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| Date Aug. 26, 2013 |
Report No. R43189 |
Title
Federal Excise Taxes: An Introduction and General Analysis Sean Lowry Analyst in Public Finance August 26, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43189 Federal Excise Taxes: An Introduction and General Analysis Summary There are four common types of excise taxes: (1) sumptuary (or sin ) taxes, (2) regulatory or environmental taxes, (3) benefit-based taxes (or user charges), and (4 ...
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| Date Aug. 26, 2013 |
Report No. R42544 |
Title
SEC Climate Change Disclosure Guidance: An Overview and Congressional Concerns Gary Shorter Specialist in Financial Economics August 26, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42544 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress SEC Climate Change Disclosure Guidance: An Overview and Congressional Concerns Summary Publicly traded companies are required to ...
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| Date Aug. 23, 2013 |
Report No. R43202 |
Title
Qualifying Industrial Zones (QIZs) in Jordan and Egypt: Background and Issues for Congress (name redacted) Specialist in International Trade and Finance August 23, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43202 Qualifying Industrial Zones (QIZs) in Jordan and Egypt: Background and Issues for Congress Summary Congress passed the Qualifying Industrial Zone (QIZ) program in 1996, as an ...
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| Date Aug. 23, 2013 |
Report No. R41584 |
Title
House Apportionment 2012: States Gaining, Losing, and on the Margin Royce Crocker Specialist in American National Government August 23, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41584 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress House Apportionment 2012: States Gaining, Losing, and on the Margin Summary On December 21, 2010, the Commerce Department released ...
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| Date Aug. 23, 2013 |
Report No. RS22990 |
Title
Gas Hydrates: Resource and Hazard Peter Folger Specialist in Energy and Natural Resources Policy August 23, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RS22990 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Gas Hydrates: Resource and Hazard Summary Solid gas hydrates are a potentially huge source of natural gas for the United States. Gas hydrates occur naturally ...
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| Date Aug. 22, 2013 |
Report No. R43186 |
Title
Financial Disclosure by Federal Officials and Publication of Disclosure Reports Jack Maskell Legislative Attorney August 22, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43186 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Financial Disclosure by Federal Officials and Publication of Disclosure Reports Summary High-level officials in all three branches of the ...
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| Date Aug. 21, 2013 |
Report No. R43190 |
Title
Elementary and Secondary Education Act: Estimated Burden Hours and Cost of Information Collections -name redactedSpecialist in Education Policy August 21, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43190 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress ESEA: Estimated Burden Hours and Cost of Information Collections Summary Congress has been actively engaged in ...
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| Date Aug. 21, 2013 |
Report No. R43198 |
Title
U.S. Coal Exports name redacted, Coordinator Specialist in Energy Policy name redacted Specialist in Transportation Policy name redacted Specialist in Energy and Environmental Policy name redacted Analyst in Environmental Policy name redacted Specialist in Energy Policy August 21, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43198 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and ...
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| Date Aug. 21, 2013 |
Report No. R43185 |
Title
Ocean Acidification Updated August 21, 2013 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R43185 Ocean Acidification What Is Ocean Acidification? Ocean acidification is the process whereby seawater becomes less alkaline (or more acidic).1 It is a concern to Congress because of the potential harm ocean acidification may cause to marine resources, and resource dependent industries ...
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| Date Aug. 21, 2013 |
Report No. RS21238 |
Title
Uzbekistan: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests Jim Nichol Specialist in Russian and Eurasian Affairs August 21, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RS21238 Uzbekistan: Recent Developments and U.S. Interests Summary Uzbekistan gained independence at the end of 1991 with the breakup of the Soviet Union. The landlocked country is a potential Central Asian regional power by ...
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| Date Aug. 20, 2013 |
Report No. R43192 |
Title
Immigration Enforcement: Major Provisions in H.R. 2278, the Strengthen and Fortify Enforcement Act (SAFE Act) (name redacted) Legislative Attorney (name redacted) Legislative Attorney August 20, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43192 Immigration Enforcement: Major Provisions in H.R. 2278 Summary Reforming the nation s immigration laws has been the subject of significant ...
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| Date Aug. 19, 2013 |
Report No. RL34314 |
Title
China s Holdings of U.S. Securities: Implications for the U.S. Economy Wayne M. Morrison Specialist in Asian Trade and Finance Marc Labonte Specialist in Macroeconomic Policy August 19, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL34314 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress China s Holdings of U.S. Securities: Implications for the U.S. Economy Summary ...
