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| Date Oct. 28, 2020 |
Report No. R46584 |
Title
Immigration Relief for Victims of Trafficking October 28, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46584 SUMMARY Immigration Relief for Victims of Trafficking Human trafficking occurs throughout the United States, and traffickers exploit vulnerable individuals for commercial sex and forced labor in a variety of legal and illegal industries. Trafficking victims include ...
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| Date Oct. 27, 2020 |
Report No. R46582 |
Title
Overview of Continuing Appropriations for FY2021 (P.L. 116-159) October 27, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46582 SUMMARY Overview of Continuing Appropriations for FY2021 (P.L. 116-159) This report provides an analysis of the continuing appropriations provisions included in Division A (Continuing Appropriations Act, 2021, and Other Extensions Act) of P.L. 116- ...
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| Date Oct. 27, 2020 |
Report No. R46586 |
Title
Federal Law Enforcement Use of Facial Recognition Technology October 27, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46586 SUMMARY Federal Law Enforcement Use of Facial Recognition Technology Law enforcement agencies use of facial recognition technology (FRT), while not a new practice, has received increased attention from policymakers and the public. Some of the concerns ...
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| Date Oct. 27, 2020 |
Report No. IN11525 |
Title
INSIGHTi Nigeria: #EndSARS Protests Against Police Brutality October 27, 2020 Since early October, large youth-led protests against police abuses have shaken cities across Nigeria, Africa's most populous country. The demonstrations emerged after video circulated on social media purporting to show an extrajudicial killing by members of the Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS), a unit of the national ...
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| Date Oct. 27, 2020 |
Report No. LSB10547 |
Title
Legal Sidebari California v. Texas: The Fate of the Affordable Care Act October 27, 2020 On November 10, 2020, the Supreme Court is scheduled to hear oral argument in California v. Texas (consolidated with the related case Texas v. California), a constitutional challenge to the Affordable Care Act s (ACA s) individual mandate. The suit also seeks to invalidate the ACA s many other provisions, ...
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| Date Oct. 26, 2020 |
Report No. R46358 |
Title
Heroes Act: Revenue Provisions Updated October 26, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46358 Heroes Act: Revenue Provisions ongress continues to consider proposals intended to alleviate the economic effects associated with the Coronavirus Disease 2019, or COVID-19, pandemic. One such proposal, the Health and Economic Recovery Omnibus Emergency Solutions (HEROES) ...
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| Date Oct. 26, 2020 |
Report No. R46581 |
Title
Semiconductors: U.S. Industry, Global Competition, and Federal Policy October 26, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46581 SUMMARY Semiconductors: U.S. Industry, Global Competition, and Federal Policy Semiconductors, tiny electronic devices based primarily on silicon or germanium, enable nearly all industrial activities, including systems that undergird U.S. ...
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| Date Oct. 26, 2020 |
Report No. R46580 |
Title
Israel s Qualitative Military Edge and Possible U.S. Arms Sales to the United Arab Emirates October 26, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46580 SUMMARY Israel s Qualitative Military Edge and Possible U.S. Arms Sales to the United Arab Emirates This report provides background and analysis on a possible U.S. sale of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter and other advanced ...
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| Date Oct. 26, 2020 |
Report No. IN11524 |
Title
INSIGHTi China Issues New Export Control Law and Related Policies October 26, 2020 On October 17, 2020, the Standing Committee of China s legislature, the National People s Congress (NPC), passed the Export Control Law of the People s Republic of China, which goes into effect on December 1, 2020 (Chinese text and unofficial English translation).The passage follows three rounds of legislative ...
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| Date Oct. 26, 2020 |
Report No. R46579 |
Title
Tanzania: Recent Governance Trends and 2020 Elections In Brief Updated October 26, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46579 Tanzania: Recent Governance Trends and 2020 Elections In Brief Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 President Magufuli ...
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| Date Oct. 23, 2020 |
Report No. R46356 |
Title
COVID-19: Consumer Loan Forbearance and Other Relief Options Updated October 23, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46356 SUMMARY COVID-19: Consumer Loan Forbearance and Other Relief Options A growing number of reported Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases have been identified in the United States, significantly impacting many communities. The economic impact ...
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| Date Oct. 23, 2020 |
Report No. IF10447 |
Title
Updated October 23, 2020 U.S.-Brazil Trade Relations Overview The United States and Brazil have enjoyed a strong economic relationship for many years. In 2019, Brazil ranked second among the United States Latin American trading partners in goods and 19th among all U.S. trading partners. In March 2020, President Donald Trump and President Jair Bolsonaro announced plans to deepen the bilateral trade ...
