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| Date Sept. 23, 2016 |
Report No. IF10476 |
Title
September 23, 2016 TPP: Investment Provisions Background Common Core Protections The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a proposed free trade agreement (FTA) among the United States and 11 Asia-Pacific countries that would reduce and eliminate tariff and non-tariff barriers on goods, services, and agriculture. TPP also would establish trade rules and disciplines that expand on commitments at the ...
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| Date Sept. 23, 2016 |
Report No. IN10583 |
Title
On October 19, 2015, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations applicable to the disposal of coal combustion residuals (CCR) went into effect. CCR, commonly known as "coal ash," is generated when power plants burn coal to produce electricity. (See EPA's Coal Ash website.) EPA promulgated the standards under its existing authorities in the Solid Waste Disposal Act (more commonly ...
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| Date Sept. 23, 2016 |
Report No. IN10584 |
Title
On July 26, 2016, President Obama signed Presidential Policy Directive 41, United States Cyber Incident Coordination, "setting forth principles governing the Federal Government's response to any cyber incident, whether involving government or private sector entities." Issued following high-profile attacks such as the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) breach in 2015 and the recent breach of the ...
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| Date Sept. 22, 2016 |
Report No. R43779 |
Title
Child Support Enforcement and the Hague Convention on Recovery of International Child Support Carmen Solomon-Fears Specialist in Social Policy Alison M. Smith Legislative Attorney September 22, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43779 Child Support Enforcement and the Hague Convention on International Child Support Summary The Hague Convention on the International Recovery of ...
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| Date Sept. 22, 2016 |
Report No. R43344 |
Title
Conflict in South Sudan and the Challenges Ahead Lauren Ploch Blanchard Specialist in African Affairs September 22, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43344 Conflict in South Sudan and the Challenges Ahead Summary South Sudan, which separated from Sudan in 2011 after almost 40 years of civil war, was drawn into a devastating new conflict in late 2013, when a political dispute ...
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| Date Sept. 22, 2016 |
Report No. IN10388 |
Title
Hearings in both the House and the Senate have examined the role and processes for U.S. financial regulators and the international standard-setting body the Financial Stability Board (FSB) for designating large financial institutions as systemically important (or "too big to fail"). Members of Congress and various witnesses have raised concerns that the process of FSB designation for global firms, ...
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| Date Sept. 21, 2016 |
Report No. R44119 |
Title
U.S. Agricultural Trade with Cuba: Current Limitations and Future Prospects Mark A. McMinimy Analyst in Agricultural Policy September 21, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44119 U.S. Agricultural Trade with Cuba: Current Limitations and Future Prospects Summary After more than half a century during which trade relations between the United States and Cuba have evolved from a ...
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| Date Sept. 21, 2016 |
Report No. GROWERS |
Title
CRS Reports & Analysis Legal Sidebar DEA Will Not Reschedule Marijuana, But May Expand Number of Growers of Research Marijuana 09/21/2016 The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) recently released three important documents relating to the treatment of marijuana under federal law. Most prominently, the DEA determined that marijuana should remain a Schedule I drug and not, as a group of petitioners ...
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| Date Sept. 21, 2016 |
Report No. RL32751 |
Title
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Pervaze A. Sheikh Specialist in Natural Resources Policy M. Lynne Corn Specialist in Natural Resources Policy September 21, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL32751 The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora ( Summary The Convention on ...
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| Date Sept. 21, 2016 |
Report No. R43740 |
Title
Veterans Benefits: The Department of Veterans Affairs and the Duty to Assist Claimants name redacted Legislative Attorney September 21, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43740 Veterans Benefits: The Department of Veterans Affairs and the Duty to Assist Claimants Summary The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides an array of benefits to veterans and to certain members of ...
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| Date Sept. 21, 2016 |
Report No. IN10580 |
Title
In October 2015, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) made the first payments for 2014 crops under the new revenue programs provided by the 2014 farm bill (Agricultural Act of 2014, P.L. 113-79). At that time, significant discrepancies in county-level payments were discovered under the Agricultural Revenue Coverage (ARC) program. These significant discrepancies which appear to be due, in part ...
