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| Date Aug. 24, 2023 |
Report No. IN12230 |
Title
INSIGHTi OMB Issues Final Guidance on Buy America Domestic Preference Requirements August 24, 2023 On August, 14, 2023, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) released a pre-publication internet version of its final guidance on the implementation of the Build America, Buy America (BABA) provisions contained in the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA; P.L. 117-58). The IIJA required OMB ...
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| Date Aug. 23, 2023 |
Report No. IF12478 |
Title
August 23, 2023 Project AWARE Background Project AWARE (Advancing Wellness and Resilience in Education) is a school-based mental health grant program administered by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Project AWARE is carried out through SAMHSA s general authorities in Title V of the Public Health Service ...
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| Date Aug. 22, 2023 |
Report No. R47660 |
Title
Law Enforcement and Technology: Use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems August 22, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47660 SUMMARY Law Enforcement and Technology: Use of Unmanned Aircraft Systems Alongside growth in the use of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), commonly referred to as drones, for both commercial and recreational purposes, law enforcement agencies use of ...
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| Date Aug. 21, 2023 |
Report No. LSB11026 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Congressional Court Watcher: Recent Appellate Decisions of Interest to Lawmakers (August 14, 2023 August 20, 2023) August 21, 2023 The federal courts issue hundreds of decisions every week in cases involving diverse legal disputes. This Sidebar series selects decisions from the past week that may be of particular interest to federal lawmakers, focusing on orders and decisions of the ...
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| Date Aug. 21, 2023 |
Report No. IF10607 |
Title
Updated August 21, 2023 China Primer: South China Sea Disputes Overview Multiple Asian governments assert sovereignty over rocks, reefs, and other geographic features in the heavily trafficked South China Sea (SCS), with the People s Republic of China (PRC or China) arguably making the most assertive claims. The United States makes no territorial claim in the SCS and takes no position on ...
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| Date Aug. 21, 2023 |
Report No. IN12227 |
Title
INSIGHTi The U.S. Housing Recession August 21, 2023 Economists often look to the housing market as an indicator of the health of the economy. As the COVID19 pandemic accelerated, the housing market was relatively strong, characterized by robust demand, rising prices, and increased construction. Since the latter half of 2021, spending on residential construction has faltered, leading some to ...
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| Date Aug. 21, 2023 |
Report No. R47658 |
Title
Financial Institution Insolvency and the Federal Response to the Regional Bank Failures of 2023 August 21, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47658 SUMMARY Financial Institution Insolvency and the Federal Response to the Regional Bank Failures of 2023 Three high-profile regional banks collapsed suddenly in the United States during the first half of 2023. On March ...
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| Date Aug. 21, 2023 |
Report No. IN12228 |
Title
INSIGHTi Meme Stock MMTLP and FINRA Trading Halt August 21, 2023 During the fourth quarter of 2022, abnormal trading in MMTLP attracted the attention of capital markets observers and regulators. MMTLP was the over-the-counter (OTC) stock trading symbol for non-voting series A preferred shares of Meta Materials (MMAT), a small nanotechnology and materials company. Since MMTLP s trading halt in ...
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| Date Aug. 21, 2023 |
Report No. LSB11025 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Public Corruption and the Limits of Federal Fraud Statutes August 21, 2023 Over time, Congress has shown consistent interest in policing public-sector corruption, enacting a number of criminal provisions aimed at holding corrupt officials and those who entice them accountable for their actions under federal law. Federal prosecutors most potent existing tools for combating such ...
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| Date Aug. 18, 2023 |
Report No. IF12475 |
Title
August 18, 2023 Outreach for Socially Disadvantaged Producers (2501 Program) The 2018 farm bill (Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018, P.L. 115-334) reauthorized and expanded support for socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers (SDFRs) within programs administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Specifically, Congress expanded support within a long-standing USDA program supporting ...
