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| Date June 7, 2018 |
Report No. IF10794 |
Title
Updated June 7, 2018 National Park Service: FY2018 Appropriations The National Park Service (NPS) administers the National Park System, which covers 85 million acres and includes 417 units valued for their natural, cultural, and recreational importance. NPS typically receives funding in annual appropriations laws for Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies. deferred maintenance. NPS ...
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| Date June 7, 2018 |
Report No. IF10902 |
Title
June 7, 2018 Trade Actions and U.S. Steel Manufacturing On March 8, 2018, President Trump signed a proclamation imposing a duty of 25% on foreign-made steel beginning on March 23. The President acted under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act (19 U.S.C. 1862, as amended), a decades-old law that allows restrictions, such as tariffs or quotas, on imports that have been found to harm the national ...
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| Date June 7, 2018 |
Report No. IF10904 |
Title
June 7, 2018 Potential Hydrofluorocarbon Phase Down: Issues for Congress Potential Issues for Congress Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), a potent set of greenhouse gases (GHGs), are used in air conditioning, refrigeration, foam blowing agents, insulation, and other applications. While many nations are poised to phase down HFCs, U.S. policies appear paused: Next steps in the executive branch are unclear. ...
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| Date June 7, 2018 |
Report No. IF10903 |
Title
June 7, 2018 Endangered Species Considerations in Pesticide Use Restrictions: Background and Legislation The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA; 7 U.S.C. 136 et seq.) requires that pesticides, before being approved for distribution or sale, must be registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Registration approval depends on a finding that the pesticide ...
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| Date June 7, 2018 |
Report No. IN10905 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Iraq's 2018 Elections June 7, 2018 (IN10905) | Related Author Christopher M. Blanchard | Christopher M. Blanchard, Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs (cblanchard@crs.loc.gov, 7-0428) Iraqis are voting in national, regional, and provincial elections in 2018 as they seek to consolidate the country's military victory over the Islamic State, rebuild shattered communities, and improve ...
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| Date June 6, 2018 |
Report No. R45073 |
Title
Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (P.L. 115-174) and Selected Policy Issues David W. Perkins, Coordinator Analyst in Macroeconomic Policy Darryl E. Getter Specialist in Financial Economics Marc Labonte Specialist in Macroeconomic Policy Gary Shorter Specialist in Financial Economics Eva Su Analyst in Financial Economics N. Eric Weiss Specialist in Financial Economics ...
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| Date June 6, 2018 |
Report No. R45217 |
Title
FY2018 Military Construction Authorizations and Appropriations Christopher T. Mann Analyst in Defense Policy and Trade June 6, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45217 FY2018 Military Construction Authorizations and Appropriations Summary On May 23, 2017, the Trump Administration delivered its first full budget proposal to the 115th Congress, a request that included $10.4 ...
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| Date June 6, 2018 |
Report No. R40446 |
Title
Electronic Employment Eligibility Verification name redacted Specialist in Immigration Policy June 6, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R40446 Electronic Employment Eligibility Verification Summary Unauthorized immigration and unauthorized employment continue to be key issues in the ongoing debate over immigration policy. Today s discussions about these issues build on the ...
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| Date June 6, 2018 |
Report No. R45216 |
Title
Background Information on Health Coverage Options Addressed in Executive Order 13813 Bernadette Fernandez, Coordinator Specialist in Health Care Financing Vanessa C. Forsberg Analyst in Health Care Financing Annie L. Mach Specialist in Health Care Financing June 6, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45216 Background Information on Health Coverage Options Addressed in E.O. ...
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| Date June 6, 2018 |
Report No. IN10914 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Increase in Illicit Fentanyl Overdose Deaths June 6, 2018 (IN10914) | Related Authors Johnathan H. Duff Lisa N. Sacco | Johnathan H. Duff, Analyst in Health Policy (jduff@crs.loc.gov, 7-0970) Lisa N. Sacco, Analyst in Illicit Drugs and Crime Policy (lsacco@crs.loc.gov, 7-7359) Fentanyl, heroin, and some prescription painkillers (such as morphine and oxycodone) belong to the class of ...
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| Date June 6, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10147 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The Rise and Decline of the Alien Tort Statute June 6, 2018 A narrowly divided Supreme Court held in Jesner v. Arab Bank, PLC that foreign corporations may not be defendants in suits brought under the Alien Tort Statute (ATS). In its current form, the ATS provides that The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of any civil action by an alien for a tort only, committed in ...
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| Date June 5, 2018 |
Report No. IN10913 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Tax Expenditures: Before and After the 2017 Tax Revision (P.L. 115-97) June 5, 2018 (IN10913) | Related Author Molly F. Sherlock | Molly F. Sherlock, Specialist in Public Finance (msherlock@crs.loc.gov, 7-7797) Tax reform debates, including the debate surrounding the 2017 tax revision (P.L. 115-97), often consider the option of broadening the tax base in exchange for a reduction in ...