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| Date Sept. 19, 2016 |
Report No. R43909 |
Title
CHIP and the ACA Maintenance of Effort (MOE) Requirement: In Brief Alison Mitchell Specialist in Health Care Financing Evelyne P. Baumrucker Specialist in Health Care Financing September 19, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43909 CHIP and the ACA Maintenance of Effort (MOE) Requirement: In Brief Summary The State Children s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) is a means-tested ...
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| Date Sept. 19, 2016 |
Report No. IN10557 |
Title
Some lawmakers have introduced legislation seeking to condition or prohibit the sale or transfer of certain weapons and the provision of some U.S. foreign assistance to Saudi Arabia. These proposals have come amid reports of Yemeni civilian casualties resulting from Saudi-led coalition military operations in Yemen, which resumed in August 2016. Some lawmakers suggest that U.S. arms sales and ...
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| Date Sept. 19, 2016 |
Report No. IN10315 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Questions of the Privileges of the House September 19, 2016 (IN10315) | Related Author Megan S. Lynch | Megan S. Lynch, Analyst on Congress and the Legislative Process (mlynch@crs.loc.gov, 7-7853) A question of the privileges of the House is a formal declaration by a Member of the House asserting that a situation has arisen that affects "the rights of the House collectively, its safety ...
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| Date Sept. 19, 2016 |
Report No. IN10574 |
Title
The Export-Import Bank (Ex-Im Bank) is operating on a limited basis despite a renewal of its general statutory charter through FY2019 (P.L. 114-94, Division E, enacted December 4, 2015). The absence of a Board of Directors quorum constrains Ex-Im Bank's ability to approve medium- and long-term export financing above $10 million. The Board's status is of congressional interest because nominations ...
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| Date Sept. 19, 2016 |
Report No. IN10524 |
Title
This Insight highlights some of the major policy proposals included in H.R. 5983, the Financial CHOICE Act (FCA). The FCA was ordered to be reported by the House Financial Services Committee on September 13, 2016 and is part of the House Republicans' "A Better Way" policy agenda. The FCA encompasses a broad package of reforms to the financial regulatory system, including significant changes to the ...
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| Date Sept. 19, 2016 |
Report No. IF10473 |
Title
September 19, 2016 Digital Health Information and the Threat of Cyberattack The number of cyberattacks targeting sensitive health information maintained by health care providers and health plans has increased significantly in the past two years. This trend is raising concerns about the vulnerability of electronic health data. Cybersecurity experts predict that the number of cyberattacks involving ...
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| Date Sept. 19, 2016 |
Report No. R42609 |
Title
Overview of the Appeal Process for Veterans Claims R. Chuck Mason Legislative Attorney September 19, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42609 Overview of the Appeal Process for Veterans Claims Summary Congress, through the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), provides a variety of benefits and services to veterans and to certain members of their families. These benefits ...
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| Date Sept. 16, 2016 |
Report No. R44638 |
Title
Corporate Tax Integration and Tax Reform Jane G. Gravelle Senior Specialist in Economic Policy September 16, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44638 Corporate Tax Integration and Tax Reform Summary In January 2016, Senator Orrin Hatch, chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, announced plans for a tax reform that would explore corporate integration. Corporate integration ...
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| Date Sept. 16, 2016 |
Report No. R42042 |
Title
Super PACs in Federal Elections: Overview and Issues for Congress R. Sam Garrett Specialist in American National Government September 16, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42042 Super PACs in Federal Elections: Overview and Issues for Congress Summary Super PACs emerged after the U.S. Supreme Court permitted unlimited corporate and union spending on elections in January 2010 ...
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| Date Sept. 16, 2016 |
Report No. R44634 |
Title
Behavioral Health Among American Indian and Alaska Natives: An Overview Erin Bagalman Analyst in Health Policy Elayne J. Heisler Specialist in Health Services September 16, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44634 Behavioral Health Among American Indian and Alaska Natives: An Overview Summary Behavioral health problems (e.g., mental disorders, substance use disorders, and ...
