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| Date July 8, 2019 |
Report No. R43295 |
Title
Resources for Key Economic Indicators Updated July 8, 2019 (R43295) Jump to Main Text of Report Contents Statistics and Data National Economic Accounts Household Income Inflation Labor Force Characteristics Value of the Dollar Related Resources General Sources and Historical Information Economic Indicator Release Dates Federal Finance Money, Credit, and Markets Production and Business Activity ...
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| Date July 8, 2019 |
Report No. R44968 |
Title
Infantry Brigade Combat Team (IBCT) Mobility, Reconnaissance, and Firepower Programs Updated July 8, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44968 Infantry Brigade Combat Team (IBCT) Programs Summary Infantry Brigade Combat Teams (IBCTs) constitute the Army s light ground forces and are an important part of the nation s ability to project forces overseas. The wars in ...
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| Date July 8, 2019 |
Report No. R45809 |
Title
Critical Infrastructure: Emerging Trends and Policy Considerations for Congress Brian E. Humphreys Analyst in Science and Technology Policy July 8, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45809 SUMMARY Critical Infrastructure: Emerging Trends and Policy Considerations for Congress Protection of the nation s critical infrastructure (CI) against asymmetric physical or cyber threats ...
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| Date July 8, 2019 |
Report No. R45798 |
Title
Beneficial Ownership Transparency in Corporate Formation, Shell Companies, Real Estate, and Financial Transactions Rena S. Miller Specialist in Financial Economics Liana W. Rosen Specialist in International Crime and Narcotics July 8, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45798 SUMMARY Beneficial Ownership Transparency in Corporate Formation, Shell Companies, Real Estate, and ...
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| Date July 5, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10319 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The Supreme Court Temporarily Blocks Citizenship Question on the 2020 Census Updated July 5, 2019 UPDATE: After the Supreme Court s June 27 decision, the Department of Justice and the Secretary of Commerce stated that the 2020 census form would not include a citizenship question. However, on July 3, President Trump stated that the Administration would continue its efforts to add a ...
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| Date July 5, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10324 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Partisan Gerrymandering Claims Not Subject to Federal Court Review: Considerations Going Forward July 5, 2019 Partisan gerrymandering, the drawing of legislative district lines to subordinate adherents of one political party and entrench a rival party in power, is an issue that has vexed the federal courts for more than three decades. On June 27, 2019, the Supreme Court, by a 5 to 4 ...
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| Date July 5, 2019 |
Report No. IF11249 |
Title
Updated July 5, 2019 Guatemala: Corruption, Uncertainty Mar August 2019 Elections Guatemala held national elections for president, the entire 158-seat congress, 340 mayors, and other local posts on June 16, 2019. The list of candidates on the ballot was finalized one week before voting. Candidates were still being ruled ineligible some due to corruption allegations and appealing rulings in early ...
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| Date July 3, 2019 |
Report No. R45812 |
Title
Illicit Drug Flows and Seizures in the United States: What Do We [Not] Know? July 3, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45812 {222A0E69-13A2-4985-84AE-73CC3DFF4D02}-R- ...
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| Date July 3, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10320 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Courts Split on Whether Private Individuals Can Sue to Challenge States Medicaid Defunding Decisions: Considerations for Congress (Part I of II) July 3, 2019 Last December, the Supreme Court declined to review two cases, Andersen v. Planned Parenthood of Kansas and Gee v. Planned Parenthood of Gulf Coast Inc., in which private litigants challenged their respective states decision to ...
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| Date July 3, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10322 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Kisor v. Wilkie: Supreme Court Upholds the Auer Doctrine but Clarifies Its Limitations July 3, 2019 On June 26, 2019, the Supreme Court decided Kisor v. Wilkie, declining the petitioner s request to overturn one of the most significant and contentious doctrines in administrative law. That doctrine, commonly called the Auer or Seminole Rock doctrine, generally instructs courts to ...
