|
Date ↓
|
Report No.
|
Title |
| Date Dec. 9, 2020 |
Report No. IF11430 |
Title
Updated December 9, 2020 The Dollar and the U.S. Trade Deficit Overview Since taking office, the Trump Administration has used the overall and bilateral U.S. trade deficits as one of its barometers for evaluating the success or failure of the global trading system, U.S. trade policy, and trade agreements. In an effort to reduce the trade deficit and for other policy objectives, the Administration ...
|
| Date Dec. 8, 2020 |
Report No. R46632 |
Title
The COVID-19 Pandemic: Labor Market Implications for Women December 8, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46632 SUMMARY The COVID-19 Pandemic: Labor Market Implications for Women The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic dramatically disrupted the labor force in early 2020 as businesses closed or reduced operations and consumer demand shifted away from in- ...
|
| Date Dec. 8, 2020 |
Report No. R46633 |
Title
COVID-19 Vaccines: Global Health Issues December 8, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46633 SUMMARY COVID-19 Vaccines: Global Health Issues R46633 December 8, 2020 The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to severe health and economic consequences across the globe, with country governments struggling to contain the spread of the Sara M. Tharakan, ...
|
| Date Dec. 8, 2020 |
Report No. IG10021 |
Title
How FEMA Public Assistance Works December 8, 2020 Author Information Erica A. Lee Analyst in Emergency Management and Disaster Recovery Disclaimer This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and under the direction of Congress. Information in ...
|
| Date Dec. 8, 2020 |
Report No. R46637 |
Title
Federal Private Health Insurance Market Reforms: Legal Framework and Enforcement December 8, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46637 SUMMARY Federal Private Health Insurance Market Reforms: Legal Framework and Enforcement R46637 December 8, 2020 Jennifer A. Staman According to the U.S. Census Bureau, in 2018, over 65% of the U.S. population was covered by ...
|
| Date Dec. 8, 2020 |
Report No. RL32717 |
Title
Counting Electoral Votes: An Overview of Procedures at the Joint Session, Including Objections by Members of Congress Updated December 8, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL32717 Counting Electoral Votes: An Overview of Procedures at the Joint Session, Including Objections by Members of Congress Summary The Constitution and federal law establish a detailed ...
|
| Date Dec. 7, 2020 |
Report No. R46628 |
Title
COVID-19 and Domestic PPE Production and Distribution: Issues and Policy Options December 7, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46628 SUMMARY COVID-19 and Domestic PPE Production and Distribution: Issues and Policy Options R46628 December 7, 2020 Michael H. Cecire, Coordinator The novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its rapid emergence as a Analyst in ...
|
| Date Dec. 7, 2020 |
Report No. R46248 |
Title
U.S. Farm Programs: Eligibility and Payment Limits Updated December 7, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46248 SUMMARY U.S. Farm Programs: Eligibility and Payment Limits Under the Agricultural Improvement Act of 2018 (P.L. 115-334, 2018 farm bill), U.S. farm program participants whether individuals or multiperson legal entities must meet specific eligibility ...
|
| Date Dec. 7, 2020 |
Report No. IN11549 |
Title
INSIGHTi Income Shares, Tax Shares, and Average Tax Rates Across the Income Distribution December 7, 2020 The distribution of income and tax burdens often informs tax policy debates. The U.S. income tax system is generally progressive. In a progressive tax system, those with higher incomes pay more, as a percentage of their income, in taxes. As a result, average tax rates tend to be higher for ...
|
| Date Dec. 7, 2020 |
Report No. IN11550 |
Title
INSIGHTi COVID-19: Consumer Debt Relief During the Pandemic December 7, 2020 The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a large and persistent economic impact across the United States. Fear of infection, social distancing, and stay-at-home orders prompted business closures and a severe decline in demand for restaurants and travel, among other industries. Consequently, many Americans ...
