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China-U.S. Relations in the 109th Congress (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date Revised Dec. 31, 2006
Report Number RL32804
Report Type Report
Authors Kerry Dumbaugh, Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
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Summary:

Throughout much of the George W. Bush Administration, U.S.-China relations have remained unusually smooth and stable. But U.S. policy toward China now appears to be subject to competing reassessments. State Department officials late in 2005 unveiled what they described as a new policy framework for the relationship- one in which the United States was willing to work cooperatively with a nondemocratic China while encouraging Beijing to become a 'responsible stakeholder' in the global system. Other U.S. policymakers appear to be adopting somewhat tougher stances on issues involving China and U.S.-China relations, expressing their concerns about strong PRC economic growth and a more assertive and influential PRC diplomacy in the international arena...Much of current concern about China appears driven by security calculations at the Pentagon and in Congress. In remarks at a Singapore Conference in June 2005, Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld questioned the motivations behind China's expanding military budget and stated that a congressionally mandated DOD report in 2005 concludes Beijing is greatly understating its military expenditures. Bilateral economic and trade issues also remain matters of concern, with U.S. officials and Members of Congress this year particularly criticizing China's failure to halt piracy of U.S. intellectual property rights (IPR) and China’s continued constraints on its currency valuation. In the February 2005 State Department Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, U.S. officials again classified China's human rights record as poor. Beijing continues its crackdown on independent religious organizations, citizens accused of leaking state secrets, and other political activists.