|
Date ↓
|
Report No.
|
Title |
| Date Aug. 24, 2021 |
Report No. IN11730 |
Title
INSIGHTi Afghan Aerial Evacuation in Context August 24, 2021 On August 15, 2021, the U.S. military began evacuating thousands of persons from Hamid Karzai International Airport, in Kabul, Afghanistan. As of August 24, the military has airlifted approximately 64,000 persons since July (Figure 1) of those, approximately 40,000 were reportedly evacuated since August 16 and 12,700 were reportedly ...
|
| Date Aug. 23, 2021 |
Report No. R46882 |
Title
Trade Remedies: Countervailing Duties August 23, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46882 SUMMARY Trade Remedies: Countervailing Duties The U.S. Constitution grants to Congress the power to regulate trade with foreign nations and levy tariffs. Since 1922, U.S. law and foreign policy have favored applying tariffs and duties equally to all trading partners. This ...
|
| Date Aug. 23, 2021 |
Report No. IN11728 |
Title
INSIGHTi The Collapse of the Afghan National Defense and Security Forces: Implications for U.S. Security Assistance and Cooperation August 23, 2021 The swift collapse of the Afghan National Defense and Security Forces (ANDSF), which had received tens of billions of dollars in U.S. training and equipment over two decades, has prompted questions about U.S. security assistance in Afghanistan and ...
|
| Date Aug. 23, 2021 |
Report No. IN10756 |
Title
INSIGHTi Confederate Names and Military Installations Updated August 23, 2021 U.S. Military Bases Named in Honor of Confederate Military Leaders There are 10 major military installations named after Confederate Civil War commanders located in the former states of the Confederacy. These are all Army installations: Fort Rucker (after Col. Edmund W. Rucker, who was given the honorary title of General ...
|
| Date Aug. 20, 2021 |
Report No. R46554 |
Title
Unemployment Rates During the COVID-19 Pandemic Updated August 20, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46554 SUMMARY Unemployment Rates During the COVID-19 Pandemic The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant effect on labor market metrics for every state, economic sector, and major demographic group in the United States. This report provides information on ...
|
| Date Aug. 20, 2021 |
Report No. R46883 |
Title
Remote Learning for K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic August 20, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46883 SUMMARY Remote Learning for K-12 Schools During the COVID-19 Pandemic In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, most elementary and secondary schools and local educational agencies (LEAs) across the United States closed schools in February or March 2020. ...
|
| Date Aug. 20, 2021 |
Report No. IN11729 |
Title
INSIGHTi Residential Consumers Vulnerable to Higher Natural Gas Prices August 20, 2021 In February 2021, a sudden drop in temperatures resulted in a dramatic increase in demand and decrease in the supply of natural gas as critical infrastructure went offline or was damaged. Although seen in many parts of the country, the effects were particularly acute in Texas. A consequence of these dramatic ...
|
| Date Aug. 20, 2021 |
Report No. IN11679 |
Title
INSIGHTi States Opting Out of COVID-19 Unemployment Insurance (UI) Agreements Updated August 20, 2021 In response to the recent recession caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress created several temporary Unemployment Insurance (UI) programs through the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (P.L. 116-136), and extended these programs through P.L. 116-260 and P.L. 117-2. ...
|
| Date Aug. 20, 2021 |
Report No. IN11727 |
Title
INSIGHTi Community Resilience: Climate Adaptation and the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) August 20, 2021 Climate change has become an increasingly salient topic among financial regulators and in the economic development and public policy arenas more generally. In particular, some climate-related disasters and long-term effects are likely to contribute to macroeconomic stress with broad ...
|
| Date Aug. 20, 2021 |
Report No. IF11908 |
Title
August 20, 2021 Voting Rights Act and H.R. 4 (117 th Congress): An Overview The Voting Rights Act (VRA) was enacted to protect equal access to elections for all eligible Americans. In particular, and in response to widespread disenfranchisement between the post-Civil War period and the 1960s, the VRA protects voters in racial and language minority groups. The VRA rests principally on congressional ...
