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Thanksgiving: Fact Sheet (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date Revised Nov. 18, 2024
Report Number R44279
Report Type Report
Authors Audrey Celeste Crane-Hirsch, Reference Librarian
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
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  • Premium   Revised Nov. 20, 2023 (4 pages, $24.95) add
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Summary:

Thanksgiving is a federal holiday observed on the fourth Thursday in November. It began in 1621 as a harvest celebration between the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag Indians and has become a time for families and friends to gather to reflect and express gratitude. In 1789, President George Washington declared November 26 a national day of Thanksgiving. Subsequent Presidents issued Thanksgiving proclamations, but the dates of the commemoration changed. In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln issued a proclamation establishing the last Thursday of November as Thanksgiving. In October 1941, Congress passed H.J. Res. 41, which declared the last Thursday in November a legal holiday. In December 1941, the resolution was amended to establish the holiday as the fourth Thursday, taking into account years when November has five Thursdays. This guide is designed to assist congressional offices with work related to Thanksgiving. It provides links to sample congressional speeches, presidential proclamations, and cultural and historical resources.