related to climate change, including the reduction of U.S. greenhouse ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. R48073 |
Title
HUD s Consolidated Planning Process: An Overview May 20, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48073 HUD s Consolidated Planning Process: An Overview HUD s Consolidated Planning Process: An Overview The Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Office of Community Planning and Development (CPD) administers several formula grant programs that provide funds to ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. R48071 |
Title
The Agricultural Cooperative Extension System: An Overview May 20, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48071 SUMMARY The Agricultural Cooperative Extension System: An Overview The Smith-Lever Act of 1914 (7 U.S.C. 341 et. seq.) established the Agricultural Cooperative Extension System (CES), or simply extension, which delivers research-based knowledge to farmers, ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. R48069 |
Title
Overview of the National Estuary Program (NEP) May 20, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48069 SUMMARY Overview of the National Estuary Program (NEP) R48069 May 20, 2024 Laura Gatz Specialist in Environmental Estuaries coastal waterbodies where freshwater from rivers and streams mixes with the ocean s Policy saltwater are among the world s most productive ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11167 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Congressional Court Watcher: Recent Appellate Decisions of Interest to Lawmakers (May 13 May 19, 2024) May 20, 2024 The federal courts issue hundreds of decisions every week in cases involving diverse legal disputes. This Sidebar series selects decisions from the past week that may be of particular interest to federal lawmakers, focusing on orders and decisions of the Supreme Court ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. IF12517 |
Title
Updated May 20, 2024 U.S.-Japan Critical Minerals Agreement On March 28, 2023, the United States and Japan signed a critical minerals agreement (CMA) covering five key minerals related to the production of batteries for clean vehicles (commonly referred to as electric vehicles or EVs ). The U.S.-Japan CMA entered into force immediately upon signature. The CMA seeks to address Japan s concerns ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. IN12364 |
Title
INSIGHTi A Brief Summary of the Telework Transparency Act of 2024 (S. 4043) May 20, 2024 On March 21, 2024, Senators Gary Peters and Joni Ernst introduced the Telework Transparency Act of 2024 (S. 4043). The Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs discussed the bill at a May 15, 2024, markup and continues to consider it. As discussed in this Insight, S. 4043 includes ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. IF12669 |
Title
May 20, 2024 The Terrorist Watchlist The Terrorist Screening Dataset (TSDS), more commonly referred to as the Terrorist Watchlist (or the Watchlist) and formerly known as the Terrorist Screening Database, is the U.S. government s consolidated dataset containing sensitive, but not classified, law enforcement and national security information regarding those who are known to be or are reasonably ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. IN12363 |
Title
INSIGHTi Removal of Inspectors General: The First Tests of New Statutory Requirements May 20, 2024 In the past two months, President Biden has twice exercised his authority to change the leadership of inspector general (IG) offices by notifying Congress of his intent to remove the IG for the Railroad Retirement Board (RRB) and replacing the acting IG for the Department of Commerce. These are the ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. IF12670 |
Title
May 20, 2024 Tokenized Assets Tokenization refers to a form of digitized finance in which real-world assets (RWAs) financial assets such as securities, bank deposits, and real estate are recorded and traded on a programmable platform, such as a blockchain. The term has become a byword for how discussions about blockchains have shifted from cryptocurrency one of their primary uses to other ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. IF12525 |
Title
Updated May 20, 2024 The IRS Technology Modernization Program: An Overview The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) collects 95% of the funds needed to operate federal government programs and agencies. In FY2023, the agency collected $4.7 trillion in gross revenues, processed 272 million tax returns and other forms, and issued $659 billion in refunds. The IRS s information technology (IT) systems are ...
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| Date May 20, 2024 |
Report No. IF10228 |
Title
Updated May 20, 2024 U.S.-Singapore Relations Overview With a land area about three times that of Washington, DC, and a population of 5.9 million, the city-state of Singapore has long punched above its weight diplomatically. Its stable government, strong economy, educated citizenry, and strategic setting along key shipping lanes afford it considerable leverage and a prominent role in regional and ...
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| Date May 17, 2024 |
Report No. R48067 |
Title
Attacks on Ukraine s Electric Grid: Insights for U.S. Infrastructure Security and Resilience May 17, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48067 SUMMARY Attacks on Ukraine s Electric Grid: Insights for U.S. Infrastructure Security and Resilience R48067 May 17, 2024 Brian E. Humphreys Analyst in Science and Russia has conducted a deliberate campaign to destroy ...
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| Date May 17, 2024 |
Report No. R48068 |
Title
The Rights of Students with Disabilities Under the IDEA, Section 504, and the ADA May 17, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48068 SUMMARY The Rights of Students with Disabilities Under the IDEA, Section 504, and the ADA R48068 May 17, 2024 Abigail A. Graber Legislative Attorney The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Section 504 of the ...
