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| Date July 17, 2003 |
Report No. 98-472GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-472 GOV Updated July 17, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web The Congressional Budget Process Timetable Bill Heniff Jr. Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division The Congressional Budget Act (CBA) of 1974 (Titles I-IX of P.L. 93-344, 88 Stat. 297-332) established the congressional budget process, which coordinates the legislative ...
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| Date July 17, 2003 |
Report No. 98-266GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-266 GOV Updated July 17, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Congressional Record: Its Production, Distribution, and Accessibility Mildred Amer Specialist in American Government Government and Finance Division The Congressional Record is the most widely recognized published account of the debates and activities in Congress. The Record often reflects the intent ...
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| Date July 17, 2003 |
Report No. 98-814GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-814 GOV Updated July 17, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Budget Reconciliation Legislation: Development and Consideration Bill Heniff Jr. Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division Budget reconciliation is an optional two-step process, provided by the Congressional Budget Act (CBA) of 1974 (Titles I-IX of P.L. 93-344, 88 Stat. ...
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| Date July 17, 2003 |
Report No. 98-718GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-718 GOV July 17, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Secret Sessions of the House and Senate Mildred Amer Specialist in American Government Government and Finance Division Secret, or closed, sessions of the House and Senate exclude the press and the public. These sessions are used for Senate deliberations during impeachment trials as well as to discuss issues of ...
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| Date July 17, 2003 |
Report No. 98-265GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-265 GOV Updated July 17, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web A User s Guide to the Congressional Record Mildred Amer Specialist in American National Government Government and Finance Division Summary The Congressional Record is a substantially verbatim account of remarks made during the proceedings of the House and Senate, subject only to technical, grammatical, ...
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| Date July 16, 2003 |
Report No. RL30751 |
Title
Order Code RL30751 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Diamonds and Conflict: Background, Policy, and Legislation Updated July 16, 2003 Nicolas Cook Analyst in African Affairs Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Diamonds and Conflict: Background and Policy Responses Summary In several diamond-rich countries affected by armed ...
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| Date July 16, 2003 |
Report No. RL31997 |
Title
Order Code RL31997 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Authority to Enforce the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) in the Wake of the Homeland Security Act: Legal Issues July 16, 2003 Stephen R. Vi a Legislative Attorney American Law Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Authority to Enforce the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) in the Wake of the ...
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| Date July 16, 2003 |
Report No. RS21571 |
Title
Order Code RS21571 July 16, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Campaign Finance and Prohibiting Contributions by Tax-Exempt Corporations: FEC v. Beaumont L. Paige Whitaker Legislative Attorney American Law Division Summary The Federal Election Campaign Act (FECA) prohibits corporations, including taxexempt, advocacy corporations, from using treasury funds to make direct ...
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| Date July 16, 2003 |
Report No. RS21500 |
Title
Order Code RS21500 Updated July 16, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web The Endangered Species Act (ESA), Sound Science, and the Courts Pamela Baldwin Legislative Attorney American Law Division Summary Decisions to list species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) must rest only on the best available scientific data, and science plays a part in other important aspects of ...
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| Date July 16, 2003 |
Report No. RS21572 |
Title
Order Code RS21572 July 16, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Capital Punishment: Summary of Supreme Court Decisions of the 2002-2003 Term Paul Starett Wallace, Jr. Specialist in American Public Law American Law Division Summary In its 2001-2002 term, for the first time since 1988, the Supreme Court placed substantial new restrictions on the powers to impose the death ...
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| Date July 16, 2003 |
Report No. 97-901GOV |
Title
Order Code 97-901 GOV Updated July 16, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Suspension of Rules in the House: Measure Sponsorship by Party Thomas P. Carr Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division Summary From the 100th through the 105th Congresses (1987-1998), the House of Representatives acted on measures through a motion to suspend the rules an ...
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| Date July 16, 2003 |
Report No. 98-714 |
Title
Order Code 98-714 GOV Updated July 16, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Legislative Branch Appropriations Bill: Fact Sheet on Structure, Content, and Process Lorraine H. Tong Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division The legislative branch appropriations bill is one of the regular appropriations bills that Congress normally enacts each year ...
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| Date July 16, 2003 |
Report No. 98-865GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-865 GOV Updated July 16, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Flow of Business: Typical Day on the Senate Floor Paul S. Rundquist Specialist in American National Government Government and Finance Division Several authorities govern the daily chamber work of the Senate: the standing rules, the standing orders, unanimous consent agreements, precedent, and ...
