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Child Care: The Federal Role During World War II (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date June 29, 2000
Report Number RS20615
Report Type Report
Authors Emilie Stoltzfus, Consultant, Domestic Social Policy Division
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
Summary:

During World War II, the federal government supported a nationwide program of child care centers, intended to boost war production by freeing mothers to work. Labor force participation of women grew significantly during the war, and children of working mothers were eligible for the child care service. The centers had a peak enrollment near 130,000 children in 1944. After the federal subsidy ended in February 1946, California, New York City and Philadelphia were the only locations to use public funds to continue child care programs indefinitely. This report describes federal child care initiatives during World War II, and briefly traces the evolution of federal child care policy from the postwar period until today. This report will not be updated.