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| Date Sept. 16, 2016 |
Report No. R44277 |
Title
Syrian Refugee Admissions and Resettlement in the United States: In Brief Andorra Bruno Specialist in Immigration Policy September 16, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44277 Syrian Refugee Admissions and Resettlement in the United States: In Brief Summary The admission of Syrian refugees to the United States has generated public controversy, with opponents citing concerns ...
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| Date Sept. 15, 2016 |
Report No. R44608 |
Title
Reauthorization of the Perkins Act in the 114th Congress: Comparison of Current Law and H.R. 5587 Updated September 15, 2016 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44608 Reauthorization of the Perkins Act in the 114th Congress: Current Law and H.R. 5587 Summary The Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Act of 2006 (Perkins IV; P.L. 109-270) is the main federal law ...
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| Date Sept. 15, 2016 |
Report No. RL34511 |
Title
Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer John F. Sargent Jr. Specialist in Science and Technology Policy September 15, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL34511 Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer Summary Nanoscale science, engineering, and technology commonly referred to collectively as nanotechnology is believed by many to offer extraordinary economic and societal benefits. Congress has ...
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| Date Sept. 15, 2016 |
Report No. R44633 |
Title
Zimbabwe: Current Issues and U.S. Policy Nicolas Cook Specialist in African Affairs September 15, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44633 Zimbabwe: Current Issues and U.S. Policy Summary Zimbabwe, a southern African country of about 14 million people, gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1980 after a lengthy armed struggle against white minority rule. The armed ...
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| Date Sept. 15, 2016 |
Report No. IN10573 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Russia's Parliamentary Elections September 15, 2016 (IN10573) | Related Author Cory Welt | Cory Welt, Analyst in European Affairs (cwelt@crs.loc.gov, 7-5050) On September 18, 2016, Russians will go to the polls to elect the State Duma, the lower house of parliament. Russia's last parliamentary elections in December 2011 triggered a wave of protests against electoral fraud and heralded ...
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| Date Sept. 15, 2016 |
Report No. IN10572 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT How a National Infrastructure Bank Might Work September 15, 2016 (IN10572) | Related Author William J. Mallett | William J. Mallett, Specialist in Transportation Policy (wmallett@crs.loc.gov, 7-2216) The Republican and Democratic presidential candidates both propose increasing federal infrastructure investment. Hillary Clinton recommends increasing federal infrastructure spending by $ ...
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| Date Sept. 15, 2016 |
Report No. IN10577 |
Title
On August 25, 2016, the U.S. Department of Education (ED) imposed a variety of additional Higher Education Act (HEA) Title IV federal student aid program participation requirements on ITT Educational Services, Inc. (ITT-ESI). ITT-ESI is the publically traded parent company of the private, for-profit institutions of higher education (IHEs) ITT Technical Institutes (ITTs) and Daniel Webster College ...
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| Date Sept. 15, 2016 |
Report No. IN10575 |
Title
Many regulatory agencies are required by statue or executive order to perform regulatory analysis assessing the potential effects of a proposed regulation prior to implementing it. For many federal agencies, this analysis must include a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) a systematic and sometimes quantified examination of all potential economic costs and benefits resulting from the implementation of a ...
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| Date Sept. 14, 2016 |
Report No. R44631 |
Title
The Financial CHOICE Act: Policy Issues Sean M. Hoskins, Coordinator Specialist in Financial Economics September 14, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44631 The Financial CHOICE Act: Policy Issues Summary The Financial CHOICE Act (FCA; H.R. 5983), sponsored by Chairman Jeb Hensarling, was ordered to be reported by the House Committee on Financial Services on September 13, ...
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| Date Sept. 14, 2016 |
Report No. RL32875 |
Title
The Child Support Enforcement Program: A Review of the Data Carmen Solomon-Fears Specialist in Social Policy September 14, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL32875 The Child Support Enforcement Program: A Review of the Data Summary The Child Support Enforcement (CSE) program is a federal/state program that is designed to promote self-sufficiency of families in which one of ...