|
| Date Dec. 7, 2020 |
Report No. IN11394 |
Title
INSIGHTi State and Local Fiscal Conditions and COVID19: Lessons from the Great Recession and Current Projections Updated December 7, 2020 Federal assistance to state and local governments has been a central part of the fiscal policy discussion surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Economic downturns tend to depress the tax bases of federal, state, and local governments and increase demands for ...
|
| Date Dec. 7, 2020 |
Report No. IN11551 |
Title
INSIGHTi The ALS Disability Insurance Access Act of 2019 (S. 578) December 7, 2020 On December 2, 2020, the Senate passed the ALS Disability Insurance Access Act of 2019 (S. 578), which would amend the Social Security Act to eliminate the five-month waiting period for Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits for disabled workers with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This Insight ...
|
| Date Dec. 7, 2020 |
Report No. R46629 |
Title
Intelligence Community Diversity and Equal Opportunity December 7, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46629 SUMMARY Intelligence Community Diversity and Equal Opportunity This report looks at the history of congressional and presidential concerns about a lack of diversity in the intelligence community (IC), offers some of the data available, and examines selected ...
|
| Date Dec. 7, 2020 |
Report No. IN11552 |
Title
INSIGHTi Boeing 737 Max to Fly Again, Clouded by Certification Concerns December 7, 2020 On November 18, 2020, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) issued an order rescinding its March 2019 order that had grounded the Boeing 737 Max passenger jet for nearly 20 months. Congress continues to debate legislation (H.R. 8408, S. 3969, and S. 3866) seeking to reform aircraft certification in an ...
|
| Date Dec. 4, 2020 |
Report No. IN11241 |
Title
INSIGHTi COVID-19: The Potential Role of TANF in Addressing the Economic Effects Updated December 4, 2020 The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) block grant provides grants to the 50 states, District of Columbia, American Indian tribes, and certain territories with the broad purpose of ameliorating and addressing root causes of childhood economic disadvantage. States may use TANF funds ...
|
| Date Dec. 4, 2020 |
Report No. IF11662 |
Title
Updated December 4, 2020 U.S. Nuclear Weapons Tests Press reports in May 2020 indicated that officials in the Trump Administration had discussed whether to conduct an explosive test of a U.S. nuclear weapon. The United States has observed a voluntary moratorium on nuclear explosive testing since 1992, although it has maintained the ability to resume these tests at the Nevada Nuclear Security Site ...
|
| Date Dec. 3, 2020 |
Report No. R46627 |
Title
Tax Provisions Expiring in 2020 ( Tax Extenders ) December 3, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46627 SUMMARY Tax Provisions Expiring in 2020 ( Tax Extenders ) Thirty-three temporary tax provisions are scheduled to expire at the end of 2020. Collectively, temporary tax provisions that are regularly extended as a group by Congress, rather than being allowed to ...
|
| Date Dec. 3, 2020 |
Report No. IF10770 |
Title
Updated December 3, 2020 Digital Trade Background The rapid growth of digital technologies in recent years has facilitated economic activity and created new opportunities for U.S. consumers and businesses. For example, consumers today access e-commerce, social media, telemedicine, and other offerings not imagined 30 years ago. Firms of all sizes and in every industry use digital services and ...
|
| Date Dec. 3, 2020 |
Report No. R45429 |
Title
Lifting the Earmark Moratorium: Frequently Asked Questions Updated December 3, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45429 SUMMARY Lifting the Earmark Moratorium: Frequently Asked Questions In response to congressional concern over the earmarking process, in the 110th Congress (20072008), the House and Senate codified earmark disclosure requirements into their ...
|
| Date Dec. 3, 2020 |
Report No. IF11693 |
Title
December 3, 2020 Agricultural Soils and Climate Change Mitigation Policymakers, scientists, farmers, and other stakeholders have debated the potential of agricultural soils to sequester (store) carbon and help mitigate future climate change. This discussion includes various approaches to agriculture referred to as carbon farming, regenerative agriculture, farming for soil health, and farming for ...
