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| Date Dec. 6, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10226 |
Title
Legal Sidebari State and Local Governments Pursue Judicial Solutions to the Opioid Epidemic December 6, 2018 Given the severity of the opioid epidemic and its prominence as a matter of national concern, efforts to combat the issue are of significant interest to Congress. Federal, state, and local lawmakers and executive branch agencies continue to develop and implement a wide range of responses to ...
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| Date Dec. 4, 2018 |
Report No. R45421 |
Title
Congressional Oversight of Intelligence: Background and Selected Options for Further Reform /name redacted/ Analyst in Intelligence and National Security December 4, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45421 SUMMARY Congressional Oversight of Intelligence: Background and Selected Options for Further Reform R45421 December 4, 2018 name redacted Analyst in Intelligence and ...
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| Date Dec. 4, 2018 |
Report No. IN11005 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT The G-20 Summit and Trump-Xi Meeting in Buenos Aires: Key Outcomes December 4, 2018 (IN11005) | Related Authors Rebecca M. Nelson Wayne M. Morrison | Rebecca M. Nelson, Specialist in International Trade and Finance (rnelson@crs.loc.gov, 7-6819) Wayne M. Morrison, Specialist in Asian Trade and Finance (wmorrison@crs.loc.gov, 7-7767) Argentina hosted the annual Group of 20 (G-20) summit ...
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| Date Dec. 3, 2018 |
Report No. R45420 |
Title
U.S. Trade Trends and Developments name redacted Analyst in International Trade and Finance December 3, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45420 SUMMARY U.S. Trade Trends and Developments Summary R45420 December 3, 2018 name reda cted Analyst in International The United States is the world s biggest economy (in nominal dollars), leading trading nation Trade and Finance (goods ...
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| Date Dec. 3, 2018 |
Report No. R45423 |
Title
Public Health and Other Related Provisions in P.L 115-271, the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act Updated December 3, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45423 SUMMARY Public Health and Other Related Provisions in P.L 115-271, the SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act On October 24, 2018, President Donald J. Trump signed into law H.R. 6, the Substance Use- ...
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| Date Dec. 3, 2018 |
Report No. R44249 |
Title
The European Union: Ongoing Challenges and Future Prospects Updated December 3, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44249 The European Union: Ongoing Challenges and Future Prospects Summary The European Union (EU) is a unique partnership in which member states have pooled sovereignty in certain policy areas and harmonized laws on a wide range of economic and ...
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| Date Dec. 3, 2018 |
Report No. IN11003 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Presidential State Funerals: Past Practices and Security Considerations Updated December 3, 2018 (IN11003) | Related Authors Jacob R. Straus Shawn Reese View More... | Jacob R. Straus, Specialist on the Congress (jstraus@crs.loc.gov, 7-6438) Shawn Reese, Analyst in Emergency Management and Homeland Security Policy (sreese@crs.loc.gov, 7-0635) Maria Kreiser, Senior Research Librarian ( ...
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| Date Dec. 3, 2018 |
Report No. IF11036 |
Title
December 3, 2018 U.S. Oil and Natural Gas Transformation and Effects Overview U.S. oil and natural gas production has increased substantially since 2008 (Figure 1). These increases have important policy implications for energy markets, infrastructure, security, and the environment. These complex and interrelated implications have been both positive and negative, depending on perspectives, ...
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| Date Dec. 3, 2018 |
Report No. IN11004 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Russia's Use of Force Against the Ukrainian Navy December 3, 2018 (IN11004) | Related Author Cory Welt | Cory Welt, Analyst in European Affairs (cwelt@crs.loc.gov, 7-0530) Naval Incident Escalates Tensions On November 25, 2018, Russian coast guard vessels in the Black Sea forcibly prevented two small Ukrainian armored artillery boats and a tugboat from transiting the Kerch Strait en ...