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| Date Sept. 14, 2016 |
Report No. R41072 |
Title
U.S. International Food Aid Programs: Background and Issues Randy Schnepf Specialist in Agricultural Policy September 14, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41072 U.S. International Food Aid Programs: Background and Issues Summary For almost six decades, the United States has played a leading role in global efforts to alleviate hunger and malnutrition and to enhance world food ...
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| Date Sept. 14, 2016 |
Report No. R42130 |
Title
FDA Regulation of Medical Devices Judith A. Johnson Specialist in Biomedical Policy September 14, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42130 FDA Regulation of Medical Devices Summary Prior to and since the passage of the Medical Device Amendments of 1976, Congress has debated how best to ensure that consumers have access, as quickly as possible, to new and improved medical ...
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| Date Sept. 14, 2016 |
Report No. IF10194 |
Title
Updated September 14, 2016 U.S. International Food Aid Programs For over six decades, the United States has played a leading role in global efforts to alleviate hunger and malnutrition and to enhance world food security through international food aid primarily through either the donation or sale on concessional terms of U.S. agricultural commodities. The U.S. government has provided international ...
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| Date Sept. 14, 2016 |
Report No. IN10571 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Prospects in Colombia: Cease-Fire, Peace Accord Vote, and Potential Disrupters September 14, 2016 (IN10571) | Related Author June S. Beittel | June S. Beittel, Analyst in Latin American Affairs (jbeittel@crs.loc.gov, 7-7613) On October 2, 2016, Colombians will be given a chance in a national plebiscite to embrace or reject a peace accord negotiated over four years between the ...
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| Date Sept. 14, 2016 |
Report No. IN10471 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Brazil in Crisis September 14, 2016 (IN10471) | Related Policy Issue Latin America and the Caribbean Related Author Peter J. Meyer | Peter J. Meyer, Analyst in Latin American Affairs (pmeyer@crs.loc.gov, 7-5474) Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff of the center-left Workers Party was permanently removed from office on August 31, 2016 a little more than a year and a half into her second ...
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| Date Sept. 14, 2016 |
Report No. R44554 |
Title
The Dodd-Frank Act: An Overview of the 2016 Incentive-Based Compensation Proposal Aname redactedA Analyst in Financial Economics Aname redactedA Specialist in Financial Economics September 14, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R44554 The Dodd-Frank Act: An Overview of the 2016 Incentive-Based Compensation Proposal Summary Incentive compensation or incentive-based compensation ...
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| Date Sept. 12, 2016 |
Report No. R44632 |
Title
Sea-Level Rise and U.S. Coasts: Science and Policy Considerations Peter Folger Specialist in Energy and Natural Resources Policy Nicole T. Carter Specialist in Natural Resources Policy September 12, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44632 Sea-Level Rise and U.S. Coasts: Science and Policy Considerations Summary Policymakers are interested in sea-level rise because of the risk ...
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| Date Sept. 12, 2016 |
Report No. R43354 |
Title
Domestic Content Restrictions: The Buy American Act and Complementary Provisions of Federal Law Kate M. Manuel Legislative Attorney Alissa M. Dolan Legislative Attorney Brandon J. Murrill Legislative Attorney Rodney M. Perry Legislative Attorney Stephen P. Mulligan Legislative Attorney September 12, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43354 Domestic Content Restrictions Summary ...
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| Date Sept. 12, 2016 |
Report No. IN10568 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Paris Agreement: United States, China Move to Become Parties to Climate Change Treaty September 12, 2016 (IN10568) | Related Author Jane A. Leggett | Jane A. Leggett, Specialist in Energy and Environmental Policy (jaleggett@crs.loc.gov, 7-9525) On September 3, 2016, the United States and China consented to be bound by the international Paris Agreement (PA) to address greenhouse-gas- ...
