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| Date Nov. 29, 2017 |
Report No. R45032 |
Title
The Trump Administration and the Unified Agenda of Federal Regulatory and Deregulatory Actions November 29, 2017 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45032 The Trump Administration and the Unified Agenda Summary Donald J. Trump promised that if he were elected President, he would instruct federal agencies to reduce their regulations significantly. As of late 2017, this ...
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| Date Nov. 29, 2017 |
Report No. IN10829 |
Title
INSIGHTi Iran s Expanding Economic Relations with Asia name redacted Analyst in International Trade and Finance name redacted Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs November 29, 2017 Overview Since multilateral sanctions on Iran were lifted in January 2016 under the Iran nuclear agreement (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, JCPOA), foreign firms have begun to resume business with Iran. Iranian ...
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| Date Nov. 29, 2017 |
Report No. IN10826 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Zimbabwe's Political Transition: Issues for Congress November 29, 2017 (IN10826) | Related Authors Nicolas Cook Katherine Z. Terrell | Nicolas Cook, Specialist in African Affairs (ncook@crs.loc.gov, 7-0429) Katherine Z. Terrell, Fellow in African Affairs (kterrell@crs.loc.gov, 7-5050) In mid-November 2017, spurred by an intraparty rivalry within the ruling Zimbabwe National Union- ...
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| Date Nov. 29, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10034 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Killing Endangered Species: What s Reasonable Self-Defense? November 29, 2017 In United States v. Wallen, the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (Ninth Circuit) recently held that a defendant charged with killing a grizzly bear cub in violation the Endangered Species Act enjoys a complete defense if he actually, even if unreasonably, believe[s] his actions were ...
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| Date Nov. 29, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10035 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Supreme Court Reiterates Congress s Exclusive Role in Regulating Lower Federal Court Jurisdiction November 29, 2017 The Supreme Court s first signed opinion from the October 2017 term addressed the Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure (FRAP), a body of procedural rules created by the Supreme Court (under statutory authorization) that supplements statutory rules governing federal ...
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| Date Nov. 28, 2017 |
Report No. R45028 |
Title
Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in Independent and Other Agencies During the 114th Congress Jared C. Nagel Senior Research Librarian Michael Greene Senior Research Librarian November 28, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45028 Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions Summary The President makes appointments to positions within the federal government, ...
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| Date Nov. 28, 2017 |
Report No. IN10828 |
Title
INSIGHTi The Opioid Epidemic and the Labor Force November 28, 2017 Some Members have expressed strong concerns about the societal costs of the opioid epidemic, including its potential to adversely affect the U.S. economy. Efforts to quantify the annual economic costs of opioid abuse and dependence return estimates in the tens of billions, of which workforce losses decreased productivity, missed ...
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| Date Nov. 28, 2017 |
Report No. R45029 |
Title
Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions on Regulatory and Other Collegial Boards and Commissions, 114th Congress Michael Greene Senior Research Librarian Jared C. Nagel Senior Research Librarian November 28, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45029 Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions on Boards and Commissions Summary The President makes appointments to ...
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| Date Nov. 28, 2017 |
Report No. IF10784 |
Title
November 28, 2017 Foreign Aid: USAID s Legacy Foundations in Europe/Eurasia Historically, the conclusion of an aid program has been due to completion of its development mission, poor behavior by the recipient country, or funding constraints. Whatever the case, the formal closing of a U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) mission in the past has been viewed by many U.S. policymakers as ...
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| Date Nov. 27, 2017 |
Report No. RS22733 |
Title
Senate Rules Restricting the Content of Conference Reports Elizabeth Rybicki Specialist on Congress and the Legislative Process November 27, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RS22733 Senate Rules Restricting the Content of Conference Reports Summary Two Senate rules affect the authority of conferees to include in their report matter that was not passed by the House or Senate ...
