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Section 301 Tariff Exclusions on U.S. Imports from China (CRS Report for Congress)

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Release Date Revised May 13, 2024
Report Number IF11582
Report Type In Focus
Authors Andres B. Schwarzenberg
Source Agency Congressional Research Service
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Summary:

In 2018, the U.S. Trade Representative (USTR) determined, pursuant to an investigation under “Section 301” (Title III of the Trade Act of 1974, 19 U.S.C. §§2411-2420), that China’s acts, policies, and practices related to technology transfer, intellectual property (IP), and innovation were unreasonable or discriminatory and burdened or restricted U.S. commerce. To counter them and obtain their elimination, the Trump Administration used Section 301 authorities to impose four rounds of increased tariffs on about two-thirds of U.S. imports from China. To avoid harm to U.S. interests, the USTR introduced a new policy allowing stakeholders to request “tariff exclusions” for U.S. imports that would otherwise have been subject to tariffs. Some policymakers and stakeholders have raised concerns about the implementation of the exclusion request process.