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| Date July 24, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10175 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Supreme Court Rules Ohio Voter Roll Law Comports with National Voter Registration Act July 24, 2018 In a 5-4 decision, the Supreme Court recently ruled in Husted v. A. Philip Randolph Institute that an Ohio process for removing the names of registrants from its official federal voter registration rolls comports with the National Voter Registration Act (NVRA). The case turned on the ...
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| Date July 24, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10176 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty with the Russian Federation: A Sketch July 24, 2018 The recent indictment by Special Counsel Robert Mueller of twelve Russian intelligence officials for offenses related to interference in the 2016 U.S. presidential election raises questions concerning the Russian Federation s obligations to cooperate with U.S. prosecutorial efforts. Russian President ...
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| Date July 23, 2018 |
Report No. R45269 |
Title
Judicial Opinions of Judge Brett M. Kavanaugh Michael John Garcia, Coordinator Acting Section Research Manager July 23, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45269 Judicial Opinions of Judge Brett M. Kavanaugh Summary On July 9, 2018, President Trump announced the nomination of Judge Brett M. Kavanaugh of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. ...
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| Date July 23, 2018 |
Report No. R45267 |
Title
Animal and Plant Export Health Certificates in U.S. Agricultural Trade (name redacted) Analyst in Agricultural Policy July 23, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45267 SUMMARY Animal and Plant Export Health Certificates in U.S. Agricultural Trade R45267 July 23, 2018 name redacted Analyst in Agricultural Policy -redacted-@crs.loc.gov An agricultural export health certificate ...
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| Date July 23, 2018 |
Report No. IN10934 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Flying Cars and Drones Pose Policy Challenges for Managing and Regulating Low-Altitude Airspace July 23, 2018 (IN10934) | Related Author Bart Elias | Bart Elias, Specialist in Aviation Policy (belias@crs.loc.gov, 7-7771) For more than half a century, "flying car" concepts have graced the covers of Popular Science magazine, have been featured in futuristic Hollywood sci-fi movies, and, ...
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| Date July 20, 2018 |
Report No. R45265 |
Title
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: An Overview name redacted Analyst in Natural Resources Policy July 20, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45265 SUMMARY U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: An Overview The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), an agency within the Department of the Interior (DOI), is the principal federal agency tasked with the conservation, protection, and ...
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| Date July 20, 2018 |
Report No. R43333 |
Title
Iran Nuclear Agreement and U.S. Exit (name redacted) Specialist in Nonproliferation (name redacted) Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs July 20, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43333 Iran Nuclear Agreement Summary On July 14, 2015, Iran and the six powers that had negotiated with Tehran about its nuclear program since 2006 (the United States, the United Kingdom, France, ...
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| Date July 20, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10174 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Supreme Court Invalidates Public-Sector Union Agency Fees: Considerations for Congress in the Wake of Janus July 20, 2018 On June 27, 2018, the Supreme Court held that agency fee arrangements between a union and a government employer necessarily violate the First Amendment, overruling its 1977 decision in Abood v. Detroit Board of Education. Agency fee arrangements (sometimes called ...
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| Date July 20, 2018 |
Report No. IN10933 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT The Trump-Putin Summit July 20, 2018 (IN10933) | Related Author Cory Welt | Cory Welt, Analyst in European Affairs (cwelt@crs.loc.gov, 7-0530) On July 16, 2018, U.S. President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin held a summit in Helsinki, Finland. This was the first U.S.-Russia summit since 2010, when President Barack Obama met with Putin's predecessor Dmitry Medvedev in ...
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| Date July 20, 2018 |
Report No. IN10932 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT "Duck Boat" Accident Highlights Gap in Regulation July 20, 2018 (IN10932) | Related Author Bill Canis | Bill Canis, Specialist in Industrial Organization and Business (bcanis@crs.loc.gov, 7-1568) On July 19, 2018, an amphibious vehicle capsized during a sudden storm on a lake in Branson, MO, killing at least 17 passengers. The accident highlights gaps and discrepancies in federal ...