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| Date Nov. 27, 2017 |
Report No. IN10827 |
Title
INSIGHTi Egypt: Terrorist Attack in the Sinai Peninsula ,name redacted, Specialist in Middle Eastern Affairs November 27, 2017 Background Terrorists based in the Sinai Peninsula have been waging an insurgency against the Egyptian government for more than six years. While the terrorist landscape in Egypt is evolving and encompasses several groups, Sinai Province (SP) is known as the most lethal. ...
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| Date Nov. 27, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10031 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Fibbing to Get a Lawyer: Circuits Split on Punishment Updated November 27, 2017 The lower federal appellate courts do not agree on whether a defendant s sentence may be increased because he lied in order to become eligible for a court-appointed attorney. The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (Fifth Circuit) in United States v. Iverson recently joined the Ninth and ...
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| Date Nov. 27, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10033 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The Federal Government s Plenary Immigration Power Collides with the Constitutional Right to an Abortion (Part II) November 27, 2017 This Sidebar is the second in a two-part series discussing the en banc decision by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit (D.C. Circuit) in Garza v. Hargan, affirming a district court s order requiring the Department of Health and Human ...
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| Date Nov. 27, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10032 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The Federal Government s Plenary Immigration Power Collides with the Constitutional Right to an Abortion (Part I) Updated November 27, 2017 This Sidebar is the first in a two-part series discussing Garza v. Hargan, a decision by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit involving a detained unaccompanied alien minor and the right to terminate a pregnancy. The second Sidebar is ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2017 |
Report No. R45024 |
Title
The Campus-Based Financial Aid Programs: Background and Issues Joselynn H. Fountain Analyst in Education Policy November 21, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45024 The Campus-Based Financial Aid Programs: Background and Issues Summary Three need-based student financial aid programs authorized under Title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (HEA) Federal Supplemental ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2017 |
Report No. R44405 |
Title
Cybersecurity: Overview Reports and Links to Government, News, and Related Resources November 21, 2017 (R44405) Jump to Main Text of Report Contents Introduction Tables Table Table Table Table Table 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Cybersecurity Overview Congressional and Government Agencies Resources International Organizations Resources News Publications Resources Other Associations and Institutions Resources ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2017 |
Report No. R44517 |
Title
FDA Human Medical Product User Fee Programs: In Brief Agata Dabrowska Analyst in Health Policy Judith A. Johnson Specialist in Biomedical Policy Amanda K. Sarata Specialist in Health Policy Susan Thaul Specialist in Drug Safety and Effectiveness November 21, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44750 FDA Human Medical Product User Fee Programs: In Brief Contents Overview ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2017 |
Report No. R44406 |
Title
Cybersecurity: Education, Training, and R&D Authoritative Reports and Resources November 21, 2017 (R44406) Jump to Main Text of Report Contents Introduction Tables Table 1. Education and Training Table 2. Research and Development (R&D) Summary Much is written on the topics of current gaps in the education and training of a cybersecurity workforce and the need for technology research and ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2017 |
Report No. R44417 |
Title
Cybersecurity: State, Local, and International Authoritative Reports and Resources November 21, 2017 (R44417) Jump to Main Text of Report Contents Introduction Tables Table Table Table Table 1. 2. 3. 4. State, Local, and Tribal Governments International: General International: China International: Europe, EU, United Kingdom Summary Much is written by and about state, local, and international ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2017 |
Report No. IN10823 |
Title
Volcano and Landslide Provisions in Title X of S. 1460, the Energy and Natural Resources Act of 2017 November 21, 2017 Title X of S. 1460 would authorize a national volcano early warning and monitoring system (Subtitle A) and a National Landslide Hazards Reduction Program (Subtitle B) within the Department of the Interior (DOI). These activities would be led by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), a ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2017 |
Report No. IN10824 |
Title
INSIGHTi The Distribution of the Tax Policy Changes in H.R. 1 and the Senate s Tax Cuts and Jobs Act nae redacted Specialist in Public Finance nae redacted Research Assistant November 21, 2017 Distributional analysis can be used to illustrate how changes in tax policy would affect the economic well-being of taxpayers. The Joint Committee on Taxation (JCT) regularly prepares distributional analyses ...
