Selected Tribal Lands in 118th Congressional Districts (CRS Report for Congress)
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| Release Date |
Revised Sept. 23, 2024 |
| Report Number |
R48107 |
| Report Type |
Report |
| Authors |
Mainon A. Schwartz; Mariel J. Murray |
| Source Agency |
Congressional Research Service |
| Older Revisions |
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Summary:
The United States has a federal trust responsibility to 574 federally recognized Tribes (“Tribes”),
which includes a responsibility to manage certain tribal lands and assets. The federal trust
responsibility is a legal obligation under which the United States, through treaties, acts of
Congress, and court decisions, “has charged itself with moral obligations of the highest
responsibility and trust” toward Tribes, and can include obligations to protect tribal treaty rights,
lands, assets, and resources on behalf of Tribes and tribal members. Many Tribes have associated
lands (“tribal lands”) in the United States, which include reservations but also other lands which
may be located outside of tribal reservations. Tribal land types include fee (private) lands,
restricted fee lands, and trust lands.
Tribal land ownership statuses and the federal-tribal trust relationship can pose unique challenges for Congress to consider
when deliberating federal policies that affect Tribes. Because of the complex history between the United States and Tribes,
each Tribe may have particular rights, interests, and concerns vis-à-vis the federal government. In addition, these tribal
interests may differ from those of the surrounding local, county, or state governments. There may also be overlapping
jurisdiction among federal, state, and tribal governments. Due to the unique nature of tribal interests and the interplay of
tribal jurisdiction with federal and state jurisdiction, the location and extent of tribal lands within states and congressional
districts may inform Members’ consideration of certain policies and programs.
To that end, this report provides information about the location of tribal lands associated with federally recognized Tribes
throughout the United States through maps and tables. First, this report contains maps showing the location of tribal lands
and congressional districts in the 24 states that (1) have more than one congressional district and (2) contain lands associated
with more than one federally recognized Tribe. The maps include numbers associated with each tribal land area listed in
tables following each map that identify the Tribe associated with those lands and the congressional district(s) where those
lands are found. The boundaries of tribal lands and congressional districts have been identified using information from the
U.S. Census Bureau.
Following the state-specific maps and tables of states with multiple congressional jurisdictions and Tribes with tribal land
areas is an Appendix containing the following:
1. a table of the seven states with multiple congressional districts that have lands associated with only one federally
recognized Tribe (Table A-1),
2. a table of five states with a single congressional district and lands associated with multiple federally recognized
Tribes (Table A-2), and
3. a table of all federally recognized Tribes with associated tribal lands along with the state(s) and congressional
district(s) in which each Tribe’s lands are found, organized alphabetically by Tribe (Table A-3).