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| Date Aug. 18, 2023 |
Report No. R47642 |
Title
On the Radio: Public Performance Rights in Sound Recordings Updated August 18, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47642 SUMMARY On the Radio: Public Performance Rights in Sound Recordings A copyright grants the authors of a creative work certain exclusive rights in their creation. The scope of copyright in music depends on the type of work at issue and the ...
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| Date Aug. 18, 2023 |
Report No. LSB11023 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Supreme Court Limits States Ability to Challenge Immigration Enforcement Policies August 18, 2023 The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is one of the key agencies responsible for the enforcement of federal immigration laws against aliens who lack a legal basis to remain in the United States. Citing resource and humanitarian concerns, DHS, during the Biden Administration, has ...
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| Date Aug. 18, 2023 |
Report No. IG10040 |
Title
The Individual Income Tax, 2023 August 18, 2023 Author Information Margot L. Crandall-Hollick Specialist in Public Finance Disclaimer This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and under the direction of Congress. Information in a CRS Report ...
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| Date Aug. 18, 2023 |
Report No. IF11009 |
Title
Updated August 18, 2023 Brunei Darussalam The State of Brunei Darussalam (Brunei) is located on the northwest coast of the Island of Borneo, and is bordered and bifurcated by eastern Malaysia. Brunei has a land mass of 2,226 square miles (slightly smaller than Delaware). It possesses substantial oil and natural gas reserves and is located along the strategically and economically important sea ...
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| Date Aug. 18, 2023 |
Report No. IF12476 |
Title
August 18, 2023 SBA s Women-Owned Small Business Contracting Program Program Background Industry-Specific Eligibility Requirements The Small Business Administration s (SBA s) WomenOwned Small Business (WOSB) Federal Contracting Program is designed to provide greater access to federal contracts for WOSBs, including a subset that are considered economically disadvantaged (EDWOSBs). Federal agencies ...
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| Date Aug. 18, 2023 |
Report No. R47655 |
Title
1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom: Fact Sheet August 18, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47655 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom: Fact Sheet Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 History ...
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| Date Aug. 18, 2023 |
Report No. IF12477 |
Title
August 18, 2023 FDA s Oversight of Hemp-Derived Compounds In January 2023, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a statement that the agency would work with Congress to develop a new regulatory pathway for cannabidiol (CBD), a hemp-based cannabinoid. This action followed years of FDA review by a high-level internal working group related to the regulation of CBD products. In July 2023, ...
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| Date Aug. 17, 2023 |
Report No. R43738 |
Title
Fire Management Assistance Grants: Frequently Asked Questions Updated August 17, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R43738 Fire Management Assistance Grants: Frequently Asked Questions Summary Section 420 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (P.L. 93-288, hereinafter the Stafford Act) authorizes the President to declare a Fire ...
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| Date Aug. 17, 2023 |
Report No. R47654 |
Title
Immigration Options for Immigration Parolees August 17, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47654 SUMMARY Immigration Options for Immigration Parolees Since 2021, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has granted immigration parole through special initiatives to more than 350,000 persons from Afghanistan, Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, Ukraine, and Venezuela. Parole ...
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| Date Aug. 17, 2023 |
Report No. LSB11021 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Online Age Verification (Part II): Constitutional Background August 17, 2023 This Legal Sidebar is the second installment in a three-part series on efforts to require online services to verify the ages of their users. Part I discussed the common elements of online age verification laws, using enacted state legislation as examples. This part provides an overview of potentially ...
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| Date Aug. 17, 2023 |
Report No. R47653 |
Title
The Orphan Drug Act and Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Inc., v. Becerra August 17, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47653 SUMMARY The Orphan Drug Act and Catalyst Pharmaceuticals, Inc., v. Becerra Orphan drugs are used to treat rare diseases and conditions, but they can be costly to produce and are generally used to treat fewer than 200,000 people in the United ...