|
| Date Aug. 19, 2021 |
Report No. R45088 |
Title
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency: Overview and Issues for Congress Updated August 19, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45088 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency: Overview and Issues for Congress Summary The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), established in 1958, is an agency within the Department of Defense (DOD) responsible for ...
|
| Date Aug. 19, 2021 |
Report No. IF11906 |
Title
August 19, 2021 Agriculture in the WTO s 12 th Ministerial Conference (MC12) The United States is one of the world s largest agricultural trading countries and has a major stake in negotiations on trade rules and disciplines. Congress continues to seek to influence and monitor ongoing trade negotiations involving agricultural trade, including multilateral negotiations within the World Trade ...
|
| Date Aug. 19, 2021 |
Report No. IF11905 |
Title
August 19, 2021 Liability Issues Related to COVID-19 Vaccine Manufacturing and Global Distribution Background In March 2021, the United States announced efforts to donate Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines abroad. In many high-income countries, vaccines and other medical countermeasures are playing a critical role in controlling the spread of COVID-19. Vaccine distribution efforts in low ...
|
| Date Aug. 18, 2021 |
Report No. R46878 |
Title
Permissible and Prohibited Uses of Campaign Funds: Frequently Asked Questions and Policy Overview August 18, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46878 SUMMARY Permissible and Prohibited Uses of Campaign Funds: Frequently Asked Questions and Policy Overview R46878 August 18, 2021 R. Sam Garrett Specialist in American National Government Many frequently asked ...
|
| Date Aug. 18, 2021 |
Report No. R44452 |
Title
The Selective Service System and Draft Registration: Issues for Congress Updated August 18, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44452 The Selective Service System and Draft Registration: Issues for Congress Summary The Military Selective Service Act (MSSA), first enacted as the Selective Service Act of 1948, provides the statutory authority for the federal ...
|
| Date Aug. 17, 2021 |
Report No. R46877 |
Title
Federal Information Technology (IT) Budgeting Process in the Executive Branch: An Overview August 17, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46877 SUMMARY Federal Information Technology (IT) Budgeting Process in the Executive Branch: An Overview Information technology (IT) systems serve as a means by which federal agencies interact with citizens, other federal ...
|
| Date Aug. 17, 2021 |
Report No. IG10028 |
Title
Naturalization: The Process of Becoming a U.S. Citizen August 17, 2021 Author Information Holly Straut-Eppsteiner Analyst in Immigration Policy Disclaimer This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and under the direction of Congress. ...
|
| Date Aug. 17, 2021 |
Report No. IN11726 |
Title
INSIGHTi The Afghanistan Withdrawal: Military and Defense Implications August 17, 2021 After a rapid Taliban campaign to capture cities and territories formerly controlled by the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (GIRoA), on August 15, 2021, the Taliban took Kabul and the President of GIRoA, Ashraf Ghani, fled the country. Information regarding the situation on the ground in ...
|
| Date Aug. 16, 2021 |
Report No. RS21344 |
Title
European Union Enlargement Updated August 16, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS21344 SUMMARY European Union Enlargement The European Union (EU) is a unique political and economic partnership. The EU is the latest stage in a process of integration begun after World War II, initially by six Western European countries, to promote peace, political stability, and ...
|
| Date Aug. 16, 2021 |
Report No. IF11903 |
Title
August 16, 2021 Addressing Nontariff Barriers to Agricultural Trade at the WTO Multilateral trade rules allow governments to adopt various measures including sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) and technical barriers to trade (TBT) measures that are necessary for the protection of human, animal or plant life or health or needed to ensure product quality and prevent deceptive practices. Such measures ...