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| Date July 3, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10218 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Carpenter v. Murphy: A Death Row Inmate s Appeal Depends on Whether an Oklahoma Indian Reservation Still Exists Updated July 3, 2019 UPDATE: On June 27, 2019, the Supreme Court ordered Carpenter v. Murphy restored to the calendar to be re-argued in the October 2019 Term. The original post from November 16, 2018, is below. This term, the Supreme Court in Carpenter v. Murphy will ...
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| Date July 3, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10321 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Courts Split on Whether Private Individuals Can Sue to Challenge States Medicaid Defunding Decisions: Considerations for Congress (Part II of II) July 3, 2019 As discussed in Part I of this two-part Legal Sidebar, the Supreme Court recently declined to hear two cases, Anderson v. Planned Parenthood of Kansas and Gee v. Planned Parenthood of Gulf Coast Inc., leaving in place a ...
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| Date July 3, 2019 |
Report No. IF11186 |
Title
Updated July 3, 2019 No Oil Producing and Exporting Cartels (NOPEC) Act of 2019 Since the beginning of the oil industry, there have been multiple periods when a supply manager has influenced production and price levels. Generally, a supply manager has the capacity to adjust production rapidly in order to respond to changing market conditions. The limited ability of oil production and consumption ...
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| Date July 2, 2019 |
Report No. R44266 |
Title
Effects of Buy America on Transportation Infrastructure and U.S. Manufacturing Michaela D. Platzer Specialist in Industrial Organization and Business William J. Mallett Specialist in Transportation Policy Updated July 2, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44266 SUMMARY Effects of Buy America on Transportation Infrastructure and U.S. Manufacturing In 1978, Congress began ...
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| Date July 2, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10275 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Congressional Access to the President s Federal Tax Returns Updated July 2, 2019 UPDATE 7/2/2019: On April 3, 2019, the Chair of the House Ways and Means Committee sent a letter to the Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service requesting the individual income tax returns of President Trump, income tax returns for various business entities related to President Trump, and ...
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| Date July 1, 2019 |
Report No. IF11261 |
Title
July 1, 2019 Social Security: Select Findings of the 2019 Annual Report Social Security is a self-financing program that covers approximately 177 million workers and provides monthly cash benefits to 63 million beneficiaries. Social Security is the federal government s single largest program, both in terms of the number of people affected (i.e., covered workers and beneficiaries) and its finances. ...
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| Date June 30, 2019 |
Report No. M20190630 |
Title
116TH CONGRESS 1ST SESSION/SENATE DOCUMENT 116 5 NATIONAL DEBATE TOPIC FOR HIGH SCHOOLS, 2019 2020 Resolved: The United States Federal Government Should Substantially Reduce Direct Commercial Sales and/or Foreign Military Sales of Arms from the United States NATIONAL DEBATE TOPIC FOR HIGH SCHOOLS, 2019 2020 Pursuant to 44 U.S.C. Section 1333 Compiled by the Congressional Research Service Library ...
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| Date June 28, 2019 |
Report No. R43434 |
Title
Policy and Legislative Research for Congressional Staff: Finding Documents, Analysis, News, and Training Sarah W. Caldwell Senior Research Librarian Ada S. Cornell Senior Research Librarian Michele L. Malloy Research Librarian Updated June 28, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43434 Policy and Legislative Research for Congressional Staff Summary This report is intended to ...
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| Date June 28, 2019 |
Report No. R45790 |
Title
The Opioid Epidemic: Supply Control and Criminal Justice Policy Frequently Asked Questions June 28, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45790 SUMMARY The Opioid Epidemic: Supply Control and Criminal Justice Policy Frequently Asked Questions Over the last several years, lawmakers in the United States have responded to rising drug overdose deaths, which increased ...
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| Date June 28, 2019 |
Report No. R45789 |
Title
Long-Term Budgeting within the Congressional Budget Process: In Brief June 28, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45789 SUMMARY Long-Term Budgeting within the Congressional Budget Process: In Brief Members of Congress, the Administration, and outside groups have expressed concern over longterm projections of deficits and debt levels. The Congressional Budget ...
