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Conference Committee Deliberations (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date May 19, 2008
Report Number 98-708
Authors Walter J. Oleszek, Government and Finance Division
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
Summary:

The Constitution requires that proposed laws must pass the House and Senate in absolutely identical form before they can be sent to the White House for presidential consideration. Different procedural techniques are used to achieve "bicameral ignition," but the one usually employed for controversial measures is to establish a conference committee. Composed of conferees chosen from each chamber--usually from the committee(s) that reported the legislation--the conference committee's job is to iron out differences when the House and Senate pass dissimilar versions of the same bill. Because conference committees make significant policy decisions, it is little surprise that these bicameral units are sometimes called "the third house of Congress."