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| Date Oct. 18, 2018 |
Report No. IF11006 |
Title
October 18, 2018 The National Counterintelligence and Security Center (NCSC): An Overview Section 3.5(a) of Executive Order 12333, The U.S. Intelligence Community, defines counterintelligence (CI) as information gathered and activities conducted to identify, deceive, exploit, disrupt, or protect against espionage, other intelligence activities, sabotage, or assassinations conducted for or on ...
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| Date Oct. 17, 2018 |
Report No. R45344 |
Title
Global Trends in Democracy: Background, U.S. Policy, and Issues for Congress Updated October 17, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45344 SUMMARY Global Trends in Democracy: Background, U.S. Policy, and Issues for Congress Widespread concerns exist among analysts and policymakers over the current trajectory of democracy around the world. Congress has often played ...
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| Date Oct. 17, 2018 |
Report No. IF11004 |
Title
October 17, 2018 Financial Innovation: Digital Assets and Initial Coin Offerings This In Focus provides an overview of policy issues regarding digital assets in the capital markets. Digital assets (often referred to as crypto assets, among other terminology) are digital representations of value made possible by cryptography and blockchain (see CRS Report R45116, Blockchain: Background and Policy ...
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| Date Oct. 17, 2018 |
Report No. IN10981 |
Title
INSIGHTi U.S.-Japan Announce New Limited Trade Negotiations -name redactedAnalyst in International Trade and Finance -name redactedSpecialist in International Trade and Finance Updated October 17, 2018 On September 26, 2018, President Trump and Japanese Prime Minister Abe announced plans to enter into formal bilateral negotiations for a United-States Japan Trade Agreement on goods, as well as on ...
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| Date Oct. 17, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10206 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The United States and the World Court October 17, 2018 The Trump Administration recently announced plans to reevaluate the United States role before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) commonly called the World Court. This year, Iran and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO, designated as Palestine or State of Palestine within the U.N. system) initiated separate ...
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| Date Oct. 16, 2018 |
Report No. R45343 |
Title
FY2019 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Issues October 16, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45343 SUMMARY FY2019 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Issues Each year, the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) provides authorization of appropriations for a range of Department of Defense (DOD) and ...
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| Date Oct. 16, 2018 |
Report No. IN10935 |
Title
INSIGHTi Momentum Toward Peace Talks in Afghanistan? -name redactedAnalyst in Middle Eastern Affairs Updated October 16, 2018 Developments in Afghanistan since February 2018, including a potential change in the U.S. stance toward direct talks with the Taliban, have increased the prospects for a negotiated end to the conflict there. In August 2017, President Trump said, Someday, after an effective ...
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| Date Oct. 15, 2018 |
Report No. R45181 |
Title
Family Planning Program Under Title X of the Public Health Service Act Updated October 15, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45181 SUMMARY Family Planning Program Under Title X of the Public Health Service Act The federal government provides grants for family planning services through the Family Planning Program, Title X of the Public Health Service Act (PHSA; 42 ...
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| Date Oct. 15, 2018 |
Report No. R42504 |
Title
VA Housing: Guaranteed Loans, Direct Loans, and Specially Adapted Housing Grants Updated October 15, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42504 SUMMARY VA Housing: Guaranteed Loans, Direct Loans, and Specially Adapted Housing Grants The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has assisted veterans with homeownership since 1944, when Congress enacted the loan guaranty ...
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| Date Oct. 15, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10181 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The Music Modernization Act: Extending Copyright Protection to Pre-1972 Sound Recordings Updated October 15, 2018 UPDATE: On October 11, 2018, President Trump signed the Orrin G. Hatch-Bob Goodlatte Music Modernization Act (H.R. 1551) (the MMA) into law. The final bill reflects a compromise reached in the Senate regarding Title II of the bill, which was formerly called the ...