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| Date June 28, 2019 |
Report No. R45807 |
Title
India s 2019 National Election and Implications for U.S. Interests June 28, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45807 SUMMARY India s 2019 National Election and Implications for U.S. Interests R45807 June 28, 2019 K. Alan Kronstadt India, a federal republic and the world s most populous democracy, held elections to seat a new Specialist in South Asian Affairs lower ...
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| Date June 28, 2019 |
Report No. R45810 |
Title
Critical Minerals and U.S. Public Policy Marc Humphries Specialist in Energy Policy June 28, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45810 SUMMARY Critical Minerals and U.S. Public Policy President Trump and various U.S. lawmakers have expressed concerns about U.S. reliance on critical mineral imports and potential disruption of supply chains that use critical minerals for various ...
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| Date June 28, 2019 |
Report No. IF11259 |
Title
June 28, 2019 Trade Dispute with China and Rare Earth Elements Background REE Dependency on China Since 2018, the United States and China have been engaged in a trade dispute resulting from U.S. use of Section 301provisions (which deals with foreign trade barriers). The dispute has led to several rounds of tariff hikes. The United States has imposed 25% tariff hikes on $250 billion worth of ...
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| Date June 27, 2019 |
Report No. R40529 |
Title
Biomass: Comparison of Definitions in Legislation Updated June 27, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R40529 Biomass: Comparison of Definitions in Legislation Summary The use of biomass as an energy feedstock has regularly been presented as a potentially viable alternative to address U.S. energy security concerns, foreign oil dependence, and rural economic ...
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| Date June 27, 2019 |
Report No. IN11139 |
Title
INSIGHTi Executive Order to Reduce the Number of Federal Advisory Committees June 27, 2019 On June 14, 2019, President Donald Trump issued Executive Order (E.O.) 13875, Evaluating and Improving the Utility of Federal Advisory Committees. The E.O. intends to evaluate, reduce, and limit the number of federal advisory committees (FACs) subject to the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA; 5 U.S.C. ...
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| Date June 27, 2019 |
Report No. R45787 |
Title
House Rules Changes Affecting Floor Proceedings in the 116th Congress (2019-2020) Jane A. Hudiburg Analyst on Congress and the Legislative Process June 27, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45787 SUMMARY House Rules Changes Affecting Floor Proceedings in the 116th Congress (2019-2020) As agreed to in the House, H.Res. 6, a resolution adopting the rules of the House of ...
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| Date June 27, 2019 |
Report No. R44431 |
Title
Commemorative Days, Weeks, and Months: Background and Current Practice Jacob R. Straus Specialist on the Congress Jared C. Nagel Senior Research Librarian Updated June 27, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44431 Commemorative Days, Weeks, and Months: Background and Current Practice Summary Typically, each Congress, hundreds of legislative measures are introduced to recognize, ...
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| Date June 27, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10317 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The Supreme Court s Latest Word on Legislative Standing and Lawsuits by Congressional Plaintiffs Updated June 27, 2019 On June 17, 2019, the Supreme Court decided Virginia House of Delegates v. Bethune-Hill. The Supreme Court originally agreed to hear Virginia House of Delegates to determine whether a state legislative map constituted an unconstitutional racial gerrymander. Instead ...
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| Date June 27, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10221 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Which Punishment Fits Which Crime?: Supreme Court to Consider Whether Portion of Supervised Release Statute is Unconstitutional Updated June 27, 2019 UPDATE: On June 26, 2019, the Supreme Court issued its decision in United States v. Haymond, with five Justices agreeing that applying 18 U.S.C. 3583(k) with respect to the defendant s conduct was unconstitutional. Justice Gorsuch, ...
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| Date June 26, 2019 |
Report No. IF11258 |
Title
June 26, 2019 FY2020 National Defense Authorization Act (H.R. 2500, S. 1790) Of the $750 billion requested by the Trump Administration for discretionary spending on National Defense-related activities in FY2020, approximately $742 billion falls within the scope of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA). The request includes $718.4 billion for operations of the Department of Defense (DOD) ...