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| Date Oct. 23, 2020 |
Report No. IN11522 |
Title
INSIGHTi Tax Policy on the Horizon: Potential Tax Policy Issues in the 117th Congress October 23, 2020 What tax policy issues will be at the forefront early in the 117th Congress depends, in part, on what actions are or are not taken late in the 116th Congress. Policy issues being discussed towards the end of 2020 that could carry forward into 2021 include additional tax policy measures addressing ...
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| Date Oct. 23, 2020 |
Report No. LSB10544 |
Title
Legal Sidebar The Google Antitrust Lawsuit: Initial Observations October 23, 2020 On October 20, 2020, the Department of Justice and eleven Republican state attorneys general (hereinafter DOJ ) filed a long-anticipated antitrust lawsuit against Google, alleging that the tech giant has unlawfully monopolized the markets for general internet search services and search advertising. The complaint ...
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| Date Oct. 22, 2020 |
Report No. IN11198 |
Title
INSIGHTi Bolivia s October 2020 General Elections Updated October 22, 2020 On October 18, 2020, Luis Arce and the leftist Movement Toward Socialism (MAS) party won Bolivia s presidential and legislative elections in a landslide. Arce, former finance minister in the government of President Evo Morales (2005-2019), secured a first-round victory with 54% of the vote. Held nearly one year after ...
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| Date Oct. 22, 2020 |
Report No. IN11482 |
Title
INSIGHTi CARES Act Payroll Support to Air Carriers and Contractors Updated October 22, 2020 The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act; P.L. 116-136), signed into law on March 27, 2020, provided assistance to consumers and businesses, including aid to air carriers and eligible contractors. Emergency funds also were provided to eligible airports. Assistance to air carriers in ...
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| Date Oct. 22, 2020 |
Report No. LSB10426 |
Title
Legal Sidebari UPDATE: Grand Jury Secrecy and Impeachment: Implications of D.C. Circuit Ruling on the Special Counsel s Report Updated October 22, 2020 Update: After this Sidebar was originally published in March 2020, the Supreme Court agreed to review the D.C. Circuit s decision, granting certiorari on the question of whether a Senate impeachment trial is a judicial proceeding under the relevant ...
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| Date Oct. 22, 2020 |
Report No. IF11641 |
Title
Updated October 22, 2020 The Electoral College: A 2020 Presidential Election Timeline Every four years, the election process for President and Vice President follows a familiar timeline of events. At the same time, a related series of procedures governing electoral college actions proceeds on a parallel track. This report focuses on the electoral college timeline for the 2020 presidential ...
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| Date Oct. 21, 2020 |
Report No. R46577 |
Title
U.S. Farm Support: Outlook for Compliance with WTO Commitments, 2018 to 2020 October 21, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46577 SUMMARY U.S. Farm Support: Outlook for Compliance with WTO Commitments, 2018 to 2020 R46577 October 21, 2020 Randy Schnepf U.S. outlays for market-distorting domestic farm support could exceed the annual U.S. spending Specialist in ...
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| Date Oct. 21, 2020 |
Report No. R45913 |
Title
Electricity Portfolio Standards: Background, Design Elements, and Policy Considerations Updated October 21, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45913 SUMMARY Electricity Portfolio Standards: Background, Design Elements, and Policy Considerations R45913 October 21, 2020 Ashley J. Lawson Electricity portfolio standards, such as renewable portfolio standards and clean ...
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| Date Oct. 21, 2020 |
Report No. R46575 |
Title
U.S. Withdrawal from the World Health Organization: Process and Implications October 21, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46575 SUMMARY U.S. Withdrawal from the World Health Organization: Process and Implications The World Health Organization (WHO) is a U.N.-specialized agency that directs and coordinates health efforts within the United Nations (U.N.) system. ...
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| Date Oct. 21, 2020 |
Report No. R42724 |
Title
The TRIO Programs: A Primer Updated October 21, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42724 The TRIO Programs: A Primer Summary The TRIO programs are the primary federal programs providing support services to disadvantaged students to promote achievement in postsecondary education. The Higher Education Amendments of 1968 (P.L. 90-575) consolidated a trio of programs ...
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| Date Oct. 21, 2020 |
Report No. R46576 |
Title
Stage One U.S.-Japan Agreement: Agriculture October 21, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46576 SUMMARY Stage One U.S.-Japan Agreement: Agriculture R46576 October 21, 2020 Anita Regmi On October 7, 2019, the United States and Japan signed the U.S.-Japan Trade Agreement Specialist in Agricultural (USJTA), which provides for limited tariff reductions and quota ...
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| Date Oct. 21, 2020 |
Report No. LSB10543 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Copyright in Code: Supreme Court Hears Landmark Software Case in Google v. Oracle October 21, 2020 In what observers have hailed as the copyright case of the century, an eight-member Supreme Court heard arguments on October 7, 2020, in Google LLC v. Oracle America Inc., a long-running intellectualproperty dispute between the two tech giants. Along with the billions of dollars at ...