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| Date Aug. 17, 2023 |
Report No. LSB11020 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Online Age Verification (Part I): Current Context August 17, 2023 For almost as long as the internet has existed, journalists and lawmakers have sounded alarms over children s ability to access harmful material online. The targeted material has expanded over the years, with pornography being a primary focus in the 1990s and social media content receiving attention in the 2020s. One ...
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| Date Aug. 17, 2023 |
Report No. LSB11010 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Mountain Valley Pipeline Litigation Tests Congress s Power to Limit Federal Court Jurisdiction Updated August 17, 2023 The Mountain Valley Pipeline (Pipeline), currently under construction, is planned as a 303-mile natural gas transmission pipeline that would link natural gas fields in West Virginia to the existing Transco pipeline in Virginia. Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC (MVP), ...
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| Date Aug. 17, 2023 |
Report No. IF11123 |
Title
Updated August 17, 2023 U.S.-UK Trade Relations The United Kingdom (UK) is a major U.S. trade and economic partner. U.S.-UK trade and investment ties given their scope, size, and economic and political significance are of congressional interest. In the 118th Congress, Members may assess opportunities to expand U.S.-UK trade and investment ties, including through ongoing executive trade initiatives ...
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| Date Aug. 17, 2023 |
Report No. IF12468 |
Title
Updated August 17, 2023 Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Federal Election Campaigns: Legal Background and Constitutional Considerations for Legislation Introduction Federal campaign finance law does not specifically regulate the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in political campaign advertising. As technology continues to evolve, concerns have grown regarding the use of AI-generated campaign ads ...
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| Date Aug. 17, 2023 |
Report No. LSB11022 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Online Age Verification (Part III): Select Constitutional Issues August 17, 2023 This Legal Sidebar is the third installment in a three-part series on efforts to require online services to verify the ages of their users. Part I provided an overview of elements common in age verification laws. Part II discussed constitutional principles that may be relevant in assessing the ...
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| Date Aug. 17, 2023 |
Report No. IG10039 |
Title
Foreign Students: Screening and Monitoring There were about 1.3 million foreign post secondary students and scholars in the United States in 2022, and about 7,500 post-secondary U.S. schools were approved to host them. Foreign students and scholars enter the country on nonimmigrant (i.e., temporary) visas, a process that involves multiple federal agencies as well as educational institutions. ...
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| Date Aug. 16, 2023 |
Report No. R47650 |
Title
Social Security: Future Financial Status and Accuracy of Projections August 16, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47650 SUMMARY Social Security: Future Financial Status and Accuracy of Projections The Social Security program is facing a projected financial shortfall. Under the Social Security Board of Trustees intermediate assumptions their best guess as to the ...
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| Date Aug. 16, 2023 |
Report No. R47652 |
Title
Air Quality: EPA s 2023 Proposed Changes to the Particulate Matter (PM) Standard August 16, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47652 SUMMARY Air Quality: EPA s 2023 Proposed Changes to the Particulate Matter (PM) Standard The Clean Air Act (CAA) requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to issue national ambient (outdoor) air quality criteria ( ...
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| Date Aug. 16, 2023 |
Report No. LSB11024 |
Title
Legal Sidebari The Georgia Indictment of Former President Trump: A Snapshot August 16, 2023 On August 14, 2023, a Georgia grand jury returned a multi-count indictment charging former President Donald Trump and others working on his behalf with engaging in an enterprise designed to overturn the outcome of the 2020 presidential election in violation of the state racketeering statute, among other ...
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| Date Aug. 16, 2023 |
Report No. R47651 |
Title
Sources for Frequently Requested Foreclosure Statistics August 16, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47651 SUMMARY Sources for Frequently Requested Foreclosure Statistics This report describes selected resources that provide data on single-family mortgage loan performance, including foreclosure activity and delinquent loans. Sources include government surveys, ...
