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| Date Dec. 19, 2017 |
Report No. IF10793 |
Title
December 19, 2017 The Child Tax Credit and the Conference Report to H.R. 1 The Credit for 2017 In 2017, the child tax credit (CTC) allows taxpayers to reduce their federal income tax liability by up to $1,000 per qualifying child. A family with four qualifying children, for example, is eligible for a credit of up to $4,000. If the value of the credit exceeds the amount of tax a family owes, the ...
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| Date Dec. 19, 2017 |
Report No. IF10792 |
Title
December 19, 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (H.R. 1): Conference Agreement The Tax Cut and Jobs Act (H.R. 1) was released by the conference committee on December 15, 2017. The bill contains some elements of the House tax reform blueprint, the Better Way, released in 2016. Individual Tax Revisions The bill would replace the current seven rate brackets (10%, 15%, 25%, 28%, 33%, 35%, and 39.6%) with tax ...
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| Date Dec. 18, 2017 |
Report No. R45009 |
Title
The National Science Foundation: FY2018 Appropriations and Funding History Laurie A. Harris Analyst in Science and Technology Policy December 18, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45009 The National Science Foundation: FY2018 Appropriations and Funding History Summary The National Science Foundation (NSF) supports basic research and education in the non-medical sciences and ...
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| Date Dec. 18, 2017 |
Report No. IN10795 |
Title
INSIGHTi Short-Term FAA Extension in Place, but Legislative Debate Continues Updated December 18, 2017 Both the House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation acted favorably on bills to reauthorize the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and other aviation programs in June 2017. The two bills, H.R. 2997 and S. 1405, have ...
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| Date Dec. 18, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10046 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The Application of the One Central Reason Standard in Asylum and Withholding of Removal Cases December 18, 2017 Under the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA), a non-U.S. national (alien) who fears persecution in his native country may be eligible for asylum or withholding of removal, two forms of relief from removal that potentially allow the alien to remain in the United States. ...
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| Date Dec. 15, 2017 |
Report No. IN10841 |
Title
INSIGHTi What Share of Taxpayers Would See a Tax Increase or a Tax Decrease Under a Senate Version of the Tax Reform Bill? December 15, 2017 An analysis of the Senate Finance Committee-approved tax reform bill by the Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) indicates that the legislation would result in some taxpayers paying more in taxes, some paying less in taxes, and some seeing little or no change in ...
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| Date Dec. 14, 2017 |
Report No. R44923 |
Title
FY2018 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Issues Kristy N. Kamarck Analyst in Military Manpower Lawrence Kapp Specialist in Military Manpower Policy Barbara Salazar Torreon Senior Research Librarian December 14, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44923 FY2018 National Defense Authorization Act: Selected Military Personnel Issues Summary Military ...
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| Date Dec. 14, 2017 |
Report No. IN10840 |
Title
INSIGHTi The $50 Billion Threshold in the Dodd-Frank Act: Key Findings December 14, 2017 This Insight presents the key findings from the newly issued CRS Report R45036, Bank Systemic Risk Regulation: The $50 Billion Threshold in the Dodd-Frank Act. Background The 2007-2009 financial crisis highlighted the problem of too big to fail (TBTF) financial institutions the concept that the failure of a ...
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| Date Dec. 14, 2017 |
Report No. R43125 |
Title
Mixed-Oxide Fuel Fabrication Plant and Plutonium Disposition: Management and Policy Issues Mark Holt Specialist in Energy Policy Mary Beth D. Nikitin Specialist in Nonproliferation December 14, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43125 Mixed-Oxide Fuel Fabrication Plant and Plutonium Disposition Summary The Mixed Oxide Fuel Fabrication Facility (MFFF) in South Carolina has been ...
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| Date Dec. 14, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10045 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Federal Procurement Law & Natural Disasters David H. Carpenter Legislative Attorney Erika K. Lunder Legislative Attorney December 14, 2017 In the wake of the recent hurricanes that have severely damaged parts of the United States, questions have been raised about the impact of federal procurement law on the federal government s disaster response. There are a limited number of ...