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| Date May 17, 2024 |
Report No. IF10161 |
Title
Updated May 17, 2024 International Trade and Jobs The 118th Congress is engaged in a range of legislative and oversight activities related to trade. The impact of trade agreements on U.S. jobs has been a key, long-standing policy consideration for Members of Congress. There is broad consensus among economists that, in the aggregate, the economic benefits of trade, such as lower prices and a ...
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| Date May 17, 2024 |
Report No. IF12542 |
Title
Updated May 17, 2024 Offshore Energy Agency Appropriations, FY2024 Three entities in the Department of the Interior (DOI) share responsibility for managing the nation s ocean energy resources on almost 2.5 billion acres of the U.S. outer continental shelf (OCS). The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) administers offshore energy leasing and mineral development; the Bureau of Safety and ...
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| Date May 17, 2024 |
Report No. IN12223 |
Title
INSIGHTi An Overview of H.R. 4763, Financial Innovation and Technology for the 21st Century Act Updated May 17, 2024 On Friday May 10, the House Committee on Rules publicly noticed its intent to consider H.R. 4763, the Financial Innovation and Technology for the 21st Century Act (FIT21), which could lead to a floor vote later this month. The bill, as amended, would introduce significant changes to ...
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| Date May 17, 2024 |
Report No. IF12415 |
Title
Updated May 17, 2024 CFIUS Executive Order on Evolving National Security Risks and CFIUS Enforcement Guidelines On September 15, 2022, the Biden Administration issued the first-ever presidential directive defining additional national security factors for the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) to consider in evaluating foreign investment transactions. Executive Order 14083 ...
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| Date May 17, 2024 |
Report No. IG10053 |
Title
Seabed Mining in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone May 17, 2024 Author Information Caitlin Keating-Bitonti Analyst in Natural Resources Policy Emma Kaboli Analyst in Energy Policy Corrie E. Clark Specialist in Energy Policy Disclaimer This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It ...
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| Date May 16, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11165 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Disrupting Botnets: An Overview of Seizure Warrants and Other Legal Tools May 16, 2024 In January and February 2024, the Department of Justice (DOJ) announced the disruption of two different foreign-state-sponsored botnets. The term botnet is a portmanteau of robot and network. It generally refers to a network of computers and computerized devices infected with malware (i.e., ...
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| Date May 16, 2024 |
Report No. IF10767 |
Title
Updated May 16, 2024 Farm Credit Administration and Its Board Members Overview Congress oversees the Farm Credit Administration (FCA), which is the federal financial regulator responsible for ensuring the safety and soundness of Farm Credit System (FCS) institutions and the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation (Farmer Mac). FCA is directed by a threemember board of directors nominated by the ...
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| Date May 16, 2024 |
Report No. IN12362 |
Title
INSIGHTi Regulation of Data Brokers: Executive Order 14117 on Preventing Access to Americans Sensitive Data by Countries of Concern May 16, 2024 In February 2024, the Biden Administration issued Executive Order (E.O.) 14117 Preventing Access to Americans Bulk Sensitive Personal Data and United States Government-Related Data by Countries of Concern. E.O. 14117 authorizes the Attorney General, in ...
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| Date May 16, 2024 |
Report No. IF11735 |
Title
Updated May 16, 2024 China s One Belt, One Road Initiative: Economic Issues The People s Republic of China (PRC or China) in 2013 launched an ambitious and multifaceted foreign economic policy initiative One Belt, One Road to expand China s global economic reach and influence. In 2015, China s leaders changed the English name to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), possibly to deflect from the ...
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| Date May 15, 2024 |
Report No. R47553 |
Title
Energy and Water Development: FY2024 Appropriations Updated May 15, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47553 SUMMARY R47553 Energy and Water Development: FY2024 Appropriations May 15, 2024 The Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies appropriations (E&W) bill funds civil works activities of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in the Department of ...
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| Date May 15, 2024 |
Report No. R48066 |
Title
The Role of Earmarks in SRF Appropriations in the 118th Congress May 15, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48066 SUMMARY The Role of Earmarks in SRF Appropriations in the 118th Congress R48066 May 15, 2024 Elena H. Humphreys Analyst in Environmental The condition of the nation s drinking water and wastewater systems continues to garner Policy congressional ...
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| Date May 15, 2024 |
Report No. R47688 |
Title
Department of Homeland Security Appropriations: FY2024 State of Play Updated May 15, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47688 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations: FY2024 State of Play Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Quick Summary ...
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| Date May 15, 2024 |
Report No. IF12437 |
Title
Updated May 15, 2024 Bureau of Reclamation Funding in the Inflation Reduction Act (P.L. 117-169) In August 2022, Congress enacted P.L. 117-169, popularly known as the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA). Among its funding provisions, the law provided approximately $4.6 billion in mandatory appropriations for four new authorities of the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation, part of the Department of the ...
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| Date May 15, 2024 |
Report No. IN12358 |
Title
INSIGHTi Potential Disapproval of SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 121 Under the Congressional Review Act May 15, 2024 A growing number of firms are providing platforms for crypto transactions, which has prompted the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to consider how crypto exposures should be treated. Many of these firms safeguard the platform users crypto assets and maintain crypto keys ...
