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Report No.
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| Date July 26, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10056 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Facing the FACT Act: Abortion and Free Speech (Part II) Updated July 26, 2019 Update: For a discussion of the Supreme Court s June 26, 2018 decision in NIFLA v. Becerra holding that the FACT Act likely violated the First Amendment, see CRS Report R45316, Supreme Court October Term 2017: A Review of Selected Major Rulings, coordinated by Andrew Nolan. On October 26, 2018, the parties ...
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| Date July 26, 2019 |
Report No. IF11275 |
Title
July 26, 2019 Military Installations and Sea-Level Rise The Department of Defense (DOD) manages more than 1,700 military installations in worldwide coastal areas that may be affected by sea-level rise. These installations support DOD readiness and operations including naval vessel embarkation and disembarkation, amphibious training, and special operations forces training. Military installations on ...
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| Date July 26, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10055 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Facing the FACT Act: Abortion and Free Speech (Part I) Updated July 26, 2019 Update: For a discussion of the Supreme Court s June 26, 2018 decision in NIFLA v. Becerra holding that the FACT Act likely violated the First Amendment, see CRS Report R45316, Supreme Court October Term 2017: A Review of Selected Major Rulings, coordinated by Andrew Nolan. On October 26, 2018, the parties ...
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| Date July 26, 2019 |
Report No. IF11273 |
Title
July 26, 2019 Military Health System Reform The Department of Defense (DOD) administers a statutory health entitlement (under Chapter 55 of Title 10) through the Military Health System (MHS). The MHS offers health care benefits and services to approximately 9.6 million beneficiaries composed of servicemembers, military retirees, and family members. Health care services are available through DOD- ...
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| Date July 25, 2019 |
Report No. RL31734 |
Title
Federal Disaster Assistance Response and Recovery Programs: Brief Summaries Maria Kreiser Senior Research Librarian Maura Mullins Research Librarian Jared C. Nagel Senior Research Librarian Updated July 25, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov RL31734 Federal Disaster Assistance Response and Recovery Programs: Brief Summaries Summary This report is designed to assist Members of ...
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| Date July 25, 2019 |
Report No. R45260 |
Title
Ghana: Current Issues and U.S. Relations in Brief Nicolas Cook Specialist in African Affairs Updated July 25, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45260 SUMMARY Ghana: Current Issues and U.S. Relations in Brief Ghana, a country of 28 million people on West Africa s Atlantic coast, faces diverse development challenges, but has built a robust democracy notable for consistent ...
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| Date July 25, 2019 |
Report No. R45832 |
Title
Department of Defense Energy Management: Background and Issues for Congress July 25, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45832 SUMMARY Department of Defense Energy Management: Background and Issues for Congress R45832 July 25, 2019 Heather L. Greenley The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) consumes more energy than any other federal agency Analyst in Energy Policy 77 ...
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| Date July 25, 2019 |
Report No. R45828 |
Title
Overview of Recent Administrative Reforms of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac Darryl E. Getter Specialist in Financial Economics July 25, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45828 SUMMARY Overview of Recent Administrative Reforms of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac R45828 July 25, 2019 Darryl E. Getter Congress chartered Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, also known collectively as the ...
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| Date July 25, 2019 |
Report No. IF11100 |
Title
Updated July 25, 2019 Ebola Outbreak: Democratic Republic of Congo Through annual appropriations, Congress provides funds to control infectious disease threats like Ebola. In FY2019, Congress provided $100 million to the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and $108.2 million to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to global health security and pandemic ...
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| Date July 25, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10335 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Achieving Balance: Which Cases Belong in Which Courts? Kevin M. Lewis, Coordinator Legislative Attorney Liberty Sacker Research Associate July 25, 2019 Subject to certain limitations, Congress retains the freedom to regulate the jurisdiction of the federal courts. While Article III, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution sets outer limits to how far the federal courts jurisdiction can ...
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| Date July 24, 2019 |
Report No. R45826 |
Title
Congressional Commissions: Funding and Expenditures William T. Egar Analyst in American National Government July 24, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45826 SUMMARY Congressional Commissions: Funding and Expenditures R45826 July 24, 2019 William T. Egar Congressional commissions have been established for a variety of purposes, and can help serve a Analyst in American National ...
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| Date July 24, 2019 |
Report No. TE10036 |
Title
Statement of Jane G. Gravelle Senior Specialist in Economic Policy Before Committee on Small Business U.S. House of Representatives Hearing on Is the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act a Help or Hindrance to Main Street? July 24, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov TE10036 Congressional Research Service 1 Introduction Madame Chairwoman and Members of the Committee. Thank you for ...