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| Date Dec. 14, 2017 |
Report No. IF10791 |
Title
December 14, 2017 Brand USA: Congressional Appropriators and Administration Disagree on Funding Cuts for U.S. Tourism Promotion The Trump Administration s FY2018 budget proposed eliminating the government s annual grant to Brand USA, a public-private effort to promote the United States as a travel destination for foreign visitors, and using the money instead for homeland security. That proposal ...
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| Date Dec. 13, 2017 |
Report No. RL30588 |
Title
Afghanistan: Post-Taliban Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Kenneth Katzman Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs Clayton Thomas Analyst in Middle Eastern Affairs December 13, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL30588 Afghanistan: Post-Taliban Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy Summary The United States, partner countries, and the Afghan government are attempting to ...
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| Date Dec. 13, 2017 |
Report No. IF10790 |
Title
December 13, 2017 What Next for the Third Offset Strategy? Policymakers express increasing concern that the U.S. military risks losing its global technological supremacy. In 2014, Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel warned that the U.S. military s dominance at sea, in the air, in space, in cyberspace, and elsewhere could no longer be taken for granted. Other countries, including potential U.S. ...
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| Date Dec. 12, 2017 |
Report No. IF10699 |
Title
Updated December 12, 2017 Key Issues in Tax Reform: International Tax Issues Issues surrounding the taxation of U.S. multinational corporations have been a major impetus for tax reform and are some of the main arguments for tax measures to lower the statutory corporate tax rate of 35% and revise the current system for taxing foreign source income. Current Law A territorial or source-based system ...
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| Date Dec. 12, 2017 |
Report No. IN10761 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Taylor Force Act: Palestinian TerrorismRelated Payments and U.S. Aid December 12, 2017 (IN10761) | Related Authors Jim Zanotti Jeremy M. Sharp | Jim Zanotti, Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs (jzanotti@crs.loc.gov, 7-1441) Jeremy M. Sharp, Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs (jsharp@crs.loc.gov, 7-8687) Some Members of Congress have increased their scrutiny of the Palestinian ...
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| Date Dec. 12, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10043 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Supreme Court Declines to Take Up Military Commission Challenges Al Bahlul and AlNashiri December 12, 2017 A version of this Sidebar originally appeared June 14, 2017. Update: The Supreme Court denied certiorari in both cases in October 2017. Two detainees at Guantanamo Bay earlier this year petitioned the Supreme Court for certiorari challenging the current military commission ...
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| Date Dec. 12, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10044 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Suing Subway: When Does a Class Action Settlement Benefit Only the Lawyers? December 12, 2017 In 2013, an Australian teenager measured a sandwich he purchased from a Subway restaurant and discovered that his footlong sandwich was missing an inch. After the teen posted his discovery on social media, his post went viral, and a group of consumers commenced a class action lawsuit ...
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| Date Dec. 8, 2017 |
Report No. RL33895 |
Title
Researching Current Federal Legislation and Regulations: A Guide to Resources for Congressional Staff Jerry W. Mansfield Head Reference Services December 8, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL33895 Researching Current Federal Legislation and Regulations Summary This report is designed to introduce congressional staff to selected governmental and nongovernmental sources that ...
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| Date Dec. 8, 2017 |
Report No. IN10838 |
Title
INSIGHTi Jerusalem: U.S. Recognition as Israel s Capital and Planned Embassy Move December 8, 2017 Via a presidential document that he signed after a speech on December 6, 2017, President Trump proclaimed that the United States recognizes Jerusalem as the capital of the State of Israel and that the United States Embassy to Israel will be relocated [from Tel Aviv] to Jerusalem as soon as ...
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| Date Dec. 8, 2017 |
Report No. IN10839 |
Title
INSIGHTi Medicare Temporary Payment Adjustments for Ground Ambulance Scheduled to Expire December 8, 2017 Medicare Part B pays ambulance suppliers and providers for services and mileage under the Ambulance Fee Schedule (AFS). Congress established, through the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (P.L. 108-173), three temporary payment adjustments for ground ...
