Afghanistan: U.S. Foreign Assistance (CRS Report for Congress)
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| Release Date |
Revised Aug. 21, 2012 |
| Report Number |
R40699 |
| Report Type |
Report |
| Authors |
Curt Tarnoff, Specialist in Foreign Affairs |
| Source Agency |
Congressional Research Service |
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Summary:
The U.S. program of assistance to Afghanistan is intended to stabilize and strengthen the Afghan economic, social, political, and security environment so as to blunt popular support for extremist forces in the region. Since 2001, nearly $38 billion has been appropriated toward this effort. More than half of U.S. assistance--roughly 54%--has gone to security programs, mostly the training and equipping of Afghan forces. Another 32% has gone to development and humanitarian-related activities from infrastructure to private sector support. About 5% has been targeted at governance and democratization efforts. More than 9% has been directed to counternarcotics programs. Key U.S. agencies providing aid are the Department of Defense [DOD] (56% of aid), the Agency for International Development (28%), the Department of State (14%), and the Department of Agriculture (1%). In June 2009, Congress approved the FY2009 supplemental appropriations (P.L. 111-32, H.R. 2346), closely following the Administration request for Afghanistan aid. The legislation provides $861 million in the Economic Support Fund (ESF); $133 million in the International Narcotics and Law Enforcement (INCLE) account; $3.6 billion in the Afghan Security Forces Fund (ASFF); and $453 million in the Commander's Emergency Response Program (CERP), the latter to be shared with Iraq. On May 7, 2009, the Administration submitted an FY2010 budget request to Congress. It would provide $2.8 billion in economic assistance under the State, Foreign Operations budget, mostly composed of $2.2 billion in ESF and $450 million in INCLE funds. The DOD appropriations request for FY2010 includes $7.5 billion for the ASFF and $1.5 billion for the CERP, the latter shared with Iraq. On June 26, 2009, the House Appropriations Committee reported H.R. 3081 (H.Rept. 111-187), the FY2010 State, Foreign Operations Appropriations, providing $2.1 billion in ESF and $420 million in INCLE funds to Afghanistan. This report provides a 'big picture' overview of the U.S. aid program and congressional action. It describes what various aid agencies report they are doing in Afghanistan. It does not address the effectiveness of their programs. It will be updated as events warrant. For discussion of the Afghan political, security, and economic situation, see CRS [Congressional Research Service] Report RL30588, 'Afghanistan: Post-Taliban Governance, Security, and U.S. Policy', by Kenneth Katzman. For greater detail on U.S. security assistance provided by the Department of Defense, see CRS Report R40156, 'War in Afghanistan: Strategy, Military Operations, and Issues for Congress', by Catherine Dale. For fuller information on U.S. counter-narcotics efforts in Afghanistan, see CRS Report RL32686, 'Afghanistan: Narcotics and U.S. Policy', by Christopher M. Blanchard.