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| Date Oct. 11, 2018 |
Report No. R45341 |
Title
Expiration of the 2014 Farm Bill October 11, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45341 SUMMARY Expiration of the 2014 Farm Bill The farm bill is an omnibus, multi-year law that governs an array of agricultural and food programs. It provides an opportunity for policymakers to periodically address a broad range of agricultural and food issues. The farm bill is ...
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| Date Oct. 11, 2018 |
Report No. TE10029 |
Title
Statement of Ronald O'Rourke Specialist in Naval Affairs Before Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation Subcommittee on Oceans, Atmosphere, Fisheries, and Coast Guard U.S. Senate Hearing on Building the Fleets of the Future: Coast Guard and NOAA Fleet Recapitalization October 11, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov TE10029 Congressional Research Service 1 ...
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| Date Oct. 11, 2018 |
Report No. IN10980 |
Title
INSIGHTi Postelection Issues in Bosnia and Herzegovina nae redacted Analyst in Balkan and Southeast Europe Affairs October 11, 2018 During the wars of Yugoslav succession, many Members of Congress were active in the debate over U.S. policies toward Bosnia and Herzegovina (hereafter, Bosnia). The United States played a key role in brokering the 1995 Dayton Peace Accords, which ended the war in ...
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| Date Oct. 11, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10203 |
Title
Legal Sidebari House Passes Bill to Amend the Federal Crime of Violence Definition October 11, 2018 Recently the House passed the Community Safety and Security Act of 2018 (CSSA), which would amend the federal crime of violence (COV) definition found at 18 U.S.C. 16. Many federal statutes incorporate that definition for various purposes, including describing elements of certain criminal offenses, ...
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| Date Oct. 11, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10204 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Deference and its Discontents: Will the Supreme Court Overrule Chevron? October 11, 2018 Less than a week before announcing his retirement, Justice Anthony Kennedy called for the Supreme Court to reconsider the seminal administrative law doctrine known as Chevron deference in a concurring opinion in Pereira v. Sessions. The doctrine, established by the Court s opinion in Chevron ...
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| Date Oct. 10, 2018 |
Report No. IF11002 |
Title
October 10, 2018 Defense Health Primer: TRICARE Extended Care Health Option (ECHO) Since the 1950s, Congress has been creating various programs to support military quality of life, including TRICARE, Transition Assistance Program, Department of Defense (DOD) schools, child care centers, and Morale, Welfare, and Recreation programs. Military families who have special needs also encounter additional ...
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| Date Oct. 10, 2018 |
Report No. 98-446 |
Title
Congressional Liaison Offices of Selected Federal Agencies Audrey Celeste Crane-Hirsch Reference Librarian Updated October 10, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov 98-446 Congressional Liaison Offices of Selected Federal Agencies Summary This list of about 200 congressional liaison offices is intended to help congressional offices in placing telephone calls and addressing ...
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| Date Oct. 10, 2018 |
Report No. IF11001 |
Title
Updated October 10, 2018 Religious Intolerance in Indonesia Overview Indonesia is the world s most populous Muslim-majority country, and it has long been known for its moderate interpretations of Islam. Yet, in recent years, there have been numerous acts of religious intolerance directed against minority religious groups in the country, including Ahmadis, a Muslim sect. This sort of intolerance ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2018 |
Report No. R45337 |
Title
Social Media Adoption by Members of Congress: Trends and Congressional Considerations October 9, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45337 SUMMARY Social Media Adoption by Members of Congress: Trends and Congressional Considerations R45337 October 9, 2018 Jacob R. Straus Specialist on the Congress Communication between Members of Congress and their constituents has ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2018 |
Report No. R45339 |
Title
Banking: Current Expected Credit Loss (CECL) October 9, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45339 SUMMARY Banking: Current Expected Credit Loss (CECL) R45339 October 9, 2018 Some observers asserted that leading up to the financial crisis of 2007-2009 banks did not have sufficient credit loss reserves or capital to absorb the resulting losses and as a consequence ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2018 |
Report No. R44218 |
Title