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| Date Dec. 3, 2018 |
Report No. IF11034 |
Title
December 3, 2018 Campaign Finance: Key Policy and Constitutional Issues Campaign Finance Policy: The Basics For more than a century, Congress has attempted to limit potential corruption and ensure transparency in campaigns through two major approaches: (1) limiting sources and amounts of financial contributions and (2) requiring disclosure about contributions and expenditures. Two major federal ...
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| Date Nov. 30, 2018 |
Report No. R45419 |
Title
Trends in Social Security Disability Insurance Enrollment November 30, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45419 SUMMARY Trends in Social Security Disability Insurance Enrollment R45419 November 30, 2018 Zhe Li The Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program pays cash benefits to non-elderly Analyst in Social Policy workers and their dependents provided ...
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| Date Nov. 30, 2018 |
Report No. R44410 |
Title
Cybersecurity: Critical Infrastructure Authoritative Reports and Resources Updated November 30, 2018 (R44410) Jump to Main Text of Report Contents Introduction Tables Table Table Table Table Table Table Table 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Overview Reports and Resources Energy Sector Financial Industry Sector Health Sector Telecommunications and Communications Sector Transportation Other Critical ...
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| Date Nov. 30, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10224 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Schemes and False Statements: Supreme Court to Consider Scope of Anti-Fraud Liability Under Securities Laws Jay B. Sykes Legislative Attorney November 30, 2018 On December 3, 2018, the Supreme Court will hear oral arguments in Lorenzo v. Securities and Exchange Commission, a case involving the scope of anti-fraud liability under federal securities law that may have significant ...
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| Date Nov. 29, 2018 |
Report No. TE10030 |
Title
Statement of Ronald O'Rourke Specialist in Naval Affairs Before Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation U.S. House of Representatives Hearing on Icebreaker Acquisition and the Need for a National Maritime Strategy November 29, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov TE10030 Congressional Research Service 1 ...
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| Date Nov. 29, 2018 |
Report No. R45416 |
Title
Commercial Space: Federal Regulation, Oversight, and Utilization November 29, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45416 SUMMARY Commercial Space: Federal Regulation, Oversight, and Utilization R45416 November 29, 2018 Daniel Morgan U.S. companies have always been involved in spaceflight as contractors to government agencies. Specialist in Science and Technology ...
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| Date Nov. 29, 2018 |
Report No. IN10982 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT After Prudential, Are There Any Systemically Important Nonbanks? Updated November 29, 2018 (IN10982) | Related Authors Marc Labonte Baird Webel | Marc Labonte, Specialist in Macroeconomic Policy (mlabonte@crs.loc.gov, 7-0640) Baird Webel, Specialist in Financial Economics (bwebel@crs.loc.gov, 7-0652) During the 2008 financial crisis, problems at AIG, Bear Stearns, and Lehman Brothers ...
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| Date Nov. 28, 2018 |
Report No. R45080 |
Title
Government Contract Bid Protests: Analysis of Legal Processes and Recent Developments Updated November 28, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45080 SUMMARY Government Contract Bid Protests: Analysis of Legal Processes and Recent Developments R45080 November 28, 2018 David H. Carpenter In FY2017, the federal government obligated approximately $500 billion to ...
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| Date Nov. 28, 2018 |
Report No. RS20544 |
Title
The Office of the Parliamentarian in the House and Senate Updated November 28, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS20544 The Office of the Parliamentarian in the House and Senate T he House and the Senate each has an Office of the Parliamentarian to provide expert advice and assistance on questions relating to the meaning and application of that chamber s ...
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| Date Nov. 28, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10223 |
Title
Legal Sidebar The National Security Exception and the World Trade Organization Brandon J. Murrill Legislative Attorney November 28, 2018 Introduction Recent international trade disputes between the United States and other Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) have raised thorny questions about the relationship between national sovereignty and the multilateral rules-based trading system. In ...
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| Date Nov. 28, 2018 |
Report No. IN11002 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Brexit at a Pivotal Moment November 28, 2018 (IN11002) | Related Author Derek E. Mix | Derek E. Mix, Analyst in European Affairs (dmix@crs.loc.gov, 7-9116) UK Parliament to Vote on Withdrawal Agreement Four months away from the United Kingdom's (UK's) expected withdrawal from the European Union (EU), discord and uncertainty remain central themes in the analysis of "Brexit." The efforts ...
