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K-12 Education: Characteristics of School Shootings

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Report Type Reports and Testimonies
Report Date June 9, 2020
Release Date July 9, 2020
Report No. GAO-20-455
Summary:

We examined school shootings and found:

Half were committed by current or former students

Suburban and rural, wealthier, and low-minority schools had more school-targeted shootings; such shootings were the most fatal and most commonly committed by students

Urban, poor, and high-minority schools had more shootings overall and more motivated by disputes; these shootings were often committed by non-students or unknown shooters

More shootings happened outside, but those inside schools were usually more deadly

We found no empirical research from 2009-2019 that directly examined the link between school discipline and school shootings.

Map of K-12 School Shootings in the United States, School Years 2009-10 through 2018-19

U.S. map showing 63 shootings in western states, 71 in the midwest, 156 in the south, and 28 in the northeast

U.S. map showing 63 shootings in western states, 71 in the midwest, 156 in the south, and 28 in the northeast

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