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House and Senate Vacancies: How Are They Filled? (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date Jan. 22, 2003
Report Number 97-1009
Authors Sula P. Richardson and Thomas H. Neale, Government and Finance Division
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
Summary:

This report discusses how vacancies in Congress are filled when a Senator or Representative dies, resigns, declines to serve, or is expelled or excluded from either house. The Constitution requires that vacancies in both houses be filled by special election, but in the case of the Senate, it empowers state legislatures to provide for temporary appointments by the state governor until special elections can be scheduled.