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| Date Aug. 19, 2013 |
Report No. R42925 |
Title
Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co.: Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Under the Alien Tort Statute name redacted Legislative Attorney August 19, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R42925 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Extraterritorial Jurisdiction Under the Alien Tort Statute Summary The Alien Tort Statute (ATS) was originally drafted as ...
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| Date Aug. 18, 2013 |
Report No. RL31994 |
Title
Same-Sex Marriages: Legal Issues Alison M. Smith Legislative Attorney August 18, 2010 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL31994 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Same-Sex Marriages: Legal Issues Summary The recognition of same-sex marriages generates debate on both the federal and state levels. State legislators in Vermont and New Hampshire ...
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| Date Aug. 16, 2013 |
Report No. R43071 |
Title
U.S.-Chinese Motor Vehicle Trade: Overview and Issues Bill Canis Specialist in Industrial Organization and Business Wayne M. Morrison Specialist in Asian Trade and Finance August 16, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43071 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress U.S.-Chinese Motor Vehicle Trade: Overview and Issues Summary The U.S. auto ...
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| Date Aug. 15, 2013 |
Report No. R43182 |
Title
Financing Natural Catastrophe Exposure: Issues and Options for Improving Risk Transfer Markets Rawle O. King Specialist in Financial Economics and Risk Assessment August 15, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43182 Financing Natural Catastrophe Exposure: Issues and Options for Improving Risk Transfer Markets Summary The federal government has an established institutional ...
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| Date Aug. 14, 2013 |
Report No. R43178 |
Title
Telecommunications and Media Convergence: Selected Issues for Consideration Angele A. Gilroy, Coordinator Specialist in Telecommunications Policy August 14, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43178 Telecommunications and Media Convergence: Selected Issues for Consideration Summary The passage of the 1996 Telecommunications Act (P.L. 104-104) resulted in a major revision of the ...
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| Date Aug. 14, 2013 |
Report No. R41194 |
Title
Bangladesh: Political and Strategic Developments and U.S. Interests Bruce Vaughn Specialist in Asian Affaris August 14, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41194 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Bangladesh: Political and Strategic Developments and U.S. Interests Summary Bangladesh (the former East Pakistan) is an Islamic-majority nation in ...
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| Date Aug. 14, 2013 |
Report No. R43171 |
Title
Head Start: Designation Renewal System /name redacted/ Specialist in Social Policy August 14, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43171 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Head Start: Designation Renewal System Summary Head Start is a federal program that has provided comprehensive early childhood development services (e.g., education, health ...
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| Date Aug. 13, 2013 |
Report No. R42676 |
Title
Japan Joins the Trans-Pacific Partnership: What Are the Implications? William H. Cooper Specialist in International Trade and Finance Mark E. Manyin Specialist in Asian Affairs August 13, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42676 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Japan Joins the Trans-Pacific Partnership: What Are the Implications? Summary ...
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| Date Aug. 13, 2013 |
Report No. R43177 |
Title
Health Workforce Programs in Title VII of the Public Health Service Act Bernice Reyes-Akinbileje Analyst in Health Resources and Services August 13, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43177 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Health Workforce Programs in Title VII of the Public Health Service Act Summary Title VII of the Public Health ...
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| Date Aug. 13, 2013 |
Report No. R42760 |
Title
Fannie Mae s and Freddie Mac s Financial Status: Frequently Asked Questions N. Eric Weiss Specialist in Financial Economics August 13, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42760 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Fannie Mae s and Freddie Mac s Financial Status: Frequently Asked Questions Summary Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are chartered by ...
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| Date Aug. 13, 2013 |
Report No. R42146 |
Title
In Brief: Assessing the January 2012 Defense Strategic Guidance (DSG) Catherine Dale Specialist in International Security Pat Towell Specialist in U.S. Defense Policy and Budget August 13, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42146 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress In Brief: Assessing the January 2012 Defense Strategic Guidance (DSG) n ...
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| Date Aug. 12, 2013 |
Report No. R41656 |
Title
Changing the Federal Reserve s Mandate: An Economic Analysis Marc Labonte Specialist in Macroeconomic Policy August 12, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41656 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Changing the Federal Reserve s Mandate: An Economic Analysis Summary The Federal Reserve s (Fed s) current statutory mandate calls for it to ...