|
| Date Aug. 16, 2021 |
Report No. IN11724 |
Title
INSIGHTi VA Now Processing Gulf War Veterans Disability Claims for New Respiratory Presumptive Conditions August 16, 2021 Background On August 2, 2021, the Department of V eterans Affairs (V announced it will begin processing disability A) claims for asthma, rhinitis, and sinusitis on a presumptive basis due to presumed exposure to particulate matter (such as burn pit emissions) during ...
|
| Date Aug. 16, 2021 |
Report No. IF11900 |
Title
August 16, 2021 The Regulatory Flexibility Act: An Overview Congress enacted the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA; 5 U.S.C. 601-612) in 1980 to require federal agencies to consider the effects of their regulations on small businesses and other small entities. If a regulation is expected to have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities, the RFA requires the issuing ...
|
| Date Aug. 16, 2021 |
Report No. IN11725 |
Title
INSIGHTi Taliban Establish Control Over Afghanistan Amid Government Collapse and U.S. Withdrawal August 16, 2021 On August 15, 2021, Taliban fighters entered Afghanistan s capital, Kabul, effectively reestablishing the group s rule over the country after a nearly two-decade-long insurgency against U.S. and international forces and the former Afghan government. Afghan President Ashraf Ghani and ...
|
| Date Aug. 13, 2021 |
Report No. R40142 |
Title
Health Insurance Continuation Coverage Under COBRA Updated August 13, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R40142 SUMMARY Health Insurance Continuation Coverage Under COBRA Health insurance helps to protect individuals and families against financial loss. Having health insurance also promotes access to regular health care. Most Americans with private health insurance ...
|
| Date Aug. 13, 2021 |
Report No. IF11899 |
Title
August 13, 2021 The Bureau of Indian Affairs: FY2022 Appropriations The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), in the U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI), administers programs for tribal government, social services, law enforcement, infrastructure, and trust land and natural resources in Indian Country. BIA plays a leading role in carrying out federal trust, treaty, and other responsibilities to ...
|
| Date Aug. 13, 2021 |
Report No. LSB10633 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Federal Employees and COVID-19 Vaccination Attestations: Immediate Takeaways Updated August 13, 2021 Executive Order 13991 established the Safer Federal Workforce Task Force (Task Force) to provide ongoing guidance to heads of executive agencies on government operation and employee safety during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. On July 29, 2021, the Task Force ...
|
| Date Aug. 13, 2021 |
Report No. IF10143 |
Title
Updated August 13, 2021 Foreign Affairs Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) Funding: Background and Current Status For the past decade, Members of Congress have debated Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) funding levels in the context of annual foreign affairs and defense budgets. First used by the foreign affairs agencies in FY2012, a key feature of OCO funds was their effective exemption, ...
|
| Date Aug. 12, 2021 |
Report No. R46874 |
Title
Federal Crop Insurance Program (FCIP): Replanting, Delayed Planting, and Prevented Planting August 12, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46874 SUMMARY Federal Crop Insurance Program (FCIP): Replanting, Delayed Planting, and Prevented Planting R46874 August 12, 2021 Stephanie Rosch Analyst in Agricultural Policy The federal crop insurance program (FCIP) offers ...
|
| Date Aug. 12, 2021 |
Report No. IF11901 |
Title
August 12, 2021 The Digital Equity Act of 2021 Introduction The Digital Equity Act is included in the Senate-passed version of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (H.R. 3684). Submitted as an amendment in the nature of a substitute (S.Amdt. 2137) on August 1, 2021, by Senator Charles Schumer for Senator Kyrsten Sinema, it passed by the Senate August 10, 2021. The final language of the act ...
|
| Date Aug. 12, 2021 |
Report No. IF11897 |
Title
August 12, 2021 U.S. Steel Manufacturing: National Security and Tariffs Steel plays a significant role in national security and U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) operations. While the defense industry often integrates steel into components or structures of military platforms and weapon systems, it also has other applications associated with homeland security and critical infrastructure. In recent ...