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| Date Oct. 20, 2020 |
Report No. IN11519 |
Title
INSIGHTi Final Action by the Senate on Supreme Court Nominations During Presidential Election Years (1789-2020) October 20, 2020 On September 29, 2020, President Trump nominated Judge Amy Coney Barrett of Indiana to fill the vacancy created by the death of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. It has been reported that final action by the Senate on the nomination will occur prior to the presidential ...
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| Date Oct. 20, 2020 |
Report No. IN11513 |
Title
INSIGHTi COVID-19 and Direct Payments to Individuals: Comparison of Recent Proposals for a Second Round of Payments Updated October 20, 2020 The CARES Act (P.L. 116-136), signed into law on March 27, 2020, included direct payments to individuals. These payments, most of which have already been issued, were equal to $1,200 per eligible individual ($2,400 for most married couples), with an ...
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| Date Oct. 19, 2020 |
Report No. R45971 |
Title
The Impact of the Federal Income Tax Code on Poverty Updated October 19, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45971 SUMMARY The Impact of the Federal Income Tax Code on Poverty The federal individual income tax is structured so that the poor owe little or no income tax. In addition, the federal individual income tax (hereinafter referred to simply as the income tax ...
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| Date Oct. 19, 2020 |
Report No. R46572 |
Title
COVID-19 and the Future of Commercial Real Estate Finance October 19, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46572 SUMMARY COVID-19 and the Future of Commercial Real Estate Finance R46572 October 19, 2020 Andrew P. Scott Commercial real estate (CRE) refers to a broad range of properties, including office buildings, Analyst in Financial Economics hotels, retail ...
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| Date Oct. 19, 2020 |
Report No. R46377 |
Title
The Tax Treatment and Economics of Net Operating Losses Updated October 19, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46377 SUMMARY The Tax Treatment and Economics of Net Operating Losses R46377 October 19, 2020 Mark P. Keightley This report provides an overview of the tax treatment and economics of net operating losses Specialist in Economics (NOLs). How losses are ...
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| Date Oct. 19, 2020 |
Report No. R44745 |
Title
Adoption Tax Benefits: An Overview Updated October 19, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44745 SUMMARY Adoption Tax Benefits: An Overview The federal government supports adoption in two primary ways: federal grants to state governments and tax benefits for individual taxpayers that help offset the costs of adopting a child. This report focuses on federal adoption ...
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| Date Oct. 19, 2020 |
Report No. IF11668 |
Title
October 19, 2020 Federal Telecommunications Modernization: Transitioning from Networx to Enterprise Infrastructure Solutions Background GSA is providing assistance through Periodically, the General Services Administration (GSA) negotiates new contracts through which federal agencies can acquire their telecommunications services. Current contracts known as Networx, Washington Interagency ...
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| Date Oct. 16, 2020 |
Report No. IF11429 |
Title
Updated October 16, 2020 U.N. Ban on Iran Arms Transfers and Sanctions Snapback Overview Effects of the Ban A 2015 multilateral Iran nuclear agreement (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, JCPOA), provides for limits on Iran s nuclear program in exchange for sanctions relief. Annex B of U.N. Security Council Resolution 2231 (July 17, 2015), which endorsed the JCPOA, provided for a ban on the ...
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| Date Oct. 16, 2020 |
Report No. LSB10484 |
Title
Legal Sidebari UPDATE: Section 230 and the Executive Order on Preventing Online Censorship Updated October 16, 2020 Update: On October 15, 2020, Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Chairman Ajit Pai announced that the FCC will adopt rules interpreting Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act. FCC General Counsel Tom Johnson confirmed that his office has advised Chairman Pai that the FCC ...
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| Date Oct. 16, 2020 |
Report No. LSB10542 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Fetal Viability and Judge Amy Coney Barrett October 16, 2020 The Supreme Court nomination of Judge Amy Coney Barrett has prompted greater scrutiny of her judicial opinions, academic writing, and statements to discern how she might decide future cases if she were confirmed to the High Court. With cases involving the Affordable Care Act, the First Amendment, and civil rights on the ...
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| Date Oct. 16, 2020 |
Report No. IN11523 |
Title
INSIGHTi CDBG-CV Formula Allocation Methods October 16, 2020 The Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program is a primary source of flexible federal funding for state and local governments to use for economic and community development. It has also become a primary tool for the federal government to direct long-term recovery funding to states and localities in response to disasters and ...
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| Date Oct. 15, 2020 |
Report No. R46568 |
Title
EPA s Affordable Clean Energy Rule: In Brief October 15, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46568 SUMMARY EPA s Affordable Clean Energy Rule: In Brief R46568 October 15, 2020 In 2019, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) completed its reconsideration of a Clean Air Act (CAA) rulemaking for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from existing fossil-fuelfired ...