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| Date June 26, 2019 |
Report No. IF10708 |
Title
Updated June 26, 2019 Enforcing U.S. Trade Laws: Section 301 and China Overview Concerns over China s policies on intellectual property (IP), technology, and innovation led the Trump Administration in August 2017 to launch a Section 301 investigation of those policies. Consequently, the United States has implemented three rounds of tariff increases on a total of $250 billion worth of Chinese ...
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| Date June 25, 2019 |
Report No. RL33534 |
Title
China s Economic Rise: History, Trends, Challenges, and Implications for the United States Updated June 25, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL33534 China s Economic Rise: History, Trends, Challenges, Implications for the United States Summary Prior to the initiation of economic reforms and trade liberalization nearly 40 years ago, China maintained policies that ...
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| Date June 25, 2019 |
Report No. IF11257 |
Title
June 25, 2019 Variable Renewable Energy: An Introduction Policy options to increase the use of renewable energy sources for electricity generation have drawn congressional interest. Some renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, have variable supply. Electricity generators using variable renewable energy (VRE) sources can only produce electricity when weather conditions are right (i.e., ...
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| Date June 25, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10294 |
Title
Legal Sidebari When Does the Government Have to Disclose Private Business Information in its Possession? Updated June 25, 2019 Update: On June 24, 2019, the Supreme Court issued its decision in FMI v. Argus Leader Media concerning when commercial and financial information may be withheld from disclosure by the government as confidential under Exemption 4 of the Freedom of Information Act (FIOA). ...
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| Date June 25, 2019 |
Report No. IF10810 |
Title
Updated June 25, 2019 Blockchain and International Trade Innovations in technology have the potential to enable and disrupt international commerce (e.g., online shopping and drone delivery services). Along with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things, blockchain may change the conduct of international trade, including how it is financed, how companies ...
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| Date June 24, 2019 |
Report No. R45782 |
Title
Location of Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Addiction: In Brief June 24, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45782 SUMMARY Location of Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Addiction: In Brief R45782 June 24, 2019 Johnathan H. Duff Analyst in Health Policy The substantial burden of opioid abuse related to the current opioid epidemic in the United States ...
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| Date June 24, 2019 |
Report No. IN11120 |
Title
INSIGHTi Cuba: Trump Administration Expands Sanctions Updated June 24, 2019 Since April 2019, the Trump Administration has imposed a series of increasingly strong economic sanctions against Cuba, effectively ending the previous policy of engagement begun by the Obama Administration in 2014 that had eased some sanctions and moved toward the normalization of relations. As a result, U.S. policy ...
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| Date June 23, 2019 |
Report No. IF10030 |
Title
Updated June 23, 2019 U.S.-China Trade Issues Background The U.S.-China trade and economic relationship has expanded significantly over the past three decades. In 2018, China was the United States largest U.S. merchandise trading partner (total trade at $660 billion), third-largest export market ($120 billion), and largest source of imports ($540 billion). China is also the largest foreign holder ...
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| Date June 21, 2019 |
Report No. R45781 |
Title
Health Care-Related Expiring Provisions of the 116th Congress, First Session June 21, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45781 SUMMARY Health Care-Related Expiring Provisions of the 116th Congress, First Session R45781 June 21, 2019 Phoenix Voorhies, This report describes selected health care-related provisions that are scheduled to expire during Coordinator ...
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| Date June 21, 2019 |
Report No. R43491 |
Title
Trade Promotion Authority (TPA): Frequently Asked Questions Updated June 21, 2019 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R43491 SUMMARY Trade Promotion Authority (TPA): Frequently Asked Questions Legislation to reauthorize Trade Promotion Authority (TPA) sometimes called fast track the Bipartisan Congressional Trade Priorities and Accountability Act of 2015 (TPA-2015), was ...