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| Date July 20, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10173 |
Title
Legal Sidebar Patent Owners May Recover Foreign-Based Damages in Certain Infringement Cases Updated July 20, 2018 In WesternGeco LLC v. ION Geophysical Corp., the U.S. Supreme Court held that patent owners prevailing in infringement suits involving unauthorized foreign uses of their patented inventions may be entitled to damages based on lost foreign profits. This decision opens the possibility ...
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| Date July 19, 2018 |
Report No. IF10929 |
Title
July 19, 2018 Emergency Department Boarding of Behavioral Health Patients This In Focus outlines emergency department (ED) boarding of behavioral health (BH) patients. Behavioral health refers to patients with psychiatric and/or substance use disorders. Boarding refers to the holding of inpatients in an ED after an admission or transfer decision has been made. ED boarding, as it contributes to ED ...
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| Date July 19, 2018 |
Report No. IF10928 |
Title
July 19, 2018 FY2019 Defense Appropriations Bill: An Overview of Housepassed H.R. 6157 H.R. 6157, the FY2019 Defense Appropriations Bill passed by the House on June 28, would provide $667.5 billion to fund all activities of the Department of Defense (DOD) except for the construction of military facilities and the operation of military family housing complexes. This amounts to $882 million less ...
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| Date July 18, 2018 |
Report No. R452260 |
Title
Ghana: Current Issues and U.S. Relations in Brief Nicolas Cook Specialist in African Affairs July 18, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45260 Ghana: Current Issues and U.S. Relations in Brief Contents Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 1 Politics and Governance ...
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| Date July 18, 2018 |
Report No. IN10104 |
Title
CRS Insights Israel and Hamas: Another Round of Conflict Jim Zanotti, Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs (jzanotti@crs.loc.gov, 7-1441) July 18, 2014 (IN10104) Periodic violence between Palestinian militants in the Gaza Strip including the Islamist group Hamas and Israel's military became a larger conflict on July 6-7, 2014, and Israel began a ground operation in Gaza on July 17 with the stated ...
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| Date July 18, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10172 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Can a President Amend Regulations by Executive Order? July 18, 2018 An executive order signed by President Trump on July 10, 2018, raises the question of whether a President with the stroke of a pen can amend federal rules codified in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). In Executive Order 13843, the President changed the hiring process for administrative law judges (ALJs), ...
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| Date July 18, 2018 |
Report No. IN10931 |
Title
INSIGHTi U.S. Army s Initial Maneuver, Short-Range Air Defense (IM-SHORAD) System (name redacted) Specialist in Military Ground Forces July 18, 2018 The Current State of Army SHORAD The Army defines SHORAD as: Dedicated air defense artillery (ADA) and non-dedicated air defense capabilities that enable movement and maneuver by destroying, neutralizing or deterring low altitude air threats to defend ...
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| Date July 18, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10171 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Military Commission Judges Do Not Have Unilateral Power to Punish for Contempt July 18, 2018 Brigadier General (Gen.) John G. Baker, Chief Defense Counsel of the Military Commission System, prevailed in his habeas case against a military commission judge who sentenced him to 21 days confinement and fined him $1,000 for contempt. The contempt charge stemmed from Gen. Baker s refusal ...
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| Date July 18, 2018 |
Report No. IF10927 |
Title
July 18, 2018 Phase 2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Fuel Efficiency Standards for Medium- and Heavy-Duty Engines and Vehicles On October 25, 2016, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) jointly published the second phase of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and fuel efficiency standards for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles and ...
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| Date July 17, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10170 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Brett M. Kavanaugh: Selected Primary Material July 17, 2018 On July 9, 2018, President Trump announced the nomination of Judge Brett M. Kavanaugh of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit) to fill the impending vacancy on the Supreme Court caused by Justice Kennedy's scheduled retirement on July 31, 2018. This sidebar contains reference ...