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| Date Dec. 7, 2017 |
Report No. R45038 |
Title
Efforts to Address Seasonal Agricultural Import Competition in the NAFTA Renegotiation Ren e Johnson Specialist in Agricultural Policy December 7, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45038 Seasonal Agricultural Import Competition under NAFTA Summary The United States has initiated renegotiations of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) with Canada and Mexico. Among ...
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| Date Dec. 7, 2017 |
Report No. IF10788 |
Title
December 7, 2017 Levee Safety and Risk: Status and Considerations Levees can reduce or exacerbate flood risk. Prior to Hurricane Katrina in 2005, there was little public attention to the safety of the nation s levees. The failure of floodwalls (which were designed and constructed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, or USACE) and breaching of levees in and around New Orleans contributed to ...
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| Date Dec. 6, 2017 |
Report No. R44901 |
Title
Senate Committee Rules in the 115th Congress: Key Provisions Valerie Heitshusen Specialist on Congress and the Legislative Process December 6, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44901 Senate Committee Rules in the 115th Congress: Key Provisions Summary Senate Rule XXVI establishes specific requirements for certain Senate committee procedures. In addition, each Senate committee ...
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| Date Dec. 6, 2017 |
Report No. R45036 |
Title
Bank Systemic Risk Regulation: The $50 Billion Threshold in the Dodd-Frank Act Marc Labonte Specialist in Macroeconomic Policy David W. Perkins Analyst in Macroeconomic Policy December 6, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45036 Bank Systemic Risk Regulation: The $50 Billion Threshold in the Dodd-Frank Act Summary The 2007-2009 financial crisis highlighted the problem of too ...
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| Date Dec. 6, 2017 |
Report No. IN10810 |
Title
INSIGHTi Natural Disasters of 2017: Congressional Considerations Related to FEMA Assistance Updated December 6, 2017 This Insight provides a short overview of issues Congress may consider in its oversight of the Federal Emergency Management Agency s (FEMA s) federal assistance during the 2017 hurricane season (e.g., Harvey, Irma, and Maria) and other disasters (e.g., fires in California). For the ...
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| Date Dec. 6, 2017 |
Report No. 98-336 |
Title
Senate Committee Hearings: Arranging Witnesses Valerie Heitshusen Specialist on Congress and the Legislative Process December 6, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov 98-336 Senate Committee Hearings: Arranging Witnesses S electing witnesses is one of the most important aspects of planning a Senate hearing. Committees and subcommittees pay careful attention to which viewpoints ...
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| Date Dec. 6, 2017 |
Report No. 98-384 |
Title
Senate Consideration of Treaties Valerie Heitshusen Specialist on Congress and the Legislative Process December 6, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov 98-384 Senate Consideration of Treaties T he consideration of treaties and nominations constitutes the executive business of the Senate.1 To conduct executive business, the Senate must resolve into executive session. Senate Rule ...
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| Date Dec. 6, 2017 |
Report No. 98-337 |
Title
Senate Committee Hearings: Scheduling and Notification Valerie Heitshusen Specialist on Congress and the Legislative Process December 6, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov 98-337 Senate Committee Hearings: Scheduling and Notification S enate standing committees and their subcommittees have authority to hold hearings whether the Senate is in session, has recessed, or has ...
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| Date Dec. 6, 2017 |
Report No. 98-392 |
Title
Senate Committee Hearings: Witness Testimony Valerie Heitshusen Specialist on Congress and the Legislative Process December 6, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov 98-392 Senate Committee Hearings: Witness Testimony G enerally, witnesses before Senate committees (except Appropriations) must provide the committee with copies of their written testimony at least one day prior to ...
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| Date Dec. 5, 2017 |
Report No. R45035 |
Title
The Child and Dependent Care Credit: Impact of Selected Policy Options Margot L. Crandall-Hollick Specialist in Public Finance Gene Falk Specialist in Social Policy December 5, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45035 The Child and Dependent Care Credit: Impact of Selected Policy Options Summary Some policymakers have shown interest in having the federal government offset some ...