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| Date June 21, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10290 |
Title
Legal Sidebari What You Don t Know Can t Hurt You: Supreme Court to Address Knowledge Requirement for Firearm Offenses Updated June 21, 2019 UPDATE: On June 21, 2019, the Supreme Court held in a 7-2 decision that the knowledge requirement for violations of 18 U.S.C. 922(g) applies both to the defendant s conduct and to the defendant s status, meaning that the government must show that the ...
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| Date June 21, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10313 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Congressional Authority to Enact Criminal Law: Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) June 21, 2019 18 U.S.C. 116 proscribes female genital mutilation (FGM), a practice rooted in traditional or religious beliefs in certain parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. Among other things, the federal statute (FGM statute) makes it a crime to knowingly circumcise, excise, or infibulate the ...
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| Date June 21, 2019 |
Report No. IF10391 |
Title
Updated June 21, 2019 Hemp-Derived Cannabidiol (CBD) and Related Hemp Extracts Cannabidiol (CBD) is a plant-derived compound from Cannabis sativa, the species of plant that includes both hemp and marijuana, but from different plant varieties or cultivars. CBD is the primary nonpsychoactive compound in cannabis, whereas tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is cannabis s primary psychoactive compound. CBD is ...
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| Date June 21, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10315 |
Title
Legal Sidebari No More Lemon Law? Supreme Court Rethinks Religious Establishment Analysis June 21, 2019 The Supreme Court weighed in on the constitutionality of public monuments involving crosses and other religious symbols when it issued its decision in American Legion v. American Humanist Association on June 20, 2019. Seven Justices agreed that the Bladensburg Peace Cross does not violate the ...
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| Date June 20, 2019 |
Report No. R45780 |
Title
Fiscal Policy Considerations for the Next Recession Mark P. Keightley Specialist in Economics June 20, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45780 SUMMARY Fiscal Policy Considerations for the Next Recession Although the United States is currently experiencing its longest economic expansion, history has shown that economic expansions inevitably give way to economic slowdowns. If ...
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| Date June 20, 2019 |
Report No. IN11137 |
Title
INSIGHTi Moldova s Political Crisis Abates June 20, 2019 On June 14, 2019, a political crisis in Moldova ended when leaders of the formerly ruling Democratic Party of Moldova (PDM) agreed to dissolve the outgoing government in favor of a new coalition. The coalition includes a reform-oriented, Western-leaning alliance, ACUM (or Now ), and the socially conservative, Russian-leaning Party of ...
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| Date June 20, 2019 |
Report No. R45779 |
Title
Transformation at the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Marian L. Lawson, Coordinator Specialist in Foreign Assistance Policy Nick M. Brown Analyst in Foreign Assistance and Foreign Policy Emily M. Morgenstern Analyst in Foreign Assistance and Foreign Policy Updated June 20, 2019 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45779 SUMMARY Transformation at the U.S. Agency for ...
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| Date June 20, 2019 |
Report No. IF11254 |
Title
Updated June 20, 2019 Major Features of 529 Plans and Coverdells There are two types of tax-advantaged education savings accounts. The first are qualified tuition programs (QTPs), commonly called 529 plans (referring to the section of the tax code that dictates their tax treatment). The second are Coverdell education savings accounts (ESAs), often referred to simply as Coverdells. This In Focus ...
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| Date June 20, 2019 |
Report No. LSB10312 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Gun Crime Penalty Tossed June 20, 2019 Summary The full United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (Sixth Circuit) (sitting en banc), in United States v. Havis, recently held that prior attempt convictions do not warrant a felon-in-possession-of-afirearm sentencing enhancement. Ordinarily binding commentary included in the U.S. Sentencing Commission s sentencing guidelines ...
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| Date June 20, 2019 |
Report No. IF10935 |
Title
Updated June 20, 2019 Technology Service Providers for Banks Surveys suggest that convenience is the primary reason why consumers select a bank or credit union. Features such as mobile and online banking have become an important contributor to consumer satisfaction. As more banking transactions are conducted digitally, financial institutions that lack in-house expertise are increasingly relying ...
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