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| Date June 5, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10071 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Victim Restitution: Attorneys Fees for Internal Investigations? Updated June 5, 2018 UPDATE, 6/5/2018: On May 29, 2018, the Supreme Court unanimously held that the Mandatory Victims Restitution Act does not authorize restitution to cover the costs of a victim s private investigation conducted before the government s investigation and prosecution of the defendant. The original post ...
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| Date June 5, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10146 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Masterpiece Cakeshop: Proving Government Hostility to Religion June 5, 2018 On June 4, 2018, the Supreme Court released its much-anticipated decision in Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission. The case presented a dispute between the State of Colorado and a baker who refused to make a wedding cake for a same-sex wedding. The state argued that this refusal violated ...
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| Date June 4, 2018 |
Report No. R45013 |
Title
FY2018 National Defense Authorization Act Pat Towell, Coordinator Specialist in U.S. Defense Policy and Budget June 4, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45013 FY2018 National Defense Authorization Act Summary The Trump Administration s initial FY2018 budget request, released on May 23, 2017, included a total of $677.1 billion for the national defense budget function (Budget ...
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| Date June 4, 2018 |
Report No. R42561 |
Title
The American Opportunity Tax Credit: Overview, Analysis, and Policy Options Margot L. Crandall-Hollick Specialist in Public Finance June 4, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42561 The American Opportunity Tax Credit: Overview, Analysis, and Policy Options Summary The American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC) originally enacted on a temporary basis by the American Recovery and ...
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| Date June 4, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10143 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Criminal Defendant s Sixth Amendment Right to Autonomy in Maintaining Innocence June 4, 2018 Is the Sixth Amendment violated when defense counsel concedes his competent client s guilt despite the client s expressed objection? In a 6-3 decision, the U.S. Supreme Court answered yes. In McCoy v. Louisiana, the Court held that the Sixth Amendment guarantees the right to a personal ...
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| Date June 4, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10113 |
Title
Legal Sidebari What Happens When Five Supreme Court Justices Can t Agree? Updated June 4, 2018 UPDATE, 6/4/2018: On June 4, 2018, the Supreme Court issued its decision in Hughes. The Court ultimately deemed it unnecessary to decide which opinion governs when no single opinion enjoys a majority and instead decided the case on alternative grounds. Thus, the underlying circuit split concerning the ...
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| Date June 1, 2018 |
Report No. R45211 |
Title
Prioritizing Waterway Lock Projects: Barge Traffic Changes Updated June 1, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45211 Prioritizing Waterway Lock Projects: Barge Traffic Changes Summary Congress faces decisions about prioritizing new lock construction projects on the inland waterway system. As both houses debate differing versions of water resources and development ...
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| Date June 1, 2018 |
Report No. IN10912 |
Title
INSIGHTi The Role of the Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) June 1, 2018 ONDCP Mission and Responsibilities The Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) is responsible for creating, implementing, and evaluating U.S. drug control policies to reduce the use, manufacturing, and trafficking of illicit drugs as well as drug-related health consequences, crime, and violence. ONDCP is ...
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| Date May 31, 2018 |
Report No. R45209 |
Title
The House Journal: Origin, Purpose, and Approval Updated May 31, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45209 The House Journal: Origin, Purpose, and Approval Summary The Journal of the House of Representatives is the official record of the chamber s legislative actions. The Journal s contents include the titles of introduced legislation, the results of votes, ...
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| Date May 31, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10145 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Following the Money: Should Federal Law Require Litigants to Disclose Litigation Funding Agreements? May 31, 2018 On May 10, 2018, several Members of the 115th Congress introduced the Litigation Funding Transparency Act of 2018 (S. 2815) (the Act), which would require litigants in certain types of cases to disclose whether any commercial enterprise has a contingent right to receive ...
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| Date May 31, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10142 |
Title
Legal Sidebari An Epic Decision from the Supreme Court: The Supreme Court Rules Employee Class Action Waivers Are Enforceable May 31, 2018 Can agreements between employers and employees to arbitrate their disputes in lieu of class action lawsuits and other collective actions be enforced in court? In Epic Systems Corp. v. Lewis, decided on May 21, 2018, the Supreme Court answered in the affirmative ...
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| Date May 31, 2018 |
Report No. IF10898 |
Title
May 31, 2018 Forest Service: FY2018 Appropriations and FY2019 Request The Forest Service (FS) is responsible for managing 193 million acres of land in the National Forest System (NFS); conducting forestry research; and providing assistance to state, local, private, and international forest owners. FS is an agency within the Department of Agriculture, yet it generally receives discretionary ...