|
| Date Dec. 3, 2020 |
Report No. IN11548 |
Title
INSIGHTi HHS Announcement on FDA Premarket Review of Laboratory-Developed Tests (LDTs) December 3, 2020 Regulation of laboratory-developed tests (LDTs) a class of in vitro diagnostic (IVD) device that is designed, manufactured, and used within a single laboratory by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been the subject of ongoing discussion, driven in part by an increase in the number and ...
|
| Date Dec. 2, 2020 |
Report No. TE10059 |
Title
Statement of Sidath Viranga Panangala Specialist in Veterans Policy Before Committee on Veterans' Affairs U.S. House of Representatives Hearing on A Time for Change: Assessing the Need to Modernize Veteran Eligibility for Care December 2, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov TE10059 Congressional Research Service 1 Introduction Chairman Takano, Ranking Member Dr. Roe ...
|
| Date Dec. 2, 2020 |
Report No. IN10875 |
Title
Eight Mechanisms to Enact Procedural Change in the U.S. Senate Updated December 2, 2020 The Senate s unique procedural rules have long been a source of interest both inside and outside of Congress. While some hold the view that Senate rules operate well, others have advocated an examination of Senate procedures with an eye toward changing them. This Insight highlights eight parliamentary ...
|
| Date Dec. 2, 2020 |
Report No. R46626 |
Title
Non-Legislative Debate in the House: OneMinute, Morning-Hour, and Special-Order Speeches December 2, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46626 SUMMARY Non-Legislative Debate in the House: OneMinute, Morning-Hour, and Special-Order Speeches R46626 December 2, 2020 Jane A. Hudiburg Analyst on Congress and the Legislative Process Three types of speeches have evolved ...
|
| Date Dec. 2, 2020 |
Report No. IF11692 |
Title
December 2, 2020 Google and Competition: Concerns Beyond the DOJ s Lawsuit On October 20, 2020, the Department of Justice (DOJ) and 11 state attorneys general filed a lawsuit against Google LLC under Section 2 of the Sherman Act (15 U.S.C. 2). The lawsuit alleges that Google unlawfully maintains monopolies in the markets for general search services, search advertising, and general search text ...
|
| Date Dec. 1, 2020 |
Report No. TE10058 |
Title
Statement of Lauren Ploch Blanchard Specialist in African Affairs Before Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations U.S. House of Representatives Hearing on The Unfolding Conflict in Ethiopia December 1, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov TE10058 Congressional Research Service 1 Overview ...
|
| Date Dec. 1, 2020 |
Report No. IN11474 |
Title
INSIGHTi The Federal Death Penalty Updated December 1, 2020 In July 2020, under U.S. Attorney General Barr s direction and a revised Federal Execution Protocol Addendum (replacing the previous three-drug protocol used in executions with a single-drug procedure), the federal government resumed executions, ending a 17-year moratorium on the federal death penalty. Since the beginning of July, eight ...
|
| Date Dec. 1, 2020 |
Report No. IF11691 |
Title
December 1, 2020 The Annual Energy Outlook (AEO): A Brief Overview The Annual Energy Outlook (AEO) provides an annual projection of U.S. energy supply, demand, prices, certain energy-related air emissions, and other factors over a 25-30 year period. Congress has an ongoing interest in whether and how to use the AEO in potentially forthcoming discussions about energy policy. Additionally, Congress ...
|
| Date Nov. 30, 2020 |
Report No. IN11546 |
Title
INSIGHTi Personal Income Growth During the COVID19 Pandemic November 30, 2020 Personal income measures the resources an individual accrues over a period of time. Typically, measures of personal income move in line with the business cycle (the pattern of economic expansions and contractions). During an economic contraction, individuals typically demand fewer goods and services, causing total output ...
|
| Date Nov. 30, 2020 |
Report No. IN11547 |
Title
INSIGHTi Size of the U.S. House of Representatives November 30, 2020 The size of the U.S. House of Representatives is set by federal statute at 435 Representatives (excluding nonvoting seats held by Delegates and the Resident Commissioner). This number has been constant since the start of the 63rd Congress in 1913, aside from a temporary increase to 437 seats to accommodate the additions of Alaska ...