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| Date July 16, 2003 |
Report No. 98-825GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-825 GOV Updated July 16, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Sense of Resolutions and Provisions Paul S. Rundquist Specialist in American National Government Government and Finance Division One or both houses of Congress may formally express opinions about subjects of current national interest through freestanding simple or concurrent resolutions (called ...
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| Date July 16, 2003 |
Report No. 98-397GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-397 GOV Updated July 16, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Guide to Individuals Seated on the Senate Dais Mildred Amer Specialist in American Government Government and Finance Division The Senate meets in the Senate chamber of the Capitol. Seated at the head of the chamber on the top of a two-tiered platform/dais is the presiding officer. Members are assigned ...
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| Date July 15, 2003 |
Report No. RL32006 |
Title
Order Code RL32006 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Social Security Reform: Effect on Benefits and the Federal Budget of Plans Proposed by the President s Commission to Strengthen Social Security July 15, 2003 Dawn Nuschler and Geoffrey Kollmann Domestic Social Policy Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Social Security Reform: Effect on Benefits and ...
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| Date July 15, 2003 |
Report No. 98-368 |
Title
Order Code 98-368 GOV Updated July 15, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web A Tax Limitation Constitutional Amendment: Issues and Options Concerning a Super-Majority Requirement James V. Saturno Specialist on the Congress Government and Finance Division Summary Proposals to limit the federal government s authority to raise taxes have been made several times in recent years. ...
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| Date July 15, 2003 |
Report No. RL31431 |
Title
Order Code RL31431 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Federal Highway Assistance to U.S. Territories: Legislative/Funding History and Reauthorization Options Updated July 15, 2003 Robert S. Kirk Specialist in Transportation Resources, Science, and Industry Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Federal Highway Assistance to U.S. Territories: Legislative/ ...
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| Date July 15, 2003 |
Report No. RL31874 |
Title
Order Code RL31874 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web The University of Michigan Affirmative Action Cases: Racial Diversity in Higher Education Updated July 15, 2003 Charles V. Dale Legislative Attorney American Law Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress The University of Michigan Affirmative Action Cases: Racial Diversity in Higher Education Summary The ...
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| Date July 15, 2003 |
Report No. RS20968 |
Title
Order Code RS20968 Updated July 15, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Jordan-U.S. Free Trade Agreement: Labor Issues Mary Jane Bolle Specialist in International Trade Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary The U.S.-Jordan Free Trade Agreement (FTA), implemented as P.L. 107-43, which went into effect December 17, 2001, breaks new ground by including multiple ...
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| Date July 15, 2003 |
Report No. 98-368GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-368 GOV Updated July 15, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web A Tax Limitation Constitutional Amendment: Issues and Options Concerning a Super-Majority Requirement James V. Saturno Specialist on the Congress Government and Finance Division Summary Proposals to limit the federal government s authority to raise taxes have been made several times in recent years. ...
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| Date July 15, 2003 |
Report No. RL31996 |
Title
Order Code RL31996 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Supreme Court Opinions: October 2002 Term July 15, 2003 George Costello Legislative Attorney American Law Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Supreme Court Opinions: October 2002 Term Summary This report contains synopses of Supreme Court decisions issued from the beginning of the October 2002 Term ...
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| Date July 14, 2003 |
Report No. RS21569 |
Title
Order Code RS21569 July 14, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Geographical Indications and WTO Negotiations Charles E. Hanrahan Senior Specialist in Agricultural Policy Resources, Science and Industry Division Summary The issue of expanding intellectual property protections for geographical indications for wines, spirits, and agricultural products is being debated in the ...
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| Date July 11, 2003 |
Report No. RL31992 |
Title
Order Code RL31992 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Medicare Prescription Drug Provisions of S. 1, as Passed by the Senate, and H.R. 1, as Passed by the House Updated July 11, 2003 Jennifer O Sullivan Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Medicare Prescription Drug Provisions of S. 1, as Passed by ...
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| Date July 11, 2003 |
Report No. RL31435 |
Title
Order Code RL31435 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in Independent and Other Agencies During the 107th Congress Updated July 11, 2003 Henry B. Hogue Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Presidential Appointments to Full-Time Positions in ...
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| Date July 11, 2003 |
Report No. 98-255 |
Title
Order Code 98-255 GOV Updated July 11, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Political Action Committees: Their Role in Financing Congressional Elections Joseph E. Cantor Specialist in American National Government Government and Finance Division Summary Political action committees, or PACs, are legal entities through which interest groups raise and spend money in elections. ...