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| Date May 15, 2024 |
Report No. IF12653 |
Title
Updated May 15, 2024 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Dairy Herds The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) confirmed a strain (H5N1) of highly pathogenic avian Influenza A virus (HPAI) in dairy herds in Texas and Kansas on March 25, 2024. To date, HPAI has been confirmed in 42 dairy herds in ...
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| Date May 15, 2024 |
Report No. IF12636 |
Title
Updated May 15, 2024 Nuclear Energy in a Climate Change Context: Current Appropriations for Nuclear Energy Development The potential role of nuclear energy in mitigating climate change has been a significant element of recent congressional discussions about energy and environmental policy. For example, Senate Environment and Public Works Committee Chairman Tom Carper at a committee hearing in ...
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| Date May 14, 2024 |
Report No. R45997 |
Title
Federal Regional Commissions and Authorities: Structural Features and Function Updated May 14, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45997 SUMMARY Federal Regional Commissions and Authorities: Structural Features and Function This report describes the structure, activities, legislative history, and funding history of the eight federal regional commissions and ...
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| Date May 14, 2024 |
Report No. R48023 |
Title
TikTok: Frequently Asked Questions and Issues for Congress Updated May 14, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48023 SUMMARY TikTok: Frequently Asked Questions and Issues for Congress Since 2018, the social media application TikTok, developed and owned by ByteDance Ltd. (ByteDance), has become one of the most popular social media platforms in the United States, and ...
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| Date May 14, 2024 |
Report No. R45576 |
Title
An Overview of Small Business Contracting Updated May 14, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45576 SUMMARY An Overview of Small Business Contracting Congress has broad authority to impact the federal procurement process and how agencies purchase goods and services from private sector firms. One way in which Congress has exercised this authority is by adopting ...
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| Date May 14, 2024 |
Report No. IF10523 |
Title
Updated May 14, 2024 Defense Primer: Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security The Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security (USD(I&S)) is a civilian official, appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate, who reports directly to the Secretary of Defense. The USD(I&S) is the Principal Staff Assistant and advisor to the Secretary and Deputy Secretary of ...
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| Date May 14, 2024 |
Report No. R47750 |
Title
Trade-Related Agencies: FY2024 Appropriations, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) Updated May 14, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47750 SUMMARY Trade-Related Agencies: FY2024 Appropriations, Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) R47750 May 14, 2024 Keigh E. Hammond Senior Research Librarian This report provides an overview ...
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| Date May 14, 2024 |
Report No. IN12018 |
Title
INSIGHTi Federal Small Business Contracting Goals Updated May 14, 2024 Origins Since 1988, the federal government has maintained annual goals for small and small disadvantaged business participation in federal contracting. At that time, Congress required that small businesses receive not less than 20 percent of the total value of all prime contract awards for each fiscal year and that small ...
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| Date May 14, 2024 |
Report No. IN12360 |
Title
INSIGHTi Russia s War in Ukraine: Status Update May 14, 2024 Overview As Russia s war in Ukraine enters its third year, both Ukraine and Russia continue to battle for territory along the 600-mile front line. At various points in the conflict, the advantage has shifted between Ukraine and Russia, but since the beginning of 2024 Russian forces have made territorial gains, prompting some analysts to ...
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| Date May 14, 2024 |
Report No. IN12359 |
Title
INSIGHTi U.S. Review of an Arms Sale to Israel: Issues for Congress May 14, 2024 Overview In May 2024, U.S. officials confirmed reports that the Biden Administration is reviewing some near-term security assistance for Israel and has paused a shipment of 2,000-pound bombs and 500-pound bombs based on concern about their potential use in the city of Rafah, Gaza. The Administration s action comes ...
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| Date May 14, 2024 |
Report No. LSB10482 |
Title
Legal Sidebari State Marijuana Legalization and Federal Drug Law: A Brief Overview for Congress Updated May 14, 2024 State marijuana laws have changed significantly in recent years, and federal law appears poised to change in the coming months. At the state level, many states have enacted laws authorizing the use of marijuana for medical purposes. A smaller but growing number of states have also ...
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| Date May 14, 2024 |
Report No. IN12377 |
Title
INSIGHTi Proposed Transfer of Space Aligned National Guard Units May 14, 2024 On March 29, 2024, the Secretary of the Air Force (SECAF) submitted a legislative proposal (LP480) asking Congress to allow transfer of covered space functions of the Air National Guard (ANG) to the U.S. Space Force (USSF) and waive 32 U.S.C. 104(c) and 10 U.S.C. 18238, which generally require state governors to approve ...
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| Date May 13, 2024 |
Report No. R42035 |
Title
Social Security Primer Updated May 13, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42035 SUMMARY Social Security Primer Social Security provides monthly cash benefits to retired or disabled workers and their family members, and to the family members of deceased workers. Among the beneficiary population, 85.9% are retired or disabled workers; family members of retired, ...
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