|
| Date Aug. 12, 2021 |
Report No. IN11721 |
Title
INSIGHTi Data on Retirement Contributions to Defined Contribution (DC) Plans August 12, 2021 Individuals can save for retirement in two types of tax-advantaged accounts: defined contribution (DC) and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). DC plans are employer-sponsored retirement plans in which contributions from a worker, the employer, or both are placed in an individual account. Individuals ...
|
| Date Aug. 12, 2021 |
Report No. IN11722 |
Title
INSIGHTi Data on Contributions to Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) August 12, 2021 Individuals can save for retirement in two types of tax-advantaged accounts: defined contribution (DC) and individual retirement accounts (IRAs). DC plans are employer-sponsored retirement plans in which contributions from a worker, the employer, or both are placed in an individual account. Individuals with ...
|
| Date Aug. 12, 2021 |
Report No. IF11898 |
Title
August 12, 2021 The 287(g) Program: State and Local Immigration Enforcement Section 287(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), codified in 8 U.S.C. 1357(g), permits the delegation of certain immigration enforcement functions to state and local law enforcement agencies. Agreements entered pursuant to INA 287(g) (commonly referred to as 287(g) agreements) enable specially trained state or ...
|
| Date Aug. 12, 2021 |
Report No. LSB10634 |
Title
Legal Sidebari PennEast Pipeline Company v. New Jersey: Can a Pipeline Company Bring a Condemnation Suit Against a State? August 12, 2021 A foundational principle of the United States, as reflected in various portions of the U.S. Constitution, is the notion that states retain certain sovereign powers. One such power that has repeatedly been the subject of litigation before the Supreme Court for ...
|
| Date Aug. 11, 2021 |
Report No. R45086 |
Title
Evolving Assessments of Human and Natural Contributions to Climate Change Updated August 11, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45086 Evolving Assessments of Human and Natural Contributions to Climate Change Summary This CRS report provides the 2021 scientific statements regarding human and natural contributions to global climate change from the Intergovernmental ...
|
| Date Aug. 11, 2021 |
Report No. IN11655 |
Title
INSIGHTi Budget Submission After a Presidential Transition: Contextualizing the Biden Administration s FY2022 Request Updated August 11, 2021 Like other newly inaugurated Presidents Administrations, the Biden Administration was expected to submit its first formal budget request to Congress later than the usual January/February statutory deadline. Unclear in such situations is the timing and format ...
|
| Date Aug. 11, 2021 |
Report No. IF11896 |
Title
August 11, 2021 Tax Treatment of Gig Economy Workers The gig economy (or sharing economy) is a form of work relationship that has become popular in recent years. Gig economy workers earn income by providing on-demand work, with gigs often facilitated through digital platforms. This In Focus provides an overview of how gig economy workers are taxed and reviews recent legislative changes. What Is ...
|
| Date Aug. 10, 2021 |
Report No. R46564 |
Title
Overview of Department of Defense Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum Updated August 10, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46564 SUMMARY Overview of Department of Defense Use of the Electromagnetic Spectrum Communication using the electromagnetic spectrum ( the spectrum ) enables a number of modern military capabilities. The Department of Defense (DOD) uses ...
|
| Date Aug. 10, 2021 |
Report No. IN11521 |
Title
INSIGHTi COVID-19: Government Resources for RealTime Economic Indicators Updated August 10, 2021 This CRS Insight presents select real-time economic indicators that attempt to measure the impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the U.S. economy. Created by select federal government agencies, these new or unique indicators attempt to measure the demographic, social, and ...
|
| Date Aug. 10, 2021 |
Report No. IF11894 |
Title
August 10, 2021 Security of Supply Arrangements (SOSAs): Background and Issues The U.S. defense industrial base (DIB) sources goods, services, and raw materials from the global marketplace to support national security and defense requirements. To facilitate the unhindered access to some key supplies, the Department of Defense (DOD) has entered into bilateral Security of Supply Arrangements (SOSAs) ...