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| Date July 11, 2003 |
Report No. RS21263 |
Title
Order Code RS21263 Updated July 11, 2003 Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and SEC Registration and Disclosures Mark Jickling Specialist in Public Finance Government and Finance Division Summary Businesses selling securities to the public generally must register with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac1 are large public ...
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| Date July 10, 2003 |
Report No. RS20930 |
Title
Order Code RS20930 Updated July 10, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web House Leadership Structure: Overview of Party Organization Judy Schneider Specialist on the Congress Government and Finance Division Summary At the beginning of each Congress, Members meet to organize and select their leaders. Democrats call their party organization the Democratic Caucus; Republicans call ...
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| Date July 9, 2003 |
Report No. RL31428 |
Title
Order Code RL31428 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Productivity Growth: Recent Trends and Future Prospects Updated July 9, 2003 Brian W. Cashell Specialist in Quantitative Economics Government and Finance Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Productivity Growth: Recent Trends and Future Prospects Summary While there are many economic variables over ...
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| Date July 8, 2003 |
Report No. IB10027 |
Title
Order Code IB10027 CRS Issue Brief for Congress Received through the CRS Web Kosovo and Macedonia: U.S. and Allied Military Operations Updated July 8, 2003 Steve Bowman Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress CONTENTS SUMMARY MOST RECENT DEVELOPMENTS BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS Background Military Operations The Air Campaign Ground Force ...
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| Date July 8, 2003 |
Report No. IB94029 |
Title
Order Code IB94029 CRS Issue Brief for Congress Received through the CRS Web Chemical Weapons Convention: Issues for Congress Updated July 8, 2003 Steven R. Bowman Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress CONTENTS SUMMARY MOST RECENT DEVELOPMENTS BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS CWC Ratification and Implementation Ratifying Legislation (S.Res. 75, ...
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| Date July 8, 2003 |
Report No. IB93056 |
Title
Order Code IB93056 CRS Issue Brief for Congress Received through the CRS Web Bosnia: U.S. Military Operations Updated July 8, 2003 Steven R. Bowman Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress CONTENTS SUMMARY MOST RECENT DEVELOPMENTS BACKGROUND AND ANALYSIS U.S. Military Operations U.S. and Allied Participation in Bosnia Peacekeeping (IFOR/ ...
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| Date July 8, 2003 |
Report No. RS21566 |
Title
Order Code RS21566 July 8, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web The Jones Act: An Overview John F. Frittelli Analyst in Transportation Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary The Jones Act is a perennial issue in Congress. The Act requires that all waterborne shipping between points in the United States be carried by vessels built in the United States and owned and ...
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| Date July 7, 2003 |
Report No. RS21563 |
Title
Order Code RS21563 July 7, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Biodiesel Fuel and U.S. Agriculture Randy Schnepf Analyst in Agricultural Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Summary Increased concerns about energy security, greenhouse gas emissions, and pollution, plus the desire to support farm incomes, have led to an increase in congressional interest in ...
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| Date July 7, 2003 |
Report No. RS20245 |
Title
Order Code RS20245 Updated July 7, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Medicaid: A Fact Sheet Jean Hearne Domestic Social Policy Division Summary Medicaid is the largest of the joint federal/state entitlement programs. The program provides payments for health care for certain groups of low-income individuals. Medicaid can be thought of as three distinct programs: one program ...
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| Date July 2, 2003 |
Report No. RS20522 |
Title
Order Code RS20522 Updated July 2, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Army Aviation: The RAH-66 Comanche Helicopter Issue Christopher Bolkcom Specialist in National Defense Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Summary Although it has been a high Army priority, a number of factors have complicated the RAH-66 Comanche program. Since its inception, the program has been ...
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| Date July 1, 2003 |
Report No. RL31375 |
Title
Order Code RL31375 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Emergency Communications: Meeting Public Safety Spectrum Needs Updated July 1, 2003 Linda K. Moore Analyst in Telecommunications and Technology Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Emergency Communications: Meeting Public Safety Spectrum Needs Summary In ...
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| Date July 1, 2003 |
Report No. 98-379GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-379 GOV Updated July 1, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Statutory Offices of Inspector General: Establishment and Evolution Frederick M. Kaiser Specialist in American National Government Government and Finance Division Summary Statutory offices of inspector general consolidate responsibility for auditing and investigations within a federal department, agency ...
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| Date July 1, 2003 |
Report No. RS21559 |
Title
Order Code RS21559 July 1, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Entergy Louisiana, Inc. v. Louisiana Public Service Commission: Preemptive Effect of Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Orders Michael V. Seitzinger Legislative Attorney American Law Division Summary In Entergy Louisiana, Inc. v. Louisiana Public Service Commission the United States Supreme Court faced the issue ...