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| Date July 22, 2019 |
Report No. 96-548 |
Title
The Legislative Process on the Senate Floor: An Introduction Valerie Heitshusen Specialist on Congress and the Legislative Process Updated July 22, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov 96-548 The Legislative Process on the Senate Floor: An Introduction Summary The standing rules of the Senate promote deliberation by permitting Senators to debate at length and by precluding a ...
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| Date July 22, 2019 |
Report No. RL34306 |
Title
Vulnerable Youth: Federal Mentoring Programs and Issues Adrienne L. Fernandes-Alcantara Specialist in Social Policy Updated July 22, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov RL34306 Vulnerable Youth: Federal Mentoring Programs and Issues Summary Youth mentoring refers to a relationship between youth particularly those most at risk of experiencing negative outcomes in adolescence and ...
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| Date July 22, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10333 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Robocall Regulation and Judicial Review July 22, 2019 Robocalls calls placed using an automatic telephone dialing system or an artificial or prerecorded voice continue to be one of the most common consumer complaints received by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Generally, it is illegal under the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) to place robocalls to consumers ...
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| Date July 22, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10334 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Mom s Prenatal Drug Abuse Sustains Federal Manslaughter Indictment in Newborn s Death M. Maureen Murphy Legislative Attorney July 22, 2019 What Happened United States v. Flute involves a rare federal manslaughter prosecution based on the death of a newborn caused by a mother s prenatal negligence. The indictment charging manslaughter by an Indian in Indian country in violation of 18 ...
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| Date July 19, 2019 |
Report No. IN11146 |
Title
INSIGHTi BB&T and SunTrust: Merger Approval Process and Trends July 19, 2019 BB&T and SunTrust have proposed a merger that could form the eighth-largest bank holding company (BHC) by assets in the United States (see CRS Insight IN11062, BB&T and SunTrust: The Latest Proposed Merger in a Long-Term Trend of Banking Industry Consolidation). This has focused congressional attention on bank mergers. ...
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| Date July 19, 2019 |
Report No. R41898 |
Title
Job Creation in the Manufacturing Revival Updated July 19, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41898 SUMMARY Job Creation in the Manufacturing Revival The health of the U.S. manufacturing sector is of ongoing interest to Congress. Numerous bills aimed at promoting manufacturing are introduced in each Congress, often with the stated goal of creating jobs. Implicit ...
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| Date July 19, 2019 |
Report No. IN11062 |
Title
INSIGHTi BB&T and SunTrust: The Latest Proposed Merger in a Long-Term Trend of Banking Industry Consolidation Updated July 19, 2019 On February 9, 2019, BB&T and SunTrust the 16th- and 17th-largest U.S. bank holding companies (BHCs) by asset size, respectively announced they intend to merge, which would create the 8th-largest BHC. The House Financial Services Committee has scheduled a hearing on ...
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| Date July 19, 2019 |
Report No. R45835 |
Title
Proposed Rule on Industry-Recognized Apprenticeship Programs July 19, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45835 Proposed Rule on Industry-Recognized Apprenticeship Programs Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Background ...
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| Date July 19, 2019 |
Report No. IF11144 |
Title
Updated July 19, 2019 H.R. 397 (116th Congress), the Rehabilitation for Multiemployer Pensions Act In the 116th Congress, H.R. 397, the Rehabilitation for Multiemployer Pensions Act, would provide financial assistance to financially troubled multiemployer defined benefit (DB) pension plans that meet specified criteria. The financial assistance would consist of loans with a 30-year repayment term ...
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| Date July 19, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10327 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Post-Department of Commerce v. New York: President Trump s Executive Order and What s Next for the Census Benjamin Hayes Legislative Attorney July 19, 2019 On June 27, 2019, the Supreme Court issued its decision in Department of Commerce v. New York, which held that the Secretary of Commerce did not provide a legally sufficient justification for adding a citizenship question to the ...
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| Date July 19, 2019 |
Report No. IF11271 |
Title
July 19, 2019 Zambia The Republic of Zambia, a landlocked southern African country, has historically been politically stable and has held regular elections since a return to multiparty politics in 1991, after nearly two decades of one-party rule. The government reportedly uses the state legal apparatus to restrict opposition political activity and muzzle critics, however, curtailing the exercise ...
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| Date July 18, 2019 |
Report No. R45816 |
Title
FY2019 National Defense Authorization Act (H.R. 5515) July 18, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45816 SUMMARY FY2019 National Defense Authorization Act (H.R. 5515) For FY2019, the Trump Administration requested $708.1 billion to fund programs falling under the jurisdiction of the House and Senate Armed Services Committees and subject to authorization by the ...