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| Date May 30, 2018 |
Report No. IF10897 |
Title
May 30, 2018 Global Oil Markets and U.S. Gasoline Prices 2018 As the 2018 U.S. summer driving season begins, crude oil and gasoline prices have reached their highest levels since 2014. The international crude oil price benchmark (Brent) has increased by approximately 20% since the start of the year, with spot prices reaching just over $80 per barrel in mid-May. As a result, average U.S. retail ...
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| Date May 29, 2018 |
Report No. R45207 |
Title
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Reauthorization Issues and Debate in the 115th Congress (name redacted) Specialist in Aviation Policy (name redacted) Analyst in Transportation and Industry May 29, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R45207 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Reauthorization Summary On April 27, 2018, the House of Representatives passed the FAA ...
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| Date May 29, 2018 |
Report No. R44842 |
Title
FBI Director Nominations, 1973-2017 ,name redacted, Specialist in American National Government May 29, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44842 FBI Director Nominations, 1973-2017 Summary The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. The statutory basis for the present nomination and ...
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| Date May 29, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10139 |
Title
Legal Sidebari (Robo)Call Me Maybe: Robocalls to Wireless Phones Under the Telephone Consumer Protection Act May 29, 2018 Robocalls calls placed using an automated dialing system or artificial or prerecorded voice are on the rise. Advances in technology have made it cheaper and easier than ever to dial millions of consumers numbers in infinitesimal periods of time. Furthermore, with more consumers ...
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| Date May 24, 2018 |
Report No. R42019 |
Title
The International Monetary Fund Updated May 24, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42019 The International Monetary Fund Summary The International Monetary Fund (IMF), conceived at the Bretton Woods conference in July 1944, is the multilateral organization focused on the international monetary system. Created in 1946 with 46 members, it has grown to include 189 ...
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| Date May 24, 2018 |
Report No. R42593 |
Title
Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs Updated May 24, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42593 Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs Summary In the midst of national concern over the opioid epidemic, federal and state officials are paying greater attention to the manner in which opioids are prescribed. Nearly all prescription drugs involved in overdoses are ...
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| Date May 24, 2018 |
Report No. IN10902 |
Title
INSIGHTi Venezuela s 2018 Presidential Elections Updated May 24, 2018 On May 20, 2018, Venezuela held presidential elections that were boycotted by the Democratic Unity Roundtable (MUD) coalition of opposition parties and dismissed as illegitimate by the United States, the European Union (EU), and 14 Western Hemisphere nations (the Lima Group). According to the official results, President Nicol s ...
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| Date May 24, 2018 |
Report No. IN10910 |
Title
INSIGHTi Discharge Petitions and the House Discharge Rule May 24, 2018 Recent media reports have discussed an effort by some Representatives to use a discharge petition to schedule a floor vote on a resolution (a special rule ) providing for House consideration of immigration legislation under a "Queen-of-the-Hill" amendment structure. This Insight discusses the principal features of the House ...
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| Date May 23, 2018 |
Report No. R43949 |
Title
Federal Financing for the State Children s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) Updated May 23, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R43949 Federal Financing for the State Children s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) Summary The State Children s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) is a means-tested program that provides health coverage to targeted low-income children and ...
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| Date May 23, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10137 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Supreme Court Strikes Down Partial Administrative Reviews of Patent Claims May 23, 2018 In SAS Institute, Inc. v. Iancu, the U.S. Supreme Court concluded that the Director of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has no authority to limit administrative review of previously issued patent claims to only some of the claims challenged by a private party. The Court held that once ...
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| Date May 23, 2018 |
Report No. LSB10136 |
Title
Legal Sidebari DACA Rescission: Legal Issues and Litigation Status May 23, 2018 On September 5, 2017, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) issued a memorandum announcing its decision to rescind the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals initiative (DACA), which the Obama Administration implemented in 2012 to provide temporary relief from removal and work authorization, among other benefits, ...
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| Date May 22, 2018 |
Report No. R44786 |
Title
Science and Technology Issues in the 115th Congress (name redacted), Coordinator Specialist in Science and Technology Policy May 22, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44786 Science and Technology Issues in the 115th Congress Summary Science and technology (S&T) have a pervasive influence over a wide range of issues confronting the nation. Public and private research and ...
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| Date May 22, 2018 |
Report No. R44927 |
Title
Department of Homeland Security Appropriations: FY2018 Updated May 22, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44927 Department of Homeland Security Appropriations: FY2018 Summary This report provides an overview and analysis of FY2018 appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). The primary focus of this report is on congressional direction and ...
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| Date May 22, 2018 |
Report No. R45202 |
Title
The Federal Budget: Overview and Issues for FY2019 and Beyond Grant A. Driessen Analyst in Public Finance May 21, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45202 The Federal Budget: Overview and Issues for FY2019 and Beyond Summary The federal budget is a central component of the congressional power of the purse. Each fiscal year, Congress and the President engage in a number of ...