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| Date Sept. 12, 2016 |
Report No. IF10468 |
Title
September 12, 2016 Sea-Level Rise and U.S. Coasts Policymakers are interested in sea-level rise because of the risk to U.S. coastal populations and infrastructure and changes to coastal ecosystems. Some coastal states and U.S. territories have a considerable share of their assets, people, economies, and water supplies vulnerable to sea-level rise. Policy choices related to sea-level rise have the ...
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| Date Sept. 12, 2016 |
Report No. IN10578 |
Title
In February of this year, BloombergBusiness stated that although the Supreme Court had placed a hold on implementation of President Obama's Clean Power Plan (CPP), the Court's stay "won't save coal from a shrinking market." Under the CPP, Bloomberg noted, EPA had projected that coal's share of the electric power mix would shrink to 27% in 2030 (from a 39% share in 2014); but it was already down to ...
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| Date Sept. 12, 2016 |
Report No. MICROSOFT-ECPA |
Title
CRS Reports & Analysis Legal Sidebar The Microsoft Ireland Decision: U.S. Appeals Court Rules that ECPA Does Not Require Internet Service Providers To Produce Electronic Communications Stored Overseas 09/12/2016 On July 14, 2016, a panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit unanimously ruled that the United States government could not enforce a subpoena seeking Microsoft to ...
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| Date Sept. 12, 2016 |
Report No. R44450 |
Title
House of Representatives v. Burwell and Congressional Standing to Sue Alissa M. Dolan Legislative Attorney September 12, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44450 House of Representatives v. Burwell and Congressional Standing to Sue Summary On November 21, 2014, the House of Representatives filed a lawsuit against the Departments of Health and Human Services and the Treasury, ...
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| Date Sept. 9, 2016 |
Report No. R44230 |
Title
Immigration Legislation and Issues in the 114th Congress (name redacted), Coordinator Specialist in Immigration Policy (name redacted) Analyst in Immigration Policy (name redacted) Specialist in Organized Crime and Terrorism (name redacted) Legislative Attorney (name redacted) Analyst in Immigration Policy (name redacted) Specialist in Immigration Policy September 9, 2016 Congressional Research ...
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| Date Sept. 9, 2016 |
Report No. IF10465 |
Title
September 9, 2016 China s Efforts to Address Ongoing Food Safety Concerns China s role in global agricultural trade has grown significantly, with China now a major supplier of fish and seafood, fruits and vegetables, juices, and processed foods. Agricultural trade between China and the United States has grown sharply since the 1990s (Figure 1). In 2015, U.S. imports from China were valued at $6.4 ...
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| Date Sept. 8, 2016 |
Report No. R44627 |
Title
Interior Immigration Enforcement: Criminal Alien Programs William A. Kandel Analyst in Immigration Policy September 8, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44627 Interior Immigration Enforcement: Criminal Alien Programs Summary Congress has long supported efforts to identify, detain, and remove criminal aliens, defined as noncitizens who have been convicted of crimes in the ...
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| Date Sept. 8, 2016 |
Report No. RL31654 |
Title
The Endangered Species Act: A Primer M. Lynne Corn Specialist in Natural Resources Policy Alexandra M. Wyatt Legislative Attorney September 8, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL31654 The Endangered Species Act: A Primer Summary The Endangered Species Act (ESA; P.L. 93-205, 87 Stat. 884. 16 U.S.C. 1531-1544) has a stated purpose of conserving species identified as endangered ...
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| Date Sept. 8, 2016 |
Report No. R44626 |
Title
The Advocacy of Terrorism on the Internet: Freedom of Speech Issues and the Material Support Statutes Kathleen Ann Ruane Legislative Attorney September 8, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44626 The Advocacy of Terrorism on the Internet Summary The development of the Internet has revolutionized communications. It has never been easier to speak to wide audiences or to ...
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| Date Sept. 8, 2016 |
Report No. R44030 |
Title
FY2016 Appropriations: District of Columbia Eugene Boyd Analyst in Federalism and Economic Development Policy September 8, 2016 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44030 FY2016 Appropriations: District of Columbia Summary On February 2, 2015, the Obama Administration released its budget request for FY2016. The Administration s proposed budget included $474 million in special federal ...
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