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| Date June 30, 2003 |
Report No. RL31974 |
Title
Order Code RL31974 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Trade Agreements: Requirements for Presidential Consultations, Notices, and Reports to Congress Regarding Negotiations June 30, 2003 Vladimir N. Pregelj Specialist in International Trade and Finance Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Trade Agreements: ...
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| Date June 27, 2003 |
Report No. RS21557 |
Title
Order Code RS21557 June 27, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Monkeypox: Technical Background and Outbreak Implications for Bioterrorism Preparedness Dana A. Shea and Frank Gottron Analysts in Science and Technology Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Holly Harvey Specialist in Social Legislation Domestic Social Policy Division Summary Monkeypox, a viral ...
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| Date June 25, 2003 |
Report No. RS21367 |
Title
Order Code RS21367 Updated June 25, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Emergency Preparedness and Response Directorate of the Department of Homeland Security Keith Bea, William Krouse, Daniel Morgan, Wayne Morrissey, and C. Stephen Redhead Congressional Research Service Summary The Homeland Security Act of 2002 (P.L. 107-296) requires the Emergency Preparedness and Response ...
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| Date June 23, 2003 |
Report No. RL31976 |
Title
Order Code RL31976 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Benefit-Cost Analysis and the Discount Rate for the Corps of Engineers Water Resource Projects: Theory and Practice June 23, 2003 Kyna Powers Analyst Resources, Science, and Industry Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Benefit-Cost Analysis and the Discount Rate for the Corps of Engineers Water ...
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| Date June 23, 2003 |
Report No. RL31972 |
Title
Order Code RL31972 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Private Crude Oil Stocks and the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Debate June 23, 2003 Robert Pirog Analyst in Energy Economics and Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Private Crude Oils Stocks and the Strategic Petroleum Reserve Debate Summary Periodically, since ...
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| Date June 23, 2003 |
Report No. 98-789EPW |
Title
Order Code 98-789 EPW Updated June 23, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Social Security: Proposed Changes to the Earnings Test Geoffrey Kollmann Domestic Social Policy Division Summary On April 7, 2000, President Clinton signed H.R. 5, the Senior Citizens Freedom to Work Act. The new law (P.L. 106-182) eliminated the Social Security earnings test which reduces the benefits ...
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| Date June 23, 2003 |
Report No. 98-148GOV |
Title
Order Code 98-148 GOV Updated June 23, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Presidential Vetoes, 1789-Present: A Summary Overview Gary L. Galemore Analyst in American National Government Government and Finance Division Summary The veto power vested in the President by Article I, Section 7 of the Constitution has proved to be an effective tool for the Chief Executive in his ...
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| Date June 20, 2003 |
Report No. RL31914 |
Title
Order Code RL31914 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Research and Development in the Department of Homeland Security Updated June 20, 2003 Daniel Morgan Analyst in Science and Technology Resources, Science, and Industry Division Congressional Research Service The Library of Congress Research and Development in the Department of Homeland Security Summary The Department of ...
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| Date June 20, 2003 |
Report No. RS21551 |
Title
Order Code RS21551 June 20, 2003 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Campaign Finance: Issues Before the U.S. Supreme Court in McConnell v. FEC L. Paige Whitaker Legislative Attorney American Law Division Summary Shortly after the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002 (BCRA), P.L. 107-155 (H.R. 2356, 107th Cong.) was enacted in March 2002 (also known as the McCainFeingold ...
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| Date June 19, 2003 |
Report No. RL31869 |
Title
Order Code RL31869 CRS Report for Congress Energy Tax Incentives: A Comparison of the Senate Finance Committee Bill (S. 1149) and the House Bill (H.R. 6) updated June 19, 2003 Salvatore Lazzari Specialist in Public Finance Resources, Science, and Industry Division Congressional Research Service TAB / 6 / Prepari AMERICAN Com CREATION ACT. JOBS 4520, H.R. PL 108-357 l l l l l l l l Energy Tax ...
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| Date June 19, 2003 |
Report No. RL31970 |
Title
Order Code RL31970 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web U.S. Agricultural Biotechnology in Global Markets: An Introduction June 19, 2003 Geoffrey S. Becker Specialist in Agricultural Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Charles Hanrahan Senior Specialist in Agricultural Policy Resources, Science, and Industry Division Congressional Research Service The Library of ...
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