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Science and Technology Spotlight: The Science of Social Distancing During Pandemics

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Report Type Reports and Testimonies
Report Date May 13, 2020
Release Date May 13, 2020
Report No. GAO-20-545SP
Summary:

How far is far enough for successful social distancing? We take a look at some of the still-developing science behind the practice.

A CDC guideline based on historical studies of selected infections says that the area of highest risk is within 3 feet of an infected person. Some studies suggest a buffer of 6 feet may further reduce risk.

Other studies examining droplet dispersion in sneezing and coughing found they can go more than 6 feet. Also, viral material may persist in the air within a room for up to 3 hours.

But many factors, including the amount of viral material and duration of exposure needed to transmit the disease, are still unknown.

The distance droplets carry infectious materials depends on droplet size, humidity, air currents, and other factors.

Graphic showing distance different sized droplets can travel

Graphic showing distance different sized droplets can travel

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