|
| Date Nov. 30, 2020 |
Report No. R46620 |
Title
Financial Services and General Government (FSGG) FY2020 Appropriations: Overview November 30, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46620 SUMMARY Financial Services and General Government (FSGG) FY2020 Appropriations: Overview The Financial Services and General Government (FSGG) appropriations bill includes funding for the Department of the Treasury, the Executive ...
|
| Date Nov. 27, 2020 |
Report No. R46619 |
Title
U.S.-Brazil Economic Relations November 27, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46619 SUMMARY U.S.-Brazil Economic Relations The United States and Brazil historically have enjoyed robust political and economic ties, but many say the countries occasionally divergent policy approaches on trade and other matters have hindered the development of a close partnership. In ...
|
| Date Nov. 25, 2020 |
Report No. R46399 |
Title
Legal Issues in COVID-19 Vaccine Development and Deployment Updated November 25, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46399 SUMMARY Legal Issues in COVID-19 Vaccine Development and Deployment Private companies, universities, and governmental entities are working to develop a vaccine for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccines are biological products regulated ...
|
| Date Nov. 25, 2020 |
Report No. R46184 |
Title
The Gray Wolf Under the Endangered Species Act (ESA): A Case Study in Listing and Delisting Challenges Updated November 25, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46184 SUMMARY The Gray Wolf Under the Endangered Species Act (ESA): A Case Study in Listing and Delisting Challenges R46184 November 25, 2020 Erin H. Ward Legislative Attorney Under the Endangered Species ...
|
| Date Nov. 25, 2020 |
Report No. LSB10556 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The MORE Act: House Plans Historic Vote on Federal Marijuana Legalization November 25, 2020 In December 2020, the House of Representatives plans to vote on H.R. 3884, the Marijuana Opportunity Reinvestment and Expungement Act of 2019 (MORE Act). The MORE Act is also pending before the Senate. Among other things, the MORE Act would remove marijuana from the schedules of controlled ...
|
| Date Nov. 25, 2020 |
Report No. IN11545 |
Title
INSIGHTi How Do Bank Regulators Treat Climate Change Risks? November 25, 2020 Introduction Potential risks to the financial system from climate change have attracted growing attention in government, academia, and media, raising questions about the roles of central banks and bank regulators in addressing such risks. The U.S. central bank, the Federal Reserve (Fed), has responsibilities involving ...
|
| Date Nov. 24, 2020 |
Report No. R42843 |
Title
Introduction to the Legislative Process in the U.S. Congress Updated November 24, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R42843 Introduction to the Legislative Process in the U.S. Congress Summary This report introduces the main steps through which a bill (or other item of business) may travel in the legislative process from introduction to committee and floor ...
|
| Date Nov. 24, 2020 |
Report No. R46617 |
Title
Potential Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Income Security of Older Americans November 24, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46617 SUMMARY Potential Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Income Security of Older Americans Americans aged 55 and older account for approximately 30% of the overall population in 2020, representing older workers approaching ...
|
| Date Nov. 24, 2020 |
Report No. IN11538 |
Title
INSIGHTi Presidential Transitions: An Overview November 24, 2020 Introduction At its heart, a presidential transition is the transfer of executive power from the incumbent President to his successor. A single step taking the oath of the office of President accomplishes this transfer. Yet the transition process is more complex, beginning with pre-election planning and continuing through ...
|
| Date Nov. 24, 2020 |
Report No. IN11540 |
Title
INSIGHTi Presidential Transitions: Executive Orders November 24, 2020 In Section 2 of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (as amended; 3 U.S.C. 102 note), Congress declared that [t]he national interest requires that [presidential] transitions ... be accomplished so as to assure continuity in the faithful execution of the laws and in the conduct of the affairs of the Federal Government, both ...
