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Country-of-Origin Labeling for Foods (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date Revised July 25, 2008
Report Number 97-508
Authors Geoffrey S. Becker, Resources, Science, and Industry Division
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
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Summary:

Federal law requires most imports, including many food items, to bear labelsinforming the "ultimate purchaser" of their country of origin. Various bills have beenintroduced to impose expanded country-of-origin labeling requirements on meats and onseveral other agricultural products. Such proposals have attracted attention for a numberof reasons. One is that they are viewed (by some advocates) as a way to help U.S.producers dealing with low farm prices. Also, some perceive that food products fromcertain countries might pose greater risks than those from the United States. Proponentsof the bills contend that additional country labeling requirements would enable consumersto know the source of retail food offerings and include that knowledge in selecting theirpurchases. Opponents counter that country-of-origin labeling bears no relation to foodsafety and would not raise U.S. commodity prices. They argue that it would imposeexcessive and costly regulatory burdens on retailers and others in the marketing systemand on consumers, be difficult to enforce, and-by imposing new non-tariff tradebarriers-undermine ongoing U.S. efforts to reduce other countries' trade barriers andexpand international markets for U.S. products.