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| Date Aug. 15, 2023 |
Report No. R46344 |
Title
U.S. Foreign Assistance to the Middle East: Historical, Recent Trends, and the FY2024 Background Request Updated August 15, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46344 SUMMARY U.S. Foreign Assistance to the Middle East: Historical, Recent Trends, and the FY2024 Background Request This report is an overview of U.S. foreign assistance to the Middle East and North ...
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| Date Aug. 15, 2023 |
Report No. R47649 |
Title
PREVENT Pandemics Act (P.L. 117-328, Division FF, Title II) August 15, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47649 SUMMARY PREVENT Pandemics Act (P.L. 117-328, Division FF, Title II) R47649 August 15, 2023 Kavya Sekar, Coordinator Analyst in Health Policy The Prepare for and Respond to Existing Viruses, Emerging New Threats, and Pandemics Act (PREVENT Pandemics Act) ...
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| Date Aug. 15, 2023 |
Report No. R41333 |
Title
Terrorist Material Support: An Overview of 18 U.S.C. 2339A and 2339B Updated August 15, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41333 SUMMARY Terrorist Material Support: An Overview of 18 U.S.C. 2339A and 2339B The material support statutes, 18 U.S.C. 2339A and 2339B, have been among the most frequently prosecuted federal anti-terrorism statutes. Section 2339A outlaws: ...
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| Date Aug. 15, 2023 |
Report No. IN12224 |
Title
INSIGHTi Mitigation Funding from the Safeguarding Tomorrow Revolving Loan Fund August 15, 2023 In 2023, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) began offering a new form of Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA) through a new program known as the Safeguarding Tomorrow Revolving Loan Fund Program (STRLF). The STRLF program was established by the STORM Act, which amended the Stafford Act to ...
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| Date Aug. 15, 2023 |
Report No. IF10116 |
Title
Updated August 15, 2023 Crisis in Mali Once seen as a regional democratic leader, Mali has become an epicenter of conflict and instability over the past decade. Insurgent groups affiliated with Al Qaeda and the Islamic State operate widely and have spread across Mali s borders. Other armed groups, ethnic militias, and criminal bands are also active, some with apparent state backing. A military ...
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| Date Aug. 15, 2023 |
Report No. R41334 |
Title
Terrorist Material Support: A Sketch of 18 U.S.C. 2339A and 2339B Updated August 15, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41334 SUMMARY Terrorist Material Support: A Sketch of 18 U.S.C. 2339A and 2339B The material support statutes, 18 U.S.C. 2339A and 2339B, have been among the most frequently prosecuted federal anti-terrorism statutes. Section 2339A outlaws: ...
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| Date Aug. 14, 2023 |
Report No. RL32748 |
Title
The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Block Grant: A Primer on TANF Financing and Federal Requirements Updated August 14, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL32748 SUMMARY The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Block Grant: A Primer on TANF Financing and Federal Requirements RL32748 August 14, 2023 Gene Falk Specialist in Social Policy The ...
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| Date Aug. 14, 2023 |
Report No. LSB11019 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Congressional Court Watcher: Recent Appellate Decisions of Interest to Lawmakers (August 7, 2023 August 11, 2023) August 14, 2023 The federal courts issue hundreds of decisions every week in cases involving diverse legal disputes. This Sidebar series selects decisions from the past week that may be of particular interest to federal lawmakers, focusing on orders and decisions of the ...
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| Date Aug. 14, 2023 |
Report No. IN12218 |
Title
INSIGHTi August 2023 Wildfires in Hawaii Updated August 14, 2023 Impacts of August Wildfires Due to dry and windy conditions, several damaging wildfires spread on the Hawaiian islands of Maui and Hawaii starting on August 8, 2023 (Figure 1). On August 10, the affected areas received a presidential declaration of major disaster under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance ...
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| Date Aug. 14, 2023 |
Report No. IN12220 |
Title
INSIGHTi Broadcasting Federal Criminal Proceedings August 14, 2023 The August 1, 2023, criminal indictment of former President Donald Trump has prompted public discussion of whether federal criminal proceedings can be televised or otherwise broadcast to the public. Whether, and potentially how, video of federal court proceedings can be made available has been a topic of interest to policymakers ...
