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Child Welfare: Purposes, Federal Programs, and Funding (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date Revised Oct. 1, 2024
Report Number IF10590
Report Type In Focus
Authors Emilie Stoltzfus
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
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Summary:

Children depend on adults—usually their parents—to protect and support them. The broadest mission of public child welfare agencies is to strengthen families so that children can depend on their parents to provide them with a safe and loving home. More specifically, child welfare agencies aim to prevent abuse or neglect of children in their homes. If this has already happened, the agencies are expected to offer aid, services, or referrals to ensure children do not reexperience maltreatment. For some children, this means placement in foster care. Foster care is understood to be a temporary living situation. When a child enters care, the first task of the child welfare agency is to provide services to enable the child to safely reunite with family. If that is not possible, then the agency works to find a new permanent adoptive or guardianship family for the child. Youth in care who are neither reunited nor placed with a new permanent family are typically emancipated at their state’s legal age of majority. These youth are said to have aged out of care.