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| Date Aug. 12, 2013 |
Report No. R41739 |
Title
Military Justice: Courts-Martial, an Overview R. Chuck Mason Legislative Attorney August 12, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41739 Military Justice: Courts-Martial, an Overview Summary Recent high-profile military-related cases involving sexual assaults by U.S. servicemembers have resulted in increased public and congressional interest in military discipline and the ...
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| Date Aug. 12, 2013 |
Report No. R43096 |
Title
. Selected Laws Governing the Broadcast of Professional Sporting Events Kathleen Ann Ruane Legislative Attorney Brian T. Yeh Legislative Attorney August 12, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43096 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress . Selected Laws Governing the Broadcast of Professional Sporting Events Summary Professional sports are a ...
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| Date Aug. 9, 2013 |
Report No. R42477 |
Title
Immigration Provisions of the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) William A. Kandel Analyst in Immigration Policy August 9, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42477 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Immigration Provisions of the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) Summary The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) includes provisions to assist ...
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| Date Aug. 8, 2013 |
Report No. R43175 |
Title
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Other Mental Health Problems in the Military: Oversight Issues for Congress Katherine Blakeley Analyst in Foreign Affairs Don J. Jansen Analyst in Defense Health Care Policy August 8, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43175 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Other Mental ...
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| Date Aug. 7, 2013 |
Report No. R40143 |
Title
Ocean Acidification Updated August 7, 2013 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R40143 Ocean Acidification Summary With increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, the extent of effects on the ocean and marine resources is an increasing concern. One aspect of this issue is the ongoing process (known as ocean acidification) whereby seawater becomes ...
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| Date Aug. 7, 2013 |
Report No. R43176 |
Title
European Union Wind and Solar Electricity Policies: Overview and Considerations Phillip Brown Specialist in Energy Policy August 7, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43176 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress European Union Wind and Solar Electricity Policies: Overview and Considerations Summary European Union (EU) countries have provided ...
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| Date Aug. 6, 2013 |
Report No. R41382 |
Title
The House of Representatives Apportionment Formula: An Analysis of Proposals for Change and Their Impact on States Updated August 6, 2013 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41382 The House of Representatives Apportionment Formula: An Analysis of Proposals Summary As a basis for understanding the reallocation of Representatives among the states based on the 2010 Census, ...
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| Date Aug. 6, 2013 |
Report No. R40795 |
Title
Don t Ask, Don t Tell : A Legal Analysis Jody Feder Legislative Attorney August 6, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R40795 Don t Ask, Don t Tell : A Legal Analysis Summary In 1993, after many months of study, debate, and political controversy, Congress passed and President Clinton signed legislation establishing a revised [p]olicy concerning homosexuality in the armed ...
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| Date Aug. 6, 2013 |
Report No. R43174 |
Title
National Security Strategy: Mandates, Execution to Date, and Issues for Congress Catherine Dale Specialist in International Security August 6, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43174 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress National Security Strategy: Mandates, Execution to Date, and Issues for Congress Summary Strategy together with decision- ...
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| Date Aug. 6, 2013 |
Report No. R43005 |
Title
The Supreme Court Rediscovers Property Rights: Six Recent Decisions -name redactedLegislative Attorney August 6, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43005 The Supreme Court Rediscovers Property Rights: Six Recent Decisions Summary In 2010, the Supreme Court ended a five-year period when it accepted no property rights cases, granting certiorari in no less than six such cases ...
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| Date Aug. 6, 2013 |
Report No. R43149 |
Title
Background on and Implementation of the Bevill and Bentsen Exclusions in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act: EPA Authorities to Regulate Special Wastes Linda Luther Analyst in Environmental Policy August 6, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43149 Implementing the Bevill and Bentsen Exclusions in RCRA Summary The federal program to manage hazardous waste was ...
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| Date Aug. 5, 2013 |
Report No. R41922 |
Title
Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) and Its Role in U.S. Trade Policy J. F. Hornbeck Specialist in International Trade and Finance August 5, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41922 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) and Its Role in U.S. Trade Policy Summary Congress created Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) ...
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| Date Aug. 5, 2013 |
Report No. R42758 |
Title
The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA): An Overview Gerald Mayer Analyst in Labor Policy August 5, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42758 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA): An Overview Summary The Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (FMLA), as amended, is intended to help employees balance work ...
