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National Monuments and the Antiquities Act (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date Revised May 10, 2024
Report Number R41330
Report Type Report
Authors Carol Hardy Vincent, Specialist in Natural Resources Policy
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
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Summary:

The Antiquities Act of 1906 authorizes the President to proclaim national monuments on federal lands that contain historic landmarks, historic and prehistoric structures, or other objects of historic or scientific interest. The President is to reserve “the smallest area compatible with the proper care and management of the objects to be protected.” The act was designed to protect federal lands and resources quickly, and Presidents have proclaimed a total of 145 monuments. Congress has modified many of these proclamations and has abolished some monuments. Congress also has created monuments under its own authority.