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| Date July 17, 2018 |
Report No. IF10867 |
Title
Updated July 17, 2018 Mexico s 2018 Elections: Results and Potential Implications On July 1, 2018, Andr s Manuel L pez Obrador and his leftist MORENA party dominated Mexico s presidential and legislative elections. L pez Obrador won 53.2% of the presidential vote, more than 30 percentage points ahead of his nearest rival, Ricardo Anaya. MORENA s coalition also won majorities in both chambers of ...
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| Date July 17, 2018 |
Report No. IN10930 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Attaching a Price to Greenhouse Gas Emissions with a Carbon Tax or Emissions Fee July 17, 2018 (IN10930) | Related Authors Jonathan L. Ramseur Jane A. Leggett | Jonathan L. Ramseur, Specialist in Environmental Policy (jramseur@crs.loc.gov, 7-7919) Jane A. Leggett, Specialist in Energy and Environmental Policy (jaleggett@crs.loc.gov, 7-9525) Significant debate continues about what, if ...
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| Date July 16, 2018 |
Report No. R45257 |
Title
Improper Payments in High-Priority Programs: In Brief Garrett Hatch Specialist in American National Government July 16, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45257 Improper Payments in High-Priority Programs: In Brief Summary The Improper Payments Information Act (IPIA) of 2002 defines improper payments as payments that should not have been made or that were made in an incorrect ...
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| Date July 16, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10169 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Supreme Court Directs State Court to Decide Whether Indian Tribe Can Invoke Sovereign Immunity in Property Dispute July 16, 2018 Indian tribes possess inherent sovereign authority, which means, among other things, that they cannot be subject to lawsuits unless the tribe waives or Congress expressly abrogates such immunity. Recently, the Supreme Court in Upper Skagit Indian Tribe v. ...
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| Date July 16, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10162 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Media Consolidation: United States v. AT&T and Implications for Future Transactions Updated July 16, 2018 UPDATE: On July 12, 2018, the Department of Justice filed a notice of appeal in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit of the district court s decision denying the injunction which would have prohibited AT&T s acquisition of Time Warner. If the government ...
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| Date July 16, 2018 |
Report No. IN10929 |
Title
Federal corporate tax returns are confidential and protected from public disclosure under section 6103 of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC), as enacted by the Tax Reform Act of 1976 (P.L. 94-455). Before 1976, corporate tax returns where classified as part of the "public record" to varying degrees. Since 1976, there have been occasional calls for the privacy veil to be lifted in response to ...
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| Date July 12, 2018 |
Report No. R43416 |
Title
Energy Provisions in the 2014 Farm Bill (P.L. 113-79): Status and Funding (name redacted) Specialist in Natural Resources and Energy Policy July 12, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43416 Energy Provisions in the 2014 Farm Bill (P.L. 113-79): Status and Funding Summary Title IX, the energy title of the 2014 farm bill (Agricultural Act of 2014; P.L. 113-79), contains ...
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| Date July 12, 2018 |
Report No. IF10817 |
Title
Updated July 12, 2018 Colombia s 2018 Elections Colombians elected a new congress in March 2018 and a new president in June 2018. Because no presidential candidate won more than 50% of the vote on May 27, 2018, as required for a victory in the first round, a second-round runoff was held June 17. That contest resulted in a victory for a popular far-right candidate, Iv n Duque, who will assume ...
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| Date July 12, 2018 |
Report No. IN10928 |
Title
INSIGHTi Senate Judiciary Committee Hearings for a Supreme Court Nominee: Overview -name redactedAnalyst in American National Government July 12, 2018 On July 9, 2018, President Trump announced his selection of Judge Brett Kavanaugh to fill the impending vacancy that will be created on the U.S. Supreme Court by the retirement of Justice Anthony Kennedy on July 31, 2018. Supreme Court nominations ...
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| Date July 12, 2018 |
Report No. IF10347 |
Title
Updated July 12, 2018 Military Transition Assistance Program (TAP): An Overview Background Table 1. Statutory TAP Counseling Requirements The military Transition Assistance Program (TAP) was established by Congress in the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 1991 (P.L. 101510). The original purpose of the program was to help ease the transition to civilian life for military ...