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| Date May 22, 2018 |
Report No. R44963 |
Title
Wastewater Infrastructure: Overview, Funding, and Legislative Developments Updated May 22, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44963 Wastewater Infrastructure: Overview, Funding, and Legislative Developments Summary The collection and treatment of wastewater remains among the most important public health interventions in human history and has contributed to a ...
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| Date May 22, 2018 |
Report No. IF10891 |
Title
May 22, 2018 FY2019 National Defense Authorization Act: An Overview of H.R. 5515, as Reported The FY2019 National Defense Authorization Act approved by the House Armed Services Committee in the early hours of May 10, 2018, is closely aligned to President Trump s FY2019 DOD budget request. The bill (H.R. 5515) would authorize discretionary appropriations totaling $708.1 billion for national defense ...
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| Date May 22, 2018 |
Report No. IF10893 |
Title
May 22, 2018 Merger and Acquisition Brokers: Overview and Proposals for Relief Introduction Merger and acquisitions (M&A) brokers are also known as Main Street brokers. In general terms, they are intermediaries who conduct privately negotiated sales of privately held small- and mid-sized companies by facilitating securities transactions that transfer ownership and control of such firms to a buyer ...
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| Date May 21, 2018 |
Report No. IN10908 |
Title
INSIGHTi Credit Growth in the Current Expansion May 21, 2018 Credit (debt) plays a crucial role in economic performance by funneling the funds of savers to borrowers. Up to a point, credit growth is necessary for healthy economic growth. But if credit grows too quickly, it can exacerbate economic instability by amplifying a financial boom and bust cycle. For example, the credit boom associated ...
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| Date May 21, 2018 |
Report No. IN10911 |
Title
INSIGHTi Malaysia s First Democratic Change of Government May 21, 2018 In a nationwide parliamentary election on May 9, Malaysia underwent its first democratic change of government since it gained independence in 1959. Voters elected a coalition, Pakatan Harapan (PH), led by former Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad. The coalition defeated the ruling Barisan Nasional coalition led by the United ...
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| Date May 18, 2018 |
Report No. IN10907 |
Title
INSIGHTi Regulating School Bus Safety Updated May 18, 2018 An estimated 25% of students ride school buses to school and school-related events annually. Nationwide, an average of six school bus passengers die each year in traffic crashes. School buses have the lowest death rate of any mode of transporting children to school in the United States. Yet incidents such as the fatal May 17 crash of a ...
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| Date May 18, 2018 |
Report No. R45201 |
Title
Indian Health Service (IHS) FY2019 Budget Request and Funding History: A Fact Sheet Elayne J. Heisler Specialist in Health Services May 18, 2018 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45201 Indian Health Service (IHS) FY2019 Budget Request and Funding History: A Fact Sheet Summary The Indian Health Service (IHS) within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is the lead ...
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| Date May 18, 2018 |
Report No. R45200 |
Title
Internet Freedom in China: U.S. Government Activity, Private Sector Initiatives, and Issues of Congressional Interest Updated May 18, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45200 Internet Freedom in China: U.S. Government and Private Sector Activity Summary By the end of 2017, the People s Republic of China (PRC) had the world s largest number of internet users, ...
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| Date May 17, 2018 |
Report No. R45198 |
Title
Bilateral and Regional Trade Agreements: Issues for Congress Updated May 17, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45198 Bilateral and Regional Trade Agreements: Issues for Congress Summary Congress plays a prominent role in shaping, debating, and approving legislation to implement trade agreements, and over the past three decades, bilateral and regional trade ...
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| Date May 17, 2018 |
Report No. R44940 |
Title
Issues in Autonomous Vehicle Deployment Updated May 17, 2018 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44940 Issues in Autonomous Vehicle Deployment Summary Legislation recently passed by the House of Representatives H.R. 3388 and pending in the Senate S. 1885 would provide new regulatory tools to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to oversee ...
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| Date May 17, 2018 |
Report No. IN10876 |
Title
INSIGHTi Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (S. 2155) and House Legislation: Common Issue Areas Updated May 17, 2018 The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (S. 2155) passed the Senate on March 14, 2018. The bill generally aims to provide regulatory relief to banks, relax mortgage lending and capital formation rules, and provide additional ...
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| Date May 17, 2018 |
Report No. IF10889 |
Title
May 17, 2018 Temporary Assistance for Needy Families: The Decline in the Cash Assistance Caseload Introduction The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant helps fund public assistance programs for needy families with children, families often headed by a single mother. It was created in the 1996 welfare reform law, P.L. 104-193, which ended the prior federal grant to states for ...
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