Mongolia (CRS Report for Congress)
| Release Date |
Revised Oct. 4, 2023 |
| Report Number |
IF10926 |
| Report Type |
In Focus |
| Authors |
Thomas Lum, Ben Dolven |
| Source Agency |
Congressional Research Service |
| Older Revisions |
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Summary:
Mongolia is a landlocked nation of 3 million people
between Russia and China. It is often viewed as a
democratic success story both among former Soviet satellite
states and in Asia. In 1989, democratic activists staged
protests against communist rule and formed the Mongolian
Democratic Union. The Mongolian People’s Revolutionary
Party (MPRP), which had ruled the country since 1921,
allowed multiparty elections in 1990 and relinquished
power in 1996, when a Democratic Party (DP)-led coalition
of opposition forces won nationwide elections. Since then,
the Mongolian legislature and presidency have peacefully
exchanged power several times.
Mongolia’s foreign relations are driven by a desire to
preserve the nation’s autonomy by balancing relations
between major partners, including the United States, the
People’s Republic of China (PRC), and Russia, and also
Japan and South Korea. Its economy is supported by
extensive mineral resources, but growth remains uneven,
driven by fluctuations in mineral and petroleum prices.