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| Date Nov. 21, 2017 |
Report No. IN10825 |
Title
CRS INSIGHT Keystone XL Pipeline: Recent Developments November 21, 2017 (IN10825) | Related Authors Paul W. Parfomak Nicole T. Carter | Paul W. Parfomak, Specialist in Energy and Infrastructure Policy (pparfomak@crs.loc.gov, 70030) Nicole T. Carter, Specialist in Natural Resources Policy (ncarter@crs.loc.gov, 7-0854) Introduction TransCanada's proposed Keystone XL Pipeline would transport oil ...
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| Date Nov. 20, 2017 |
Report No. IG10010 |
Title
The U.S. Individual Income Tax System, 2017 November 20, 2017 Author Information Molly F. Sherlock Specialist in Public Finance Disclaimer This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS ...
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| Date Nov. 20, 2017 |
Report No. IF10781 |
Title
November 20, 2017 U.S. Solar Manufacturing and Global Competition In spring 2017, two U.S. solar equipment producers petitioned the United States International Trade Commission (ITC) to consider a global safeguard on solar photovoltaic (PV) cells and modules, claiming that they were being seriously injured by increasing imports. In September 2017, the ITC unanimously agreed that certain types of ...
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| Date Nov. 17, 2017 |
Report No. IN10820 |
Title
INSIGHTi Tax Incentives for Charitable Giving in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (H.R. 1) November 17, 2017 Provisions in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (H.R. 1) would decrease the tax incentive for charitable giving. Under current law, taxpayers itemizing deductions can deduct contributions made to charitable organizations. Generally, the deduction is limited to 50% of adjusted gross income (AGI), although ...
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| Date Nov. 17, 2017 |
Report No. IF10365 |
Title
Updated November 17, 2017 End-Year DOD Contract Spending Background Information The Department of Defense (DOD) obligates approximately $300 billion annually on defense acquisitions. These funds, drawn primarily from more than 100 distinct DOD appropriations accounts, can be divided into six major categories (or six colors of money ): Operation and Maintenance (O&M); Research, Development, Test, ...
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| Date Nov. 17, 2017 |
Report No. IF10704 |
Title
Updated November 17, 2017 Tax Reform: Estate and Gift Tax The estate and gift tax is a unified tax, so that assets transferred as gifts during a person s lifetime are combined with those transferred at death (bequests) and subject to a single rate schedule. The tax is imposed on the decedent s estate, and the rate structure applies to total bequests and gifts given; heirs are not subject to tax. ...
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| Date Nov. 17, 2017 |
Report No. IF10772 |
Title
Updated November 17, 2017 Tax Reform: H.R. 1, Tax Cuts and Jobs Act The proposed tax reform, Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, H.R. 1, was referred to the House Ways and Means Committee on November 2, 2017, and, following a mark-up, was ordered reported on November 9, 2017. H.R. 1 passed the House on November 16, 2017. The bill contains some elements of the 2016 House tax reform blueprint, the Better Way. ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2017 |
Report No. R45018 |
Title
Potential Effects of a U.S. NAFTA Withdrawal: Agricultural Markets Ren e Johnson Specialist in Agricultural Policy November 16, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45018 Potential Effects of a U.S. NAFTA Withdrawal: Agricultural Markets Summary The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) entered into force on January 1, 1994, establishing a free trade area as part of a ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2017 |
Report No. R45023 |
Title
Repair or Rebuild: Options for Electric Power in Puerto Rico Richard J. Campbell Specialist in Energy Policy Corrie E. Clark Analyst in Energy Policy D. Andrew Austin Analyst in Economic Policy November 16, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45023 Repair or Rebuild: Options for Electric Power in Puerto Rico Summary On September 20, 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall in Puerto ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2017 |
Report No. IN10818 |
Title
INSIGHTi Contracting the Adversary November 16, 2017 With the military services looking to alleviate shortages of pilots and publicly admitting shortages in readiness, the Navy and Air Force have begun to look to contracting out some kinds of pilot training specifically the live simulation of enemy aircraft. Before the Vietnam War, American air forces trained internally, with pilots flying against ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2017 |
