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Abortion: Legislative Response (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date Revised April 28, 2006
Report Number IB95095
Authors Karen J. Lewis and Jon O. Shimabukuro, American Law Division
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
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Summary:

On February 21, 2006, the U.S. Supreme Court agreed to review the decision of the U.S.Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit on the validity of the federal Partial-Birth AbortionBan Act of 2003. In Carhart v. Gonzales, the Eighth Circuit found the act unconstitutionalbecause it lacked a health exception that would permit a so-called "partial-birth" abortion tobe performed to preserve the health of the mother. Carhart is one of three cases involvingthe Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act to be considered by the courts. In National AbortionFederation v. Gonzales and Planned Parenthood v. Gonzales, the Second and Ninth Circuitssimilarly held that the act is unconstitutional. Additional information on the three cases andthe Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act is available in the "Partial-Birth Abortion" section of thisreport.