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South Sudan: Current Issues (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date Oct. 1, 2014
Report Number IF00032
Report Type In Focus
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
Summary:

South Sudan emerged in 2011 as the world’s newest country, and as one of its least developed. After almost 40 years of war between the Sudan government and southern insurgents, an overwhelming majority of southern Sudanese voted in January 2011 to secede from Sudan. More than 2.5 million people were killed in the civil war and more than 4 million were displaced. Many fled as refugees, including to the United States. South Sudan was devastated by the conflict, which hindered the development of basic infrastructure and formal civilian institutions. The war created massive, chronic humanitarian needs that have persisted, despite a bounty of natural resources, including 75% of Sudan’s former oil reserves. Corruption also slowed post-war recovery and development. South Sudan was the world’s largest recipient of humanitarian aid in 2013.