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| Date Nov. 28, 2018 |
Report No. IF11031 |
Title
November 28, 2018 The U.S. Economy in a Global Context Congress faces challenges in formulating policies to foster economic growth. The imbalance between federal spending and revenues will continue and grow in the long run if current policies are continued. This imbalance will lead to unsustainable growth in the federal debt. Nevertheless, deficit reduction that is too large can temporarily slow ...
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| Date Nov. 27, 2018 |
Report No. R45413 |
Title
FY2018 and FY2019 Agriculture Appropriations: Federal Food Safety Activities Updated November 27, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45413 SUMMARY FY2018 and FY2019 Agriculture Appropriations: Federal Food Safety Activities The Agriculture appropriations bill formally known as the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies ...
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| Date Nov. 27, 2018 |
Report No. IN11001 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Revisiting the Doubling Effort: Trends in Federal Funding for Basic Research in the Physical Sciences and Engineering November 27, 2018 (IN11001) | Related Author John F. Sargent Jr. | John F. Sargent Jr., Specialist in Science and Technology Policy (jsargent@crs.loc.gov, 7-9147) The adequacy of federal investment in physical sciences and engineering (PS&E) basic research is a long- ...
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| Date Nov. 27, 2018 |
Report No. IN10950 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Financial Services and General Government (FSGG) FY2019 Appropriations and Financial Regulatory Reform Updated November 27, 2018 (IN10950) | Related Authors Baird Webel Marc Labonte View More... | Baird Webel, Specialist in Financial Economics (bwebel@crs.loc.gov, 7-0652) Marc Labonte, Specialist in Macroeconomic Policy (mlabonte@crs.loc.gov, 7-0640) Eva Su, Analyst in Financial ...
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| Date Nov. 27, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10220 |
Title
Legal Sidebari State Money-Bail Systems: Differing Approaches Alison M. Smith Legislative Attorney November 27, 2018 Should state money-bail systems exist? This question has prompted both legislative interest and litigation concerning the constitutionality of such systems. While the use of money-based bail systems, whereby a criminal defendant deposits money with the court to enable or expedite ...
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| Date Nov. 26, 2018 |
Report No. R45412 |
Title
Medicaid Alternative Benefit Plan Coverage: Frequently Asked Questions November 26, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45412 SUMMARY Medicaid Alternative Benefit Plan Coverage: Frequently Asked Questions Medicaid is a federal-state program that finances the delivery of primary and acute medical services, as well as long-term services and supports, to a diverse low ...
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| Date Nov. 23, 2018 |
Report No. R45411 |
Title
Energy Savings Performance Contracts (ESPCs) and Utility Energy Service Contracts (UESCs) November 23, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45411 SUMMARY Energy Savings Performance Contracts (ESPCs) and Utility Energy Service Contracts (UESCs) Many in Congress have expressed a continuing interest in improving energy efficiency and increasing the use of renewable ...
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| Date Nov. 23, 2018 |
Report No. IF10861 |
Title
Updated November 23, 2018 Global Human Rights: Multilateral Bodies & U.S. Participation Congress has guided and shaped the U.S role in the current international human rights architecture, which grew out of the atrocities and destruction of World War II. The United Nations (U.N.) Charter, signed in 1945, included broad expressions of support for human rights and fundamental freedoms. In 1948, the ...