|
| Date Aug. 10, 2021 |
Report No. IF11895 |
Title
August 10, 2021 Space as a Warfighting Domain: Issues for Congress Introduction The United States is in the midst of making significant changes to policy on protecting national security pertaining to outer space. Military strategists increasingly consider space to be a warfighting domain a location where offensive and defensive military operations take place similar to air, land, and sea. During ...
|
| Date Aug. 9, 2021 |
Report No. R46870 |
Title
Demographic and Socioeconomic Characteristics of Older Households with Debt: 2019 August 9, 2021 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46870 SUMMARY Demographic and Social Socioeconomic Characteristics of Older Households with Debt: 2019 R46870 August 9, 2021 Zhe Li Analyst in Social Policy Debt among aged households (i.e., households whose head is 65 years old or older) ...
|
| Date Aug. 6, 2021 |
Report No. IF11816 |
Title
Updated August 6, 2021 Defense Health Primer: Military Vaccinations The Department of Defense (DOD) administers a variety of force health protection (FHP) measures to promote, protect, improve, conserve, and restore the health and well-being of servicemembers. These measures include health promotion and education programs, periodic health assessments, preventive therapies, medical countermeasures, ...
|
| Date Aug. 6, 2021 |
Report No. LSB10617 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Asylum Eligibility for Applicants Fleeing Gang and Domestic Violence: Recent Developments Updated August 6, 2021 Non-U.S. nationals (aliens, as the term is used in the Immigration and Nationality Act) from Central America have increasingly pursued asylum and related protections in the United States because of gang and domestic violence in their home countries. To qualify for ...
|
| Date Aug. 6, 2021 |
Report No. IF11893 |
Title
August 6, 2021 Merchant Discount, Interchange, and Other Transaction Fees in the Retail Electronic Payment System Recent policy discussions around faster payments, cryptocurrencies, and other financial innovations have highlighted some of the costs and fees associated with the retail payment system. In the past, Congress has passed legislation regulating some of the fees associated with certain ...
|
| Date Aug. 6, 2021 |
Report No. IN11718 |
Title
INSIGHTi VA Begins Adjudicating Claims for New Agent Orange Presumptions Included in NDAA FY2021 August 6, 2021 Background On January 1, 2021, the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (NDAA FY2021) became law (P.L. 116-283) after the House and Senate voted to override then-President Donald Trump s veto of the bill on December 28, 2020, and January 1, ...
|
| Date Aug. 5, 2021 |
Report No. IF11892 |
Title
August 5, 2021 At What Rate Do Noncitizens Appear for Their Removal Hearings? Measuring In Absentia Removal Order Rates Noncitizens who are charged by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) with immigration violations may have their cases adjudicated during immigration court removal proceedings. Immigration courts operate within the Department of Justice s Executive Office for Immigration ...
|
| Date Aug. 5, 2021 |
Report No. IF11796 |
Title
Updated August 5, 2021 Global COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution Background The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to severe health and economic consequences across the globe, as governments work to contain the spread of the virus and its variants. In late 2020, researchers started identifying several COVID-19 variants, now driving surges in related cases and deaths across Africa and ...
|
| Date Aug. 5, 2021 |
Report No. IN11720 |
Title
INSIGHTi Law Enforcement Reform Provisions in H.R. 4505 August 5, 2021 The George Floyd Justice in Policing Act of 2020 (JIPA, H.R. 1280) was passed by the House on March 3, 2021; the bill has not been taken up by the Senate. The FY2022 Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies (CJS) appropriations bill (H.R. 4505), reported by the House Committee on Appropriations, would implement parts of ...
|
| Date Aug. 5, 2021 |
Report No. IF11052 |
Title
Updated August 5, 2021 The United Kingdom, France and the Indo-Pacific Successive U.S. Administrations have sought to bring European allies into a range of strategic initiatives in the Indo-Pacific region. Most recently, President Biden during his visit to Europe in June 2021 sought greater cohesion with European allies on how democratic nations respond to challenges posed by China. While Europe s ...
|