|
| Date Nov. 24, 2020 |
Report No. R46618 |
Title
An Overview of Rare Earth Elements and Related Issues for Congress November 24, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46618 SUMMARY An Overview of Rare Earth Elements and Related Issues for Congress R46618 November 24, 2020 Brandon S. Tracy Congress is considering legislative changes that could address U.S. access to rare earth elements. Analyst in Energy Policy Rare ...
|
| Date Nov. 24, 2020 |
Report No. IN11539 |
Title
INSIGHTi Presidential Transitions: Midnight Rulemaking November 24, 2020 In Section 2 of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (as amended; 3 U.S.C. 102 note), Congress declared that [t]he national interest requires that [presidential] transitions ... be accomplis hed so as to assure continuity in the faithful execution of the laws and in the conduct of the affairs of the Federal Government, ...
|
| Date Nov. 24, 2020 |
Report No. IN11541 |
Title
INSIGHTi Presidential Transitions: Executive Branch Political Appointment Status November 24, 2020 In Section 2 of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (as amended; 3 U.S.C. 102 note), Congress declared that [t]he national interest requires that [presidential] transitions ... be accomplished so as to assure continuity in the faithful execution of the laws and in the conduct of the affairs of ...
|
| Date Nov. 24, 2020 |
Report No. IN11542 |
Title
INSIGHTi Presidential Transitions: Government Records November 24, 2020 In Section 2 of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (as amended; 3 U.S.C. 102 note), Congress declared that [t]he national interest requires that [presidential] transitions ... be accomplished so as to assure continuity in the faithful execution of the laws and in the conduct of the affairs of the Federal Government, both ...
|
| Date Nov. 24, 2020 |
Report No. IN11543 |
Title
INSIGHTi Presidential Transitions: Executive Clemency November 24, 2020 In Section 2 of the Presidential Transition Act of 1963 (as amended; 3 U.S.C. 102 note), Congress declared that [t]he national interest requires that [presidential] transitions ... be accomplished so as to assure continuity in the faithful execution of the laws and in the conduct of the affairs of the Federal Government, both ...
|
| Date Nov. 23, 2020 |
Report No. R44984 |
Title
Arms Sales in the Middle East: Trends and Analytical Perspectives for U.S. Policy Updated November 23, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44984 Arms Sales in the Middle East: Trends and Analytical Perspectives for U.S. Policy Summary This report analyzes state-to-state arms sales in the Middle East with a particular focus on U.S. transfers, as authorized and ...
|
| Date Nov. 23, 2020 |
Report No. IF10500 |
Title
Updated November 23, 2020 Hong Kong s Legislative Council (Legco) The United States-Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992 (22 U.S.C. 5701, P.L. 102-383) states, Support for democratization is a fundamental principle of United States foreign policy. The democratization of Hong Kong s Legislative Council, or Legco, is one indicator of the city s promised high degree of autonomy from the People s Republic of ...
|
| Date Nov. 23, 2020 |
Report No. IN11544 |
Title
INSIGHTi Supply Chain Considerations for COVID-19 Vaccine Manufacturing November 23, 2020 The development of a vaccine for the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been of concern to Congress, as vaccination can be one of the most effective methods of preventing disease spread. On November 18, 2020, Pfizer/BioNTech announced that an interim analysis found its newly developed vaccine to ...
|
| Date Nov. 23, 2020 |
Report No. R46622 |
Title
Final Rule on Industry-Recognized Apprenticeship Programs November 23, 2020 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46622 SUMMARY Final Rule on Industry-Recognized Apprenticeship Programs R46622 November 23, 2020 Benjamin Collins In March 2020, the Department of Labor (DOL) published a final rule establishing policies Analyst in Labor Policy related to its Industry- ...
|
| Date Nov. 23, 2020 |
Report No. LSB10555 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Puerto Rico s Financial Oversight and Management Board: The Supreme Court s Analysis and What It Means for Congress November 23, 2020 The Supreme Court s recent decision in Financial Oversight & Management Board for Puerto Rico v. Aurelius Investment, LLC (Aurelius), in which the Court rejected an Appointments Clause challenge to Puerto Rico s Financial Oversight and Management ...
|