Columbus Day: Fact Sheet Updated October 9, 2018 (R44218) Introduction Columbus Day is a federal holiday commemorating Christopher Columbus's historic voyage landing in the Americas on October 12, 1492. It has also become a time to honor Italian American heritage. This guide is designed to assist congressional offices with work related to Columbus Day celebrations. It contains biographical ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2018 |
Report No. IF10998 |
Title
Updated October 9, 2018 Effects of U.S. Tariff Action on U.S. Aluminum Manufacturing Since March 2018, the United States has assessed duties of 10% or more on certain imports of aluminum on national security grounds. The duties are controversial, with some Members of Congress questioning whether the duties will encourage domestic aluminum production and whether they could adversely affect U.S. ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2018 |
Report No. IF11000 |
Title
October 9, 2018 Pakistan s Economic Crisis Background Despite decades of International Monetary Fund (IMF)supported reforms, Pakistan remains a poor country afflicted by food, water, and energy shortages. These problems, at times severe enough to curtail business operations and stunt agricultural yields, cause considerable economic anxiety and weigh heavily on leaders. Corruption is another major ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2018 |
Report No. IF10999 |
Title
October 9, 2018 Defense s 30-Year Aircraft Plan Reveals New Details Each year, the Department of Defense issues a 30-year aviation plan, intended to chart the direction of the aviation enterprise. This plan is typically relatively short on specifics, in part because 30 years is rather far to foresee in detail, particularly as that goes 25 years beyond official defense budget projections. By ...
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| Date Oct. 5, 2018 |
Report No. R45258 |
Title
Energy and Water Development: FY2019 Appropriations Updated October 5, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45258 SUMMARY Energy and Water Development: FY2019 Appropriations The Energy and Water Development appropriations bill provides funding for civil works projects of the Army Corps of Engineers (Corps); the Department of the Interior s Bureau of Reclamation ( ...
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| Date Oct. 5, 2018 |
Report No. R45336 |
Title
Agency Delay: Congressional and Judicial Means to Expedite Agency Rulemaking October 5, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45336 SUMMARY Agency Delay: Congressional and Judicial Means to Expedite Agency Rulemaking Agencies are sometimes criticized for taking too long to promulgate regulations and issue decisions. Some amount of time, of course, is necessary for ...
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| Date Oct. 5, 2018 |
Report No. R45334 |
Title
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act s (ACA s) Risk Adjustment Program: Frequently Asked Questions (name redacted) Presidential Management Fellow Updated October 5, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45334 SUMMARY The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act s (ACA s) Risk Adjustment Program: Frequently Asked Questions R45334 October 5, 2018 (name redacted) ...
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| Date Oct. 5, 2018 |
Report No. IF10996 |
Title
October 5, 2018 Agricultural Provisions of the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement On September 30, 2018, the Trump Administration announced an agreement with Canada and Mexico to replace the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA). USMCA, if finalized, will allow food and agriculture products to trade more fairly, according to the U.S. Trade ...
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| Date Oct. 5, 2018 |
Report No. IF10995 |
Title
October 5, 2018 The Federal Role in Railroad Bridge Safety Railroad bridges carry heavy and potentially dangerous loads over busy roadways and important waterways. Many of these bridges are a century old or more. For example, the Metropolis and Sciotoville bridges over the Ohio River, owned and maintained by freight railroads BNSF and CSX, respectively, were built in 1917. Near Baltimore, CSX ...
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| Date Oct. 4, 2018 |
Report No. R45150 |
Title
Federal Research and Development (R&D) Funding: FY2019 Updated October 4, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45150 SUMMARY Federal Research and Development (R&D) Funding: FY2019 R45150 October 4, 2018 John F. Sargent Jr., Coordinator President Trump s budget request for FY2019 includes approximately $131.0 billion for Specialist in Science and research and ...
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| Date Oct. 4, 2018 |
Report No. R44621 |
Title
Department of Homeland Security Appropriations: FY2017 Updated October 4, 2017 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44621 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations: FY2017 Summary This report discusses the FY2017 appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Its primary focus is on funding approved by Congress through the appropriations process. It ...