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| Date Dec. 5, 2017 |
Report No. IN10836 |
Title
INSIGHTi FEMA s Firefighter Assistance Grants: Reauthorization or Sunset? December 5, 2017 Under current law (15 U.S.C. 2229(r) and 15 U.S.C. 2229a(k)), sunset provisions for the Assistance to Firefighters Grant (AFG) and the Staffing for Adequate Fire and Emergency Response (SAFER) programs will go into effect on January 2, 2018, unless the 115th Congress enacts AFG and SAFER reauthorization ...
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| Date Dec. 5, 2017 |
Report No. R45042 |
Title
Winter Fuels Outlook 2017-2018 Robert Pirog Specialist in Energy Economics December 5, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45042 Winter Fuels Outlook 2017-2018 Summary The Energy Information Administration (EIA), in its Short-Term Energy and Winter Fuels Outlook (STEWFO) for the 2017-2018 winter heating season, projects that American consumers should expect to see heating ...
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| Date Dec. 5, 2017 |
Report No. IF10776 |
Title
Updated December 5, 2017 Comparing Key Tax Reform Elements: Tax Cuts and Jobs Act Legislation has been proposed in the House and the Senate that would substantially modify the federal tax system. On November 16, 2017, the House passed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (H.R. 1). The Senate passed its own version of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act on December 2, 2017. This In Focus compares selected key elements ...
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| Date Dec. 4, 2017 |
Report No. 98-489 |
Title
Senate Committee Hearings: Preparation Valerie Heitshusen Specialist on Congress and the Legislative Process December 4, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov 98-489 Senate Committee Hearings: Preparation C ommittee hearings allow Senators an opportunity to gather information on and draw attention to legislation and issues within a committee s purview, conduct oversight of ...
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| Date Dec. 4, 2017 |
Report No. IF10705 |
Title
Updated December 4, 2017 Tax Reform: The Alternative Minimum Tax The U.S. federal income tax has both a personal and a corporate alternative minimum tax (AMT). Both the corporate and individual AMTs operate alongside the regular income tax. They require taxpayers to calculate their liability twice once under the rules for the regular income tax and once under the AMT rules and then pay the higher ...
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| Date Dec. 4, 2017 |
Report No. IF10640 |
Title
Updated December 4, 2017 Tax Reform: Repatriation of Foreign Earnings A 2016 report released by the U.S. Public Interest Research Group, Citizens for Tax Justice, and the Institute on Taxation and Economic Policy estimated that Fortune 500 companies held nearly $2.5 trillion in accumulated profits offshore for tax purposes. Taxing these offshore profits has been discussed as a means to pay for ...
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| Date Dec. 4, 2017 |
Report No. R45037 |
Title
The Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA): A Legal Overview Cynthia Brown Legislative Attorney December 4, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45037 The Foreign Agents Registration Act (FARA): A Legal Overview Summary In the wake of the 2016 election, concerns have been raised with respect to the legal regime governing foreign influence in domestic politics. The central law ...
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| Date Dec. 4, 2017 |
Report No. IF10774 |
Title
Updated December 4, 2017 Tax Reform: The Senate Tax Proposal The Tax Cut and Jobs Act (H.R. 1) was passed by the Senate on December 2, 2017. The bill contains some elements of the House tax reform blueprint, the Better Way, released in 2016. Some items currently excluded from income would be included for example, the employer-provided exclusion for moving expenses and gain from sale of a home for ...
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| Date Dec. 4, 2017 |
Report No. IF10787 |
Title
December 4, 2017 WaterSense : Water-Efficiency Label and Partnership Program WaterSense is a voluntary labeling and partnership program created by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to promote water efficiency. The program initially focused on labeling water-efficient consumer products and has expanded to include labeling of new homes as well as certifying irrigation professionals. ...
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| Date Dec. 1, 2017 |
Report No. IN10834 |
Title
Supplemental Appropriations and the 2017 Hurricane Season December 1, 2017 The 2017 hurricane season was the fifth-most active on record in the Atlantic Basin, in terms of accumulated storm strength. Four named storms made landfall on U.S. soil from mid-August to midOctober, causing extensive damage. Concurrently, a series of deadly wildfires struck California. Enacted 2017 Hurricane Season ...
