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H5N1 HPAI Continues to Spread in Dairy Herds (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date Dec. 3, 2024
Report Number IF12837
Report Type In Focus
Authors Joel L. Greene; Lia Biondo
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
Summary:

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) confirmed a strain (H5N1) of highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus (HPAI) in dairy herds in Texas and Kansas on March 25, 2024. Through December 2, 2024, USDA had confirmed H5N1 HPAI in 689 dairy herds in 15 states (Table 1). The United States has approximately 26,000 licensed dairy herds. The spread of H5N1 in dairy herds accelerated in October and November and has been concentrated in the West, with California the current epicenter of the outbreak, accounting for 446 newly affected herds in October and November.