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| Date Aug. 11, 2023 |
Report No. IN12219 |
Title
INSIGHTi Clinical Fentanyl Testing August 11, 2023 The opioid crisis in the United States is exacerbated by both the ubiquity and potency of fentanyl, a synthetic opioid that is up to 50 times stronger than heroin and 100 times stronger than morphine. Fentanyl is commonly mixed surreptitiously with other illicit drugs such as heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine and thus is often taken unknowingly ...
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| Date Aug. 10, 2023 |
Report No. RL32159 |
Title
How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal Updated August 10, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL32159 How to Develop and Write a Grant Proposal Summary This report is intended for Members and congressional staff assisting grantseekers in districts and states, and covers writing proposals for both government and private foundation grants. In preparation for ...
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| Date Aug. 10, 2023 |
Report No. IN12167 |
Title
INSIGHTi 2023 Hurricane Outlooks and 2022 Hurricane Season Review Updated August 10, 2023 Many in Congress have expressed interest in increasing understanding of tropical cyclones and improving forecasts to help their constituents prepare for the yearly hurricane season. These improvements may potentially decrease a storm s impact on an individual or community. The Department of Commerce s ...
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| Date Aug. 10, 2023 |
Report No. IF12183 |
Title
Updated August 10, 2023 Procedures for Declassifying Intelligence of Public Interest The classification regime exists as a means of safeguarding sensitive intelligence sources and methods, or other kinds of sensitive national security information that is relevant to the national security of the United States. On occasion, Congress may consider declassifying intelligence, or other types of national ...
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| Date Aug. 9, 2023 |
Report No. R46974 |
Title
Cybersecurity: Selected Cyberattacks, 2012-2022 Updated August 9, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46974 SUMMARY Cybersecurity: Selected Cyberattacks, 2012-2022 Many Members of Congress have raised concerns over the frequency, types, and impacts of cyber incidents during hearings, speeches, and in legislation. Cyber incidents affect nearly every national entity, ...
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| Date Aug. 9, 2023 |
Report No. RL33587 |
Title
Medicare Secondary Payer: Coordination of Benefits Updated August 9, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL33587 SUMMARY Medicare Secondary Payer: Coordination of Benefits RL33587 August 9, 2023 Suzanne M. Kirchhoff Analyst in Health Care Medicare is a federal program that covers medical services for qualified beneficiaries. Financing Established in 1965 to provide ...
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| Date Aug. 9, 2023 |
Report No. IF10683 |
Title
Updated August 9, 2023 DHS s Cybersecurity Mission An Overview After a cyberattack, much attention is paid to who the responsible party could be. But helping organizations protect themselves, respond to and recover from incidents is vital to the resiliency of the nation. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) works broadly to manage all manner of cybersecurity risks, regardless of the ...
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| Date Aug. 9, 2023 |
Report No. IF12471 |
Title
August 9, 2023 Tax Proposals and the PGA Tour-LIV Golf Merger In June 2023, the PGA Tour and LIV Golf announced a planned merger. The PGA Tour is the world s largest professional golf league, while LIV Golf is a newer league financed by the Saudi Arabia Public Investment Fund (PIF), a sovereign wealth fund. Two tax issues have been raised with respect to the merger of the PGA Tour and LIV Golf. ...
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| Date Aug. 8, 2023 |
Report No. R43997 |
Title
Deferred Maintenance of Federal Land Management Agencies: FY2013-FY2022 Estimates and Issues Updated August 8, 2023 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R43997 SUMMARY Deferred Maintenance of Federal Land Management Agencies: FY2013-FY2022 Estimates and Issues R43997 August 8, 2023 Carol Hardy Vincent Specialist in Natural Resources Policy Each of the four major federal ...
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