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| Date Oct. 4, 2018 |
Report No. R45096 |
Title
Iraq: Issues in the 115th Congress Updated October 4, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45096 Iraq: Issues in the 115th Congress Summary Iraq s government declared military victory against the Islamic State organization (IS, aka ISIS/ISIL) in December 2017, but insurgent attacks by remaining IS fighters threaten Iraqis as they shift their attention toward ...
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| Date Oct. 4, 2018 |
Report No. IN10917 |
Title
INSIGHTi Ebola: Democratic Republic of Congo -name redacted-, Coordinator Specialist in Global Health -name redactedResearch Assistant Updated October 4, 2018 On August 1, 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that a new Ebola outbreak was detected in the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), about one week after having declared that a separate outbreak had ended in ...
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| Date Oct. 4, 2018 |
Report No. IF10977 |
Title
Updated October 4, 2018 Tax Reform 2.0: The Ways and Means Tax Proposals The Ways and Means Committee, on September 13, 2018, approved three tax bills. H.R. 6760, the Protecting Family and Small Business Tax Cuts Act of 2018, would make the individual tax cuts in the 2017 tax revision (commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act) permanent. H.R. 6757, the Family Savings Act of 2018, would ...
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| Date Oct. 3, 2018 |
Report No. R45330 |
Title
Labor Market Patterns Since 2007 name redacted Specialist in Labor Policy name redacted Specialist in Macroeconomic Policy October 3, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45330 SUMMARY Labor Market Patterns Since 2007 The period since 2007 has been a time of significant change for labor markets. The Great Recession of 2007-2009, the longest and deepest recession since the Great ...
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| Date Oct. 3, 2018 |
Report No. R45396 |
Title
The Trump Administration s Free and Open Indo-Pacific : Issues for Congress (name redacted), Coordinator Specialist in Asian Affairs October 3, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45396 SUMMARY The Trump Administration s Free and Open Indo-Pacific : Issues for Congress R45396 October 3, 2018 -name redacted-, The Trump Administration has outlined a goal of promoting a Free and ...
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| Date Oct. 3, 2018 |
Report No. IF10994 |
Title
Updated October 3, 2018 Risk Adjustment in the Private Health Insurance Market Section 1343 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA; P.L. 111-148, as amended) established a permanent risk adjustment program that is designed to assess charges to private health plans in a state that have relatively healthier enrollees and to use collected charges to make payments to private health ...
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| Date Oct. 3, 2018 |
Report No. IF10993 |
Title
October 3, 2018 Consumer Credit Markets and Loan Pricing: The Basics Congress has demonstrated an ongoing interest in consumer credit markets. This In-Focus provides an overview of consumer lending markets, pricing, and legislative efforts designed to facilitate efficient credit allocation and pricing. Consumer Credit Markets: Introduction Credit allows consumers to make purchases today rather ...
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| Date Oct. 2, 2018 |
Report No. R45212 |
Title
Water Resources Development Act of 2018 (H.R. 8) and America s Water Infrastructure Act of 2018 (Amendment to H.R. 8): An Overview Updated October 2, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45212 Water Authorization Legislation in the 115th Congress Summary Omnibus Water Authorization Legislation in the 115th Congress. The 115th Congress initiated deliberations on an ...
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| Date Oct. 2, 2018 |
Report No. R45304 |
Title
Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF): Overview, Issues, and Legislation (name redacted) Specialist in Environmental Policy Updated October 2, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45304 SUMMARY Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF): Overview, Issues, and Legislation R45304 October 2, 2018 (name redated) The state of the nation s water infrastructure and the ...
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| Date Oct. 2, 2018 |
Report No. IN10944 |
Title
INSIGHTi Status of FY2019 LHHS Appropriations name redacted Specialist in Social Policy name redacted Specialist in Social Policy Updated October 2, 2018 On Friday, September 28, the President signed into law H.R. 6157 (P.L. 115-245), which contains fullyear FY2019 appropriations for the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies (LHHS) in Division B. This ...