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| Date July 18, 2019 |
Report No. R45818 |
Title
Afghanistan: Background and U.S. Policy July 18, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45818 SUMMARY Afghanistan: Background and U.S. Policy R45818 July 18, 2019 Afghanistan has been a significant U.S. foreign policy concern since 2001, when the United States, in response to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, led a military Clayton Thomas Analyst in Middle ...
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| Date July 18, 2019 |
Report No. RS22188 |
Title
Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: In Brief Updated July 18, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS22188 SUMMARY Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: In Brief The veto power vested in the President by Article I, Section 7 of the Constitution has proven to be an effective tool in the executive branch s dealings with Congress. In order for a bill to become law, the ...
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| Date July 18, 2019 |
Report No. R45113 |
Title
Bankruptcy and Student Loans Updated July 18, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45113 Bankruptcy and Student Loans Summary As overall student loan indebtedness in the United States has increased over the years, many borrowers have found themselves unable to repay their student loans. Ordinarily, declaring bankruptcy is a means by which a debtor may discharge that ...
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| Date July 18, 2019 |
Report No. IF10948 |
Title
Updated July 18, 2019 Hazing in the Armed Forces Background Initiation customs have long been part of the culture in the United States Armed Forces as a method to welcome new members and mark rites of passage. However, several highprofile incidents have raised congressional concern that some of these traditions may subject service members to harmful or humiliating acts. Hazing may pose a threat to ...
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| Date July 17, 2019 |
Report No. R45820 |
Title
Department of Health and Human Services: FY2020 Budget Request July 17, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45820 SUMMARY Department of Health and Human Services: FY2020 Budget Request Historically, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) has been one of the larger federal departments in terms of budgetary resources. Estimates by the Office of ...
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| Date July 17, 2019 |
Report No. R45794 |
Title
Sudan s Uncertain Transition Updated July 17, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45794 Sudan s Uncertain Transition Contents Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Protests, Revolution, and Repression ...
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| Date July 17, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10128 |
Title
Legal Sidebari High Court Strikes Down Provision of Crime of Violence Definition as Unconstitutionally Vague Updated July 17, 2019 UPDATE: In June 2019, following the publication of this Sidebar, the Supreme Court in United States v. Davis held that the residual clause of the crime of violence definition found in 18 U.S.C. 924(c) is unconstitutionally vague. 18 U.S.C. 924(c) imposes enhanced ...
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| Date July 16, 2019 |
Report No. R41836 |
Title
The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative: Background, Impacts, and Selected Issues Updated July 16, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41836 The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative: Background, Impacts, and Selected Issues Summary The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) was the nation s first mandatory cap-and-trade program for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. ...
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| Date July 15, 2019 |
Report No. R45808 |
Title
The September 11th Victim Compensation Fund (VCF): Background and Potential Reauthorization Updated July 15, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45808 SUMMARY The September 11th Victim Compensation Fund (VCF): Background and Potential Reauthorization R45808 July 15, 2019 Scott D. Szymendera Analyst in Disability Policy The September 11th Victim Compensation Fund ( ...
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| Date July 15, 2019 |
Report No. IN11145 |
Title
INSIGHTi Section 232 Investigation: Uranium Imports July 15, 2019 On July, 12, 2019, President Trump declined to impose quotas or other trade measures on imports of uranium materials under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 (19 U.S.C. 1862). The President did not concur with the U.S. Department of Commerce s (Commerce s) findings that uranium imports threaten to impair the national ...
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| Date July 15, 2019 |
Report No. IF10174 |
Title
Updated July 15, 2019 Nigeria Successive U.S. Administrations have viewed the U.S.Nigeria relationship as one of the most important in Africa, given Nigeria s size, political role, and economic weight in the region. It is Africa s largest economy and most populous country, with Muslims and Christians constituting nearly equal shares of the population. Nigeria has one of the world s largest Muslim ...
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| Date July 15, 2019 |
Report No. IF11269 |
Title
July 15, 2019 An Economic Perspective of Income Share Agreements Income Share Agreements (ISAs) have received attention as an alternative to student loans for financing higher education expenses. Purdue University s Back a Boiler program has perhaps received the most attention recently, although the University of Utah and a number of smaller schools Colorado Mountain College, Messiah College, and ...
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| Date July 12, 2019 |
Report No. R44394 |
Title
Federal Highway Traffic Safety Policies: Impacts and Opportunities Updated July 12, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44394 Federal Highway Traffic Safety Policies: Impacts and Opportunities Summary In 2017, 37,133 Americans were killed in crashes involving motor vehicles. Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of death for Americans overall, and the number ...
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| Date July 12, 2019 |
Report No. IN11144 |
Title
INSIGHTi Tropical Storm Barry: FEMA and Additional Storm-Related Resources Bruce R. Lindsay, Coordinator Analyst in American National Government Elizabeth M. Webster Analyst in Emergency Management and Disaster Recovery Diane P. Horn Analyst in Flood Insurance and Emergency Management Eva Lipiec Analyst in Natural Resources Policy July 12, 2019 Introduction This Insight provides a brief overview ...