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| Date Nov. 23, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10219 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Antitrust and the iPhone: Supreme Court to Consider Whether App Store Customers Can Sue Apple for Monopolization Jay B. Sykes Legislative Attorney November 23, 2018 On November 26, 2018, the Supreme Court will hear oral arguments in Apple v. Pepper, an antitrust case involving the iPhone s App Store that may have significant implications for other electronic marketplaces like Google ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2018 |
Report No. R43930 |
Title
Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) Program: Background and Funding Updated November 21, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R43930 MIECHV Program: Background and Funding Summary The federal Maternal, Infant, and Early Childhood Home Visiting (MIECHV) program supports home visiting services for families with young children who reside in ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2018 |
Report No. R45025 |
Title
Iraq: Background and U.S. Policy Updated November 21, 2017 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45025 Iraq: Background and U.S. Policy Summary The 115th Congress and the Trump Administration are considering options for U.S. engagement with Iraq as Iraqis look beyond the immediate security challenges posed by their intense threeyear battle with the insurgent terrorists of ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2018 |
Report No. IN11000 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Election Policy on the November 2018 Ballot November 21, 2018 (IN11000) | Related Author Karen L. Shanton | Karen L. Shanton, Analyst in American National Government (kshanton@crs.loc.gov, 7-2037) On November 6, voters in some states did not just vote on the policymakers who will represent them. They also made policy themselves, by approving or rejecting ballot measures. Some of the ...
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| Date Nov. 20, 2018 |
Report No. R43310 |
Title
Cybersecurity: Data, Statistics, and Glossaries Updated November 20, 2018 (R43310) Jump to Main Text of Report Contents Data and Statistics Cybersecurity: Glossaries, Lexicons, and Guidance Tables Table 1. Data and Statistics: Cyber Incidents, Data Breaches, Cybercrime Table 2. Glossaries, Lexicons, and Guidance Pertaining to Cybersecurity Concepts Summary This report describes data and statistics ...
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| Date Nov. 20, 2018 |
Report No. R45392 |
Title
U.S. Ground Forces Robotics and Autonomous Systems (RAS) and Artificial Intelligence (AI): Considerations for Congress (name redacted)- Coordinator Specialist in Military Ground Forces (name redacted) Specialist in Military Manpower Policy (name redacted) Legislative Attorney (name redacted) Analyst in Science and Technology Policy Updated November 20, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... ...
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| Date Nov. 19, 2018 |
Report No. R44836 |
Title
Unemployment Insurance: Legislative Issues in the 115th Congress Updated November 19, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44836 Unemployment Insurance: Legislative Issues in the 115th Congress Summary The 115th Congress continues to consider many issues related to the two major components of the unemployment insurance (UI) system: Unemployment Compensation (UC) and ...
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| Date Nov. 19, 2018 |
Report No. IN10998 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT California Wildfires: Brief Overview of FEMA Programs and Resources Updated November 19, 2018 (IN10998) | Related Author Bruce R. Lindsay | Bruce R. Lindsay, Coordinator, Analyst in American National Government (blindsay@crs.loc.gov, 7-3752) Jared T. Brown, Analyst in Emergency Management and Homeland Security Policy (jbrown@crs.loc.gov, 7-4918) Diane P. Horn, Analyst in Flood ...
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| Date Nov. 19, 2018 |
Report No. R44873 |
Title
FY2017 State Grants Under Title I-A of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) (name redacted) Specialist in Education Policy (name redacted) Analyst in Education Policy Updated November 19, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44873 FY2017 State Grants Under Title I-A of the ESEA Summary The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), as amended by the Every ...
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| Date Nov. 19, 2018 |
Report No. IN10909 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Recent Legislative and Regulatory Developments in States' Ability to Drug Test Unemployment Compensation Applicants and Beneficiaries Updated November 19, 2018 (IN10909) | Related Authors Julie M. Whittaker Katelin P. Isaacs | Julie M. Whittaker, Specialist in Income Security (jwhittaker@crs.loc.gov, 7-2587) Katelin P. Isaacs, Specialist in Income Security (kisaacs@crs.loc.gov, 7-7355) ...
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| Date Nov. 19, 2018 |
Report No. IF11027 |
Title
November 19, 2018 United States and Saudi Arabia Energy Relations Following the murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi at a Saudi Arabia consulate in Istanbul, Turkey, some Members of Congress have expressed interest in taking action against Saudi Arabia for its apparent role. The purpose of this In Focus is to provide a non-comprehensive overview of the U.S.-Saudi Arabia energy relationship that ...