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| Date Oct. 15, 2020 |
Report No. R46570 |
Title
Immigration Parole October 15, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46570 Immigration Parole Summary The parole provision in the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) gives the Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) discretionary authority to parole into the United States temporarily under such conditions as he may prescribe only on a case-by-case ...
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| Date Oct. 15, 2020 |
Report No. IF11178 |
Title
Updated October 15, 2020 National Park Service: FY2020 Appropriations The National Park Service (NPS) administers the National Park System, which includes 421 units valued for their natural, cultural, and recreational importance and covers 85 million acres (81 million acres of federal land and 4 million nonfederal). As an agency in the Department of the Interior, NPS receives funding in annual ...
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| Date Oct. 15, 2020 |
Report No. IN11405 |
Title
INSIGHTi Heroes Act (H.R. 6800/H.R. 925): Selected Consumer Loan Provisions Updated October 15, 2020 The economic impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been largely due to illnesses, quarantines, social distancing, local stay-at-home orders, and other business disruptions. Consequently, many Americans have lost income and face financial hardship. On May 15, 2020, the House ...
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| Date Oct. 14, 2020 |
Report No. R45311 |
Title
Policy Options for Multiemployer Defined Benefit Pension Plans Updated October 14, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45311 SUMMARY Policy Options for Multiemployer Defined Benefit Pension Plans Multiemployer defined benefit (DB) pension plans are pensions sponsored by more than one employer and maintained as part of a collective bargaining agreement. In DB ...
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| Date Oct. 14, 2020 |
Report No. R40977 |
Title
International Economic Policy Coordination at the G-7 and the G-20 Updated October 14, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R40977 The G-20 and International Economic Cooperation Summary The Group of Seven (G-7) and the Group of Twenty (G-20) are informal forums for advancing international economic cooperation and coordination among countries. The G-7 dates back to ...
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| Date Oct. 14, 2020 |
Report No. IN11518 |
Title
INSIGHTi The 2020 Elections: Selected Resources for Members and Constituents October 14, 2020 The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and reports of potential election interference might raise questions for Members and constituents about the 2020 elections. Potential disinformation campaigns and changes to election procedures in response to COVID-19 might make it more difficult for voters to determine ...
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| Date Oct. 14, 2020 |
Report No. IG10020 |
Title
The U.S. Individual Income Tax System, 2020 October 14, 2020 Author Information Molly F. Sherlock Specialist in Public Finance Disclaimer This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS ...
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| Date Oct. 13, 2020 |
Report No. RS20210 |
Title
Trade Adjustment Assistance for Firms Updated October 13, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS20210 Trade Adjustment Assistance for Firms Summary As Congress considers potential legislation related to trade agreements or authorities, the potential impact on U.S. workers and firms is part of the debate. The Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) programs were first ...
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| Date Oct. 12, 2020 |
Report No. R46566 |
Title
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: A Comparison of State Eligibility Criteria October 12, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46566 SUMMARY The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act: A Comparison of State Eligibility Criteria R46566 October 12, 2020 Kyrie E. Dragoo Analyst in Education Policy The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2020 |
Report No. R45298 |
Title
Emergency Relief for Disaster-Damaged Roads and Public Transportation Systems Updated October 9, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45298 SUMMARY Emergency Relief for Disaster-Damaged Roads and Public Transportation Systems The U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) provides federal assistance for disaster-damaged roads and public transportation systems through ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2020 |
Report No. IF11664 |
Title
October 9, 2020 Medicaid Telehealth Policies in Response to COVID-19 Medicaid, authorized in Title XIX of the Social Security Act (SSA), is a federal-state program that jointly finances primary and acute medical services, as well as long-term services and supports (LTSS), to a diverse low-income population. The 50 states, the District of Columbia (DC), and the five U.S. territories (American Samoa ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2020 |
Report No. LSB10375 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Immigration Detainers: Background and Recent Legal Developments Updated October 9, 2020 The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has authority to detain non-U.S. nationals (aliens) who are subject to removal. Within DHS, Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is mainly responsible for the arrest, detention, and removal of aliens found in the interior of the United States. If an ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2020 |
Report No. R46571 |
Title
Australia s Strategic Posture: Issues for Congress Updated October 9, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46571 SUMMARY Australia s Strategic Posture: Issues for Congress R46571 October 9, 2020 Bruce Vaughn Australia is responding to increased uncertainty in its strategic environment by developing a new Specialist in Asian Affairs strategic posture that will likely ...
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| Date Oct. 9, 2020 |
Report No. R44648 |
Title
Presidential Elections: Vacancies in MajorParty Candidacies and the Position of President-Elect Updated October 9, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44648 Presidential Elections: Vacancies in Major-Party Candidacies and the Position of President Summary What would happen in 2020 if a candidate for President or Vice President were to die or leave the ticket any ...
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