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| Date Aug. 2, 2013 |
Report No. R41357 |
Title
The U.S. House of Representatives Apportionment Formula in Theory and Practice name redacted Specialist in American National Government August 2, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R41357 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The U.S. House of Representatives Apportionment Formula in Theory and Practice Summary On December 21, 2010, the number ...
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| Date Aug. 2, 2013 |
Report No. RS22172 |
Title
The Conforming Loan Limit Updated August 2, 2013 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RS22172 The Conforming Loan Limit Summary Congress is concerned with the pace of the recovery in the housing and mortgage markets. A series of laws starting with the Economic Stimulus Act of 2008 (ESA; P.L. 110-185) were designed to increase the availability and affordability of ...
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| Date Aug. 1, 2013 |
Report No. R41108 |
Title
U.S.-China Relations: An Overview of Policy Issues Susan V. Lawrence Specialist in Asian Affairs August 1, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41108 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress U.S.-China Relations: An Overview of Policy Issues Summary The United States relationship with China touches on an exceptionally broad range of issues, from ...
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| Date Aug. 1, 2013 |
Report No. R43170 |
Title
Injurious Species Listings Under the Lacey Act: A Legal Briefing Kristina Alexander Legislative Attorney August 1, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43170 Injurious Species Listings Under the Lacey Act: A Legal Briefing Summary The Lacey Act addresses illegal wildlife trade to protect species at risk and bars importing species found to be injurious to the United States. The ...
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| Date Aug. 1, 2013 |
Report No. R42091 |
Title
The MF Global Bankruptcy, Missing Customer Funds, and Proposals for Reform Rena S. Miller Analyst in Financial Economics August 1, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R42091 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The MF Global Bankruptcy, Missing Customer Funds, and Proposals for Reform Summary On October 31, 2011, MF Global, a large brokerage ...
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| Date July 31, 2013 |
Report No. R42819 |
Title
ESEA Reauthorization Proposals in the 112th Congress: Comparison of Major Features name redacted Specialist in Education Policy name redacted Specialist in Education Policy name redacted Analyst in Education Policy name redacted Specialist in Social Policy July 31, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R42819 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress ...
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| Date July 31, 2013 |
Report No. R43070 |
Title
Regulation of Fertilizers: Ammonium Nitrate and Anhydrous Ammonia Dana A. Shea Specialist in Science and Technology Policy Linda-Jo Schierow Specialist in Environmental Policy Scott D. Szymendera Analyst in Disability Policy July 31, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43070 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Regulation of Fertilizers: ...
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| Date July 30, 2013 |
Report No. R43146 |
Title
ESEA Reauthorization Proposals in the 113th Congress: Comparison of Major Features name redacted Specialist in Education Policy name redacted Specialist in Education Policy name redacted Analyst in Education Policy name redacted Specialist in Social Policy July 30, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-.... www.crs.gov R43146 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress ...
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| Date July 29, 2013 |
Report No. R41552 |
Title
The U.S. Congress and the European Parliament: Evolving Transatlantic Legislative Cooperation Kristin Archick Specialist in European Affairs Vincent L. Morelli Section Research Manager July 29, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R41552 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The U.S. Congress and the European Parliament Summary The United States ...
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| Date July 29, 2013 |
Report No. R43172 |
Title
. Privatizing the Tennessee Valley Authority: Options and Issues Richard J. Campbell Specialist in Energy Policy July 29, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43172 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress . Privatizing the Tennessee Valley Authority: Options and Issues Summary In its budget proposal for FY2014, the Obama Administration proposed a ...
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| Date July 26, 2013 |
Report No. R43094 |
Title
An Examination of Student Loan Interest Rate Proposals in the 113th Congress David P. Smole Specialist in Education Policy July 26, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43094 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress An Examination of Student Loan Interest Rate Proposals in the 113th Congress Summary The interest rates that borrowers pay on federal ...
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| Date July 26, 2013 |
Report No. R43165 |
Title
Retaining and Preserving Federal Records in a Digital Environment: Background and Issues for Congress Wendy Ginsberg Analyst in American National Government July 26, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R43165 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Retaining and Preserving Federal Records in a Digital Environment Summary All federal departments ...
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| Date July 26, 2013 |
Report No. RS20490 |
Title
Singapore: Background and U.S. Relations Emma Chanlett-Avery Specialist in Asian Affairs July 26, 2013 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RS20490 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress Singapore: Background and U.S. Relations Summary A former trading and military outpost of the British Empire, the tiny Republic of Singapore has transformed itself ...
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