Report No. IN10819 |
Title
Zimbabwe: A Military-Compelled Transition? November 16, 2017 Between November 14 and 15, members of the Zimbabwe Defense Forces (ZDF) seized control of the state-owned Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation and secured other key political and military facilities, in an action seen by some observers as a coup d tat. The ultimate objective and possible trajectory of their intervention remain unclear, but ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2017 |
Report No. IN10821 |
Title
INSIGHTi OPEC and Non-OPEC Crude Oil Production Agreement: Compliance Status November 16, 2017 On November 30, 2016 in an effort to stabilize declining oil prices the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) announced an agreement whereby 11 of the then-active 13 members would reduce crude oil production by approximately 1.2 million barrels per day (bpd) for 6 months starting ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2017 |
Report No. FISA-REAUTH |
Title
MEMORANDUM November 16, 2017 Subject: Summary of the Substantive Provisions of S. 2010, the FISA Amendments Reauthorization Act of 2017, and H.R. 3989, the USA Liberty Act of 2017 From: Edward C. Liu, Legislative Attorney, eliu@crs.loc.gov, 7-9166 This memorandum was prepared to enable distribution to more than one congressional office. This memorandum summarizes the substantive provisions of: S. ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2017 |
Report No. ZZZ4B9F74D228A8DA84 |
Title
MEMORANDUM November 16, 2017 Subject: Summary of the Substantive Provisions of S. 2010, the FISA Amendments Reauthorization Act of 2017, and H.R. 3989, the USA Liberty Act of 2017 From: Edward C. Liu, Legislative Attorney, eliu@crs.loc.gov, 7-9166 This memorandum was prepared to enable distribution to more than one congressional office. This memorandum summarizes the substantive provisions of: S. ...
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| Date Nov. 16, 2017 |
Report No. IF10775 |
Title
November 16, 2017 Office of Compliance: Background Information Establishment and Organization The Office of Compliance (OOC) was established by the Congressional Accountability Act of 1995 (CAA), which was the first bill enacted in the 104th Congress. It was introduced on January 4, 1995, and passed the Senate with amendments by a vote of 98-1 on January 11 (S. 2). The House passed the bill on ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2017 |
Report No. R44435 |
Title
The Article V Convention to Propose Constitutional Amendments: Current Developments Thomas H. Neale Specialist in American National Government November 15, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44435 The Article V Convention to Propose Constitutional Amendments: Current Developments Summary Article V of the U.S. Constitution provides two procedures for amending the nation s ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2017 |
Report No. IF10579 |
Title
Updated November 15, 2017 Key Issues in Tax Reform: Itemized Tax Deductions Brief Summary of Current Law Individual tax filers have the option to claim the standard deduction or itemize their tax deductions, typically choosing whichever provides the larger tax benefit. Itemized deductions are available for a diverse set of activities such as: mortgage interest, charitable giving, state and local ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2017 |
Report No. R45021 |
Title
Telehealth Services Proposed for Medicare Part B Reimbursements, 2018: Fact Sheet Victoria L. Elliott Analyst in Health Policy November 15, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45021 Telehealth Services for Medicare Part B Reimbursements, 2018: Fact Sheet Contents Introduction ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10030 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Joint Employment and the Save Local Business Act Jon O. Shimabukuro Legislative Attorney November 15, 2017 Note: H.R. 3441, the Save Local Business Act, was passed by the House of Representatives on November 7, 2017 by a vote of 242-181. Since it was decided in 2015, the National Labor Relations Board s (NLRB s) joint employer decision, Browning-Ferris Industries of California, has ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2017 |
Report No. IF10706 |
Title
Updated November 15, 2017 Key Issues in Tax Reform: The Charitable Deduction for Individuals The charitable deduction is a long-standing feature of the individual income tax. It is also one of the largest individual income tax provisions in terms of annual forgone revenue, an estimated $56.9 billion in 2017. This In Focus provides background information on the charitable deduction for individual ...