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| Date Oct. 1, 2018 |
Report No. R45326 |
Title
Army Corps of Engineers Annual and Supplemental Appropriations: Issues for Congress Nicole T. Carter Specialist in Natural Resources Policy Updated October 1, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45326 SUMMARY Army Corps of Engineers Annual and Supplemental Appropriations: Issues for Congress R45326 October 1, 2018 Nicole T. Carter Specialist in Natural Resources Policy ncarter@ ...
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| Date Sept. 28, 2018 |
Report No. RL32878 |
Title
Cloture Attempts on Nominations: Data and Historical Development Through November 20, 2013 Updated September 28, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL32878 Cloture Attempts on Nominations: Data and Historical Development Summary The motion for cloture is available in the Senate to limit debate on nominations, as on other matters. Table 6 lists all nominations ...
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| Date Sept. 28, 2018 |
Report No. R45147 |
Title
Errors and Fraud in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Randy Alison Aussenberg Specialist in Nutrition Assistance Policy Updated September 28, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45147 {222A0E69-13A2-4 985-84AE-73 CC3D FF4D02}- R-008032 105221 177189 069140 163240 174026 137243 109106 085049 077141 004149 130129 188203 094057 074101 083247 146168 153139 200124 ...
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| Date Sept. 28, 2018 |
Report No. R45324 |
Title
The Interaction Between Medicare Premiums and Social Security COLAs Kristanna H. Peris Analyst in Health Care Financing Updated September 28, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45324 SUMMARY The Interaction Between Medicare Premiums and Social Security COLAs Social Security and Medicare assist in providing financial security to most elderly and disabled individuals in the ...
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| Date Sept. 28, 2018 |
Report No. RS20099 |
Title
Former Speakers of the House: Office Allowances, Franking Privileges, and Staff Assistance Updated September 28, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS20099 Former Speakers of the House Summary Beginning in 1970 and until the passage of P.L. 115-244, former Speakers of the House of Representatives were provided with an allowance upon their departure from the House. ...
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| Date Sept. 28, 2018 |
Report No. IF10989 |
Title
Updated September 28, 2018 Expiration of the 2014 Farm Bill: Some Potential Implications The farm bill is an omnibus, multi-year law that governs an array of agricultural and food programs. It provides an opportunity for policymakers to periodically address a broad range of agricultural and food issues. The farm bill has typically undergone reauthorization about every five years. In the past, farm ...
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| Date Sept. 28, 2018 |
Report No. IN10975 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT South Sudan's Civil War: Nearly 400,000 Estimated Dead Updated September 28, 2018 (IN10975) | Related Author Lauren Ploch Blanchard | Lauren Ploch Blanchard, Specialist in African Affairs (lploch@crs.loc.gov, 7-7640) South Sudan, which became the world's newest country when it split from Sudan in 2011, has been mired in civil war since December 2013. The war has had a devastating ...
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| Date Sept. 28, 2018 |
Report No. IN10972 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Global Trade Imbalances Updated September 28, 2018 (IN10972) | Related Author James K. Jackson | James K. Jackson, Specialist in International Trade and Finance (jjackson@crs.loc.gov, 7-7751) In July 2018, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) released its latest report on global trade imbalances that identifies countries with "excessive" current account balances and exchange rates ...
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| Date Sept. 27, 2018 |
Report No. IN10973 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Canada's Dairy Supply Management System Updated September 27, 2018 (IN10973) | Related Authors Joel L. Greene Andres B. Schwarzenberg | Joel L. Greene, Analyst in Agricultural Policy (jgreene@crs.loc.gov, 7-9877) Andres B. Schwarzenberg, Analyst in International Trade and Finance (aschwarzenberg@crs.loc.gov, 7-8953) On August 31, 2018, President Donald Trump notified Congress that he ...
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