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Science & Tech Spotlight: COVID-19 Testing

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Report Type Reports and Testimonies
Report Date May 20, 2020
Release Date May 20, 2020
Report No. GAO-20-584SP
Summary:

This Spotlight looks at the 3 types of FDA-authorized COVID-19 tests.

Molecular and antigen tests help diagnose active infections. Molecular tests look for the virus’s genetic material, while antigen tests look for unique parts of the virus. Results can be used for quarantines, routing supplies, etc.

Serology tests look for antibodies in the blood to help determine prior exposure.

So far, FDA has authorized at least 56 molecular tests and 12 serology tests for emergency use. It recently authorized one antigen test as well. Accuracy varies among all of the tests. The resulting uncertainty can complicate public health decisions.

A COVID-19 molecular test kit from CDC

Test kit

Test kit

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