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| Date Nov. 15, 2017 |
Report No. IF10712 |
Title
Updated November 15, 2017 Key Issues in Tax Reform: Federal Subsidies for Interest Income Generated from Municipal Bonds Changes to tax expenditures have been a core component of several recent tax reform proposals. Tax expenditures are special provisions that move the tax code away from a theoretically normal tax system. In most cases, these special tax provisions result in a revenue loss for the ...
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| Date Nov. 14, 2017 |
Report No. R45022 |
Title
Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies (THUD): FY2018 Appropriations Maggie McCarty Specialist in Housing Policy David Randall Peterman Analyst in Transportation Policy November 14, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R45022 Transportation, Housing and Urban Development (THUD): FY2018 Appropriations Summary The House and Senate Transportation, ...
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| Date Nov. 14, 2017 |
Report No. IN10817 |
Title
INSIGHTi Impact of the Budget Control Act Discretionary Spending Caps on a Continuing Resolution November 14, 2017 What are the requirements of the BCA for FY2018 appropriations? Appropriations enacted for FY2018 are subject to two statutory discretionary spending limits established by the Budget Control Act of 2011 (BCA): One applies to defense discretionary spending, and the other applies to ...
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| Date Nov. 14, 2017 |
Report No. RL31253 |
Title
Statute of Limitation in Federal Criminal Cases: An Overview Charles Doyle Senior Specialist in American Public Law November 14, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL31253 Statute of Limitation in Federal Criminal Cases: An Overview Summary A statute of limitations dictates the time period within which a legal proceeding must begin. The purpose of a statute of limitations in a ...
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| Date Nov. 14, 2017 |
Report No. RS21121 |
Title
Statute of Limitation in Federal Criminal Cases: A Sketch Charles Doyle Senior Specialist in American Public Law November 14, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RS21121 Statute of Limitation in Federal Criminal Cases: A Sketch Summary A statute of limitations dictates the time period within which a legal proceeding must begin. The purpose of a statute of limitations in a ...
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| Date Nov. 14, 2017 |
Report No. IF10584 |
Title
Updated November 14, 2017 Key Issues in Tax Reform: The Mortgage Interest Deduction Tax reform proposals are generally structured around lowering tax rates while broadening the taxable base. The base-broadening component of tax reform could be most directly accomplished by eliminating special provisions in the tax code known as tax expenditures. One of the largest tax expenditures is the mortgage ...
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| Date Nov. 14, 2017 |
Report No. IF10773 |
Title
November 14, 2017 Key Issues in Tax Reform: The Child Tax Credit The Credit The child tax credit (CTC) allows a taxpayer to reduce their federal income tax liability by up to $1,000 per qualifying child. A family with four qualifying children, for example, is eligible for a credit of up to $4,000. If the value of the credit exceeds the amount of tax a family owes, the family may be eligible to ...
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| Date Nov. 14, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10028 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The Latest Chapter in Insider Trading Law: Major Circuit Decision Expands Scope of Liability for Trading on a Tip November 14, 2017 In late August, a split panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (Second Circuit) affirmed the insider trading conviction of Mathew Martoma, a former portfolio manager at the hedge fund SAC Capital Advisors. Martoma s conviction, ...
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| Date Nov. 14, 2017 |
Report No. LSB10029 |
Title
Legal Sidebari In Any Way, Shape, or Form? What Qualifies As Any Court under the Gun Control Act? November 14, 2017 The mass shooting that took place at the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, Texas has raised questions about whether a required background check should have blocked the assailant, Devin P. Kelley, from purchasing the semi-automatic rifle used to kill more than two dozen and ...
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