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| Date July 11, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10325 |
Title
Legal Sidebari EPA Replaces the Clean Power Plan with the Affordable Clean Energy Rule Linda Tsang Legislative Attorney July 11, 2019 On July 8, 2019, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published its final Affordable Clean Energy (ACE) Rule to regulate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from certain existing coal-fired electric utility generating units (EGUs) at power plants. The ACE Rule ...
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| Date July 10, 2019 |
Report No. IN11143 |
Title
Congressional Research Service 1 Exposed Data Highlights Law Enforcement Use of Selected Technologies Kristin Finklea Specialist in Domestic Security July 10, 2019 Official use of image capturing and facial recognition technology particularly by law enforcement has been the subject of recent congressional attention. Specifically, there is interest in facial recognition s accuracy, the databases ...
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| Date July 9, 2019 |
Report No. R45714 |
Title
FY2019 Disaster Supplemental Appropriations: CRS Experts Updated July 9, 2019 (R45714) Overview The following list of CRS experts provides points of contact for CRS's congressional clients with specific questions regarding the particular appropriations and provisions proposed in the various disaster relief supplemental bills considered for FY2019. This report is intended as a companion to other ...
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| Date July 9, 2019 |
Report No. R44530 |
Title
Spending and Tax Expenditures: Distinctions and Major Programs Updated July 9, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44530 Spending and Tax Expenditures: Distinctions and Major Programs Summary Spending programs and tax expenditures are the two primary ways that the federal government provides benefits to the public. Each type of intervention represents a transfer ...
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| Date July 9, 2019 |
Report No. IF11265 |
Title
July 9, 2019 Campaign and Election Security Policy: Brief Introduction Introduction Securing U.S. elections is a complex policy challenge that involves multiple concepts, statutes, and agencies. Federalism principles embodied in the U.S. Constitution; the distinction between government agencies and nongovernmental political entities; and the unique needs of election administrators, voters, and ...
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| Date July 9, 2019 |
Report No. R45262 |
Title
Comparing DHS Component Funding, FY2019: In Brief William L. Painter Specialist in Homeland Security and Appropriations Updated July 9, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45262 Comparing DHS Component Funding, FY2019: In Brief Contents DHS Net Discretionary Annual Appropriations .............................................................................. 1 DHS: Beyond Net ...
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| Date July 9, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10298 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Drug Price Disclosures and the First Amendment Updated July 9, 2019 Update: On July 8, 2019, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia held that the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) exceeded its statutory authority in promulgating its new rule on drug list price disclosures. As the court explained, [n]either the [Social Security] Act s text, structure, nor ...
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| Date July 9, 2019 |
Report No. IF11266 |
Title
July 9, 2019 The Election Administration and Voting Survey: Overview and 2018 Findings The Election Administration and Voting Survey (EAVS) is a biennial survey of state and local officials about the administration of federal elections. The survey is conducted for each regular federal election cycle by the U.S. Election Assistance Commission (EAC), which reports its findings to Congress and the ...
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| Date July 9, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10323 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Drug Price Disclosure to Consumers: Current Legal Authority and Considerations for Congress Updated July 9, 2019 Update: On July 8, 2019, the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia held that the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) exceeded its statutory authority in promulgating its new rule on drug list price disclosures. As the court explained, [n]either the [ ...
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| Date July 9, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10141 |
Title
Legal Sidebari UPDATE: Sidewalks, Streets, and Tweets: Is Twitter a Public Forum? Updated July 9, 2019 Update: On July 9, 2019, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit issued a decision affirming the trial court s ruling described below. In its opinion, the appellate court concluded that the President had essentially converted the private @realDonaldTrump Twitter account into a government ...
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| Date July 8, 2019 |
Report No. R45804 |
Title
Immigration: Alternatives to Detention (ATD) Programs Audrey Singer Specialist in Immigration Policy July 8, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45804 SUMMARY Immigration: Alternatives to Detention (ATD) Programs Since FY2004, Congress has appropriated funding to the Department of Homeland Security s (DHS s) Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) for an Alternatives to ...
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| Date July 8, 2019 |
Report No. R45819 |
Title
The Disaster Recovery Reform Act of 2018 (DRRA): A Summary of Selected Statutory Provisions July 8, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45819 The Disaster Recovery Reform Act of 2018: A Summary of Selected Statutory Provisions Disaster Recovery Reform Act of 2018 (DRRA): A Summary of Selected Statutory Provisions The Disaster Recovery Reform Act of 2018 (DRRA, ...
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