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| Date Nov. 19, 2018 |
Report No. IF11026 |
Title
November 19, 2018 Insulin Products and the Cost of Diabetes Treatment Insulin is a hormone that regulates the storage and use of sugar (glucose) by cells in the body. When the pancreas does not make enough insulin (type 1 diabetes) or it cannot be used effectively (type 2 diabetes), sugar builds up in the blood. This may lead to serious complications, such as heart disease, stroke, blindness, ...
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| Date Nov. 19, 2018 |
Report No. IF10592 |
Title
Updated November 19, 2018 Infrastructure Investment and the Federal Government The condition and performance of infrastructure are generally thought to be important for the nation s health, welfare, and economy. More contentious are the optimal level of infrastructure investment, the effectiveness of this investment, and the appropriate role of the federal government. The current federal role in ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2018 |
Report No. R44955 |
Title
Serbia: Background and U.S. Relations Updated November 16, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44955 Serbia: Background and U.S. Relations Summary Following the conflicts in the 1990s in the countries of the former Yugoslavia, the prospect of membership in the Euro-Atlantic community and the active presence of the United States and European Union (EU) in the ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2018 |
Report No. R45407 |
Title
Teacher Preparation Policies and Issues in the Higher Education Act -name redactedSpecialist in Education Policy Updated November 16, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45407 SUMMARY Teacher Preparation Policies and Issues in the Higher Education Act Approximately 26,000 state-approved teacher preparation programs are in operation across the United States. Among these, about ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2018 |
Report No. IF10864 |
Title
Updated November 16, 2018 Army Corps of Engineers: FY2019 Appropriations Congress generally funds the civil works activities of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in an annual Energy and Water Development appropriations act. These activities consist primarily of planning and constructing water resource projects and maintaining federal infrastructure operated by USACE (e.g., navigation ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2018 |
Report No. IN10976 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Brazil's Presidential Election Updated November 16, 2018 (IN10976) | Related Author Peter J. Meyer | Peter J. Meyer, Specialist in Latin American Affairs (pmeyer@crs.loc.gov, 7-5474) Brazil the fifth most populous country and ninth-largest economy in the world held presidential, legislative, and state elections in October 2018. Antiestablishment sentiment carried the day, as voters ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2018 |
Report No. 98-317 |
Title
Types of Committee Hearings Updated November 15, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov 98-317 Types of Committee Hearings ongressional committee hearings may be broadly classified into four types: legislative, oversight, investigative, and confirmation. Hearings may be held on Capitol Hill or elsewhere (e.g., a committee member s district or state, or a site related ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2018 |
Report No. R45405 |
Title
The SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (P.L. 115-271): Food and Drug Administration and Controlled Substance Provisions November 15, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45405 SUMMARY The SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Act (P.L. 115-271): Food and Drug Administration and Controlled Substance Provisions On October 24, 2018, President Trump signed into law ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2018 |
Report No. 98-311 |
Title
Senate Rules Affecting Committees Updated November 15, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov 98-311 Senate Rules Affecting Committees Summary The Senate imposes some general procedural requirements and prohibitions on its committees, but, in general, the Senate s rules allow each of its standing committees to decide how to conduct business. Most of the chamber s ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2018 |
Report No. 98-306 |
Title
Points of Order, Rulings, and Appeals in the Senate Updated November 15, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov 98-306 Points of Order, Rulings, and Appeals in the Senate T he Senate s presiding officer typically does not have responsibility for proactively ensuring that matters under consideration comply with the rules. Instead, Senators may enforce the Senate s ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10217 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Who Can Serve as Acting Attorney General Valerie C. Brannon Legislative Attorney Jared P. Cole Legislative Attorney November 15, 2018 A recent shake-up in the leadership at the Department of Justice (DOJ) has brought to the fore a number of unresolved legal questions surrounding the President s ability to name acting officers. The controversy began on November 7, 2018, when then- ...
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