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| Date Dec. 1, 2017 |
Report No. IN10832 |
Title
INSIGHTi Proposed Offsets Exceed Spending for Agriculture in the Administration s Disaster Assistance Request December 1, 2017 On November 17, 2017, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) released the Administration s request for a third round of supplemental funding in response to natural disasters in 2017. The total request includes $44 billion of additional appropriations for disasters ...
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| Date Dec. 1, 2017 |
Report No. R45043 |
Title
Understanding the Speech or Debate Clause Todd Garvey Legislative Attorney December 1, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45043 Understanding the Speech or Debate Clause Summary The Speech or Debate Clause (Clause) of the U.S. Constitution states that [F]or any Speech or Debate in either House, Members of Congress (Members) shall not be questioned in any other Place. The ...
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| Date Dec. 1, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10039 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Changes to Too Big To Fail? : Treasury Recommends Revisions to Dodd-Frank SIFI Designation Process for Non-Banks (Part I) Jay B. Sykes Legislative Attorney December 1, 2017 On November 17, the Treasury Department issued a report recommending a number of changes to the Financial Stability Oversight Council s (FSOC s) process for designating non-bank financial companies as ...
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| Date Dec. 1, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10040 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Changes to Too Big To Fail ?: Treasury Recommends Revisions to Dodd-Frank SIFI Designation Process for Non-Banks (Part II) December 1, 2017 As discussed in Part I of this two-part Sidebar, on November 17, the Treasury Department issued a report recommending a number of changes to the Financial Stability Oversight Council s (FSOC s) process for designating non-bank financial ...
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| Date Nov. 30, 2017 |
Report No. R44791 |
Title
Reauthorization of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in the 115th Congress Bart Elias Specialist in Aviation Policy Rachel Y. Tang Analyst in Transportation and Industry November 30, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44791 Reauthorization of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in the 115th Congress Summary Funding authorization for the Federal Aviation ...
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| Date Nov. 30, 2017 |
Report No. R44779 |
Title
Colombia s Changing Approach to Drug Policy June S. Beittel Analyst in Latin American Affairs Liana W. Rosen Specialist in International Crime and Narcotics November 30, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44779 Colombia s Changing Approach to Drug Policy Summary Colombia is one of the largest producers of cocaine globally, and it also produces heroin bound for the United ...
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| Date Nov. 30, 2017 |
Report No. RS22401 |
Title
Money Laundering: An Abridged Overview of 18 U.S.C. 1956 and Related Federal Criminal Law Updated November 30, 2017 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS22401 Money Laundering Summary This report provides an overview of the elements of federal criminal money laundering statutes and the sanctions imposed for their violation. The most prominent is 18 U.S.C. 1956. Section ...
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| Date Nov. 30, 2017 |
Report No. IN10830 |
Title
Third Treasury Report on Regulatory Relief: Asset Management and Insurance November 30, 2017 On October 26, 2017, the Department of the Treasury issued a report, A Financial System That Creates Economic Opportunities: Asset Management and Insurance, which examines the regulation of those industries. It is the third in a series of reports written in accordance with Executive Order 13772 issued by ...
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| Date Nov. 30, 2017 |
Report No. RL33315 |
Title
Money Laundering: An Overview of 18 U.S.C. 1956 and Related Federal Criminal Law Charles Doyle Senior Specialist in American Public Law November 30, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL33315 Money Laundering: An Overview of 18 U.S.C. 1956 and Related Federal Criminal Law Summary This report provides an overview of the elements of federal criminal money laundering statutes and ...
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| Date Nov. 30, 2017 |
Report No. IF10120 |
Title
Updated November 30, 2017 Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (T-TIP) Background T-TIP is a potential comprehensive and high-standard free trade agreement (FTA) under negotiation since 2013 between the United States and European Union (EU), each other s largest overall trade and investment partner. T-TIP aims to liberalize U.S.-EU trade and investment; address barriers to trade in goods ...
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