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| Date July 11, 2018 |
Report No. R45256 |
Title
Justice Anthony Kennedy: His Jurisprudence and the Future of the Court -name redactedSection Research Manager -name redactedLegislative Attorney -name redactedLegislative Attorney July 11, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45256 SUMMARY Justice Anthony Kennedy: His Jurisprudence and the Future of the Court On June 27, 2018, Justice Anthony M. Kennedy announced that, effective ...
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| Date July 11, 2018 |
Report No. R44652 |
Title
Federal Government Employment: Veterans Preference in Competitive Examination -name redactedAnalyst in Labor Policy July 11, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44652 Federal Government Employment: Veterans Preference in Competitive Examination Summary Veterans preference is a system that provides special consideration to certain former members of the Armed Forces who pursue ...
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| Date July 11, 2018 |
Report No. IN10927 |
Title
INSIGHTi Tit-for-Tat Tariff Measures and U.S. Trade Policy -name redacted Section Research Manager July 11, 2018 U.S. trade policy under President Trump has involved greater use of trade laws to address imports that threaten to impair U.S. national security (Section 232), and trade practices that may violate trade agreements or are unjustifiable or unreasonable (Section 301). Congress has held ...
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| Date July 11, 2018 |
Report No. IF10709 |
Title
Updated July 11, 2018 National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) The National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) is one of several mission centers operating within the Office of the Director of National Intelligence. NCTC was established in August 2004 as the primary U.S. government organization responsible for analyzing and integrating all intelligence except intelligence solely related to domestic ...
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| Date July 10, 2018 |
Report No. R45254 |
Title
Financial Services and General Government (FSGG) FY2018 Appropriations: Independent Agencies and General Provisions (name redacted), Coordinator Specialist in Financial Economics July 10, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45254 FSGG FY2018 Appropriations: Independent Agencies and General Government Provisions Summary The Financial Services and General Government (FSGG) ...
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| Date July 10, 2018 |
Report No. R45263 |
Title
Puerto Rico Status of Electric Power Recovery (name redacted) Specialist in Energy Policy July 10, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45263 SUMMARY Puerto Rico Status of Electric Power Recovery R45263 July 10, 2018 ame redacted On September 20, 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall in Puerto Rico as a Category 4 storm Specialist in Energy Policy -re-acte--@crs.loc.gov with ...
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| Date July 10, 2018 |
Report No. IN10923 |
Title
INSIGHTi President s Selection of a Nominee for a Supreme Court Vacancy: Overview name redacted Analyst in American National Government July 10, 2018 On June 27, 2018, Justice Anthony Kennedy, after serving on the Supreme Court as an Associate Justice since 1988, announced his intention to retire from the U.S. Supreme Court. Justice Kennedy indicated that his retirement would be effective July 31, ...
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| Date July 10, 2018 |
Report No. R44087 |
Title
Risk and Needs Assessment in the Federal Prison System (name redacted) Analyst in Crime Policy July 10, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44087 Risk and Needs Assessment in the Federal Prison System Summary The number of people incarcerated in federal prisons increased dramatically over the past three decades. While the number of inmates in the federal prison system has ...
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| Date July 10, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10168 |
Title
Legal Sidebari President Trump Nominates Judge Brett Kavanaugh: Initial Observations July 10, 2018 On July 9, 2018, President Trump announced the nomination of Judge Brett M. Kavanaugh of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (D.C. Circuit) to fill the impending vacancy on the Supreme Court caused by Justice Kennedy s scheduled retirement on July 31, 2018. As noted in this ...
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| Date July 10, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10167 |
Title
Legal Sidebari U.S. District Court Holds U.S. Citizen Can Challenge His Inclusion on Kill List July 10, 2018 In a decision by the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, the court held that a U.S. citizen who could allege sufficient facts to credibly demonstrate he is being targeted by the U.S. military in Syria can challenge the alleged governmental decision to place him on the Kill ...
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| Date July 9, 2018 |
Report No. R43115 |
Title
U.S. Global Health Assistance: FY2001-FY2019 Request (name redacted) Specialist in Global Health July 9, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43115 U.S. Global Health Assistance: FY2001-FY2019 Request Summary Congressional interest in and support for global health programs has remained strong for several years. In FY2018, Congress provided $8.7 billion for global health programs ...
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| Date July 9, 2018 |
Report No. RL32725 |
Title
Hemp as an Agricultural Commodity (name redacted) Specialist in Agricultural Policy July 9, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov RL32725 Hemp as an Agricultural Commodity Summary Industrial hemp is an agricultural commodity that is cultivated for use in the production of a wide range of products, including foods and beverages, cosmetics and personal care products, nutritional ...
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| Date July 9, 2018 |
Report No. R45252 |
Title
United States Special Operations Command Acquisition Authorities Moshe Schwartz Specialist in Defense Acquisition Jason A. Purdy U.S. Air Force Fellow July 9, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45252 United States Special Operations Command Acquisition Authorities Summary United States Special Operations Command (SOCOM) is the Unified Combatant Command responsible for training ...
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| Date July 9, 2018 |
Report No. IF10925 |
Title
Updated July 9, 2018 State Election Reform Payments: FY2018 Appropriations Election infrastructure in at least 21 states was targeted by Russian hackers during the 2016 campaign, according to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The omnibus spending bill enacted in March 2018 (P.L. 115141) included $380 million for payments to states, territories, and the District of Columbia (D.C.) to ...
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| Date July 9, 2018 |
Report No. R45253 |
Title
Next Generation 911 Technologies: Select Issues for Congress (name redacted) Analyst in Telecommunications Policy July 9, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45253 Next Generation 911 Technologies: Select Issues for Congress Summary In 2018, Congress and 911 advocates celebrated the 50th anniversary of the first 911 call. Over the past 50 years, states and localities have ...
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| Date July 9, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10166 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Who Interprets Foreign Law in U.S. Federal Courts? Updated July 9, 2018 Federal courts are frequently called upon to evaluate foreign law in a variety of contexts from routine breach of contract and tort claims to complex cases implicating the judicial branch s role in international affairs. In Animal Science Products, Inc. v. Hebei Welcome Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., the Supreme Court ...
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| Date July 9, 2018 |
Report No. IF10923 |
Title
July 9, 2018 Financial Reform: Overview of the Volcker Rule Background Legislators and regulators have long grappled with whether restricting the types of activities banks can engage in, or reforming banks structures, might reduce the risk of large bank failures and the risk of systemic financial instability, such as that seen in the 2008 financial crisis. The Volcker Rule is an example of a means ...
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| Date July 5, 2018 |
Report No. R45250 |
Title
Rural Highways ,name redacted, Specialist in Transportation Policy July 5, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45250 Rural Highways Summary Of the nation s 4.1 million miles of public access roads, 2.9 million, or 71%, are in rural areas. Rural roads account for about 30% of national vehicle miles traveled. However, with many rural areas experiencing population decline, states ...
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| Date July 5, 2018 |
Report No. R45251 |
Title
School Resource Officers: Issues for Congress name redacted Analyst in Crime Policy name redacted Analyst in Education Policy July 5, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45251 School Resource Officers: Issues for Congress Summary The school shootings at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, FL, Great Mills High School in Great Mills, MD, and Santa Fe High School in ...
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| Date July 5, 2018 |
Report No. IN10926 |
Title
INSIGHTi NATO s 2018 Brussels Summit name redacted Analyst in European Affairs July 5, 2018 Leaders from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization s (NATO s) 29 member states are scheduled to hold a summit at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Belgium, on July 11-12, 2018. The summit comes at a time of heightened U.S.-European tensions. Despite stated